Skip to main content

Micro and Macro Lemmings Simulations Based on Ants Colonies

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Applications of Evolutionary Computation (EvoApplications 2014)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNTCS,volume 8602))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) has been successfully applied to a wide number of complex and real domains. From classical optimization problems to video games, these kind of swarm-based approaches have been adapted, to be later used, to search for new meta-heuristic based solutions. This paper presents a simple ACO algorithm that uses a specifically designed heuristic, called common-sense, which has been applied in the classical video game Lemmings. In this game a set of lemmings must reach the exit point of each level, using a subset of finite number of skills, taking into account the contextual information given from the level. The paper describes both the graph model and the context-based heuristic, designed to implement our ACO approach. Afterwards, two different kind of simulations have been carried out to analyse the behaviour of the ACO algorithm. On the one hand, a micro simulation, where each ant is used to model a lemming, and a macro simulation where a swarm of lemmings is represented using only one ant. Using both kind of simulations, a complete experimental comparison based on the number and quality of solutions found and the levels solved, is carried out to study the behaviour of the algorithm under different game configurations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Abraham, A., Ramos, V.: Web usage mining using artificial ant colony clustering and linear genetic programming. In: The 2003 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC 2003, vol. 2, pp. 1384–1391 (December 2003)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Berghman, L., Goossens, D., Leus, R.: Solving mastermind using genetic algorithms. Computers & Operations Research 36, 1880–1885 (2009)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Blickle, T., Thiele, L.: A comparison of selection schemes used in evolutionary algorithms. Evolutionary Computation 4(4), 361–394 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Blum, C., Merkle, D.: Swarm Intelligence: Introduction and Applications, 1st edn. Springer Publishing Company (2008) (incorporated)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Chen, X., Wang, H., Wang, W., Shi, Y., Gao, Y.: Apply ant colony optimization to tetris. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation (GECCO), pp. 1:1741–1:1742 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Coldridge, J., Amos, M.: Genetic algorithms and the art of zen. Technical report, Manchester Metropolitan University (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Colorni, A., Dorigo, M., Maniezzo, V.: Distributed optimization by ant colonies. In: European Conference on Artificial Life, pp. 134–142 (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Cormode, G.: The hardness of the lemmings game, or oh no, more np-completeness proofs. In: Proceedings of Third International Conference on Fun with Algorithms, pp. 65–76 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Das, S., Biswas, A., Dasgupta, S., Abraham, A.: Bacterial foraging optimization algorithm: theoretical foundations, analysis, and applications. Foundations of Computational Intelligence 203, 2355 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Das, T.K.: Bio-inspired algorithms for the design of multiple optimal power system stabilizers: Sppso and bfa. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 44(5) (September/October 2008)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Dorigo, M.: Ant colony optimization: A new meta-heuristic. In: Proceedings of the Congress on Evolutionary Computation, pp. 1470–1477. IEEE Press (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Engelbrecht, A.P.: Computational Intelligence: An Introduction, 2nd edn. Wiley Publishing (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Akan, O.B., Dressler, F.: Bio-inspired networking: From theory to practice. IEEE Communications Magazine, 177–183 (November 2010)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Farooq, M.: Bee-Inspired Protocol Engineering: From Nature to Networks. Springer (2008) (incorporated)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Gonzalez-Pardo, A., Camacho, D.: A new csp graph-based representation for ant colony optimization. In: 2013 IEEE Conference on Evolutionary Computation, June 20–23, vol. 1, pp. 689–696 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Gonzalez-Pardo, A., Camacho, D.: Environmental influence in bio-inspired game level solver algorithms. In: Zavoral, F., Jung, J.J., Badica, C. (eds.) IDC 2013. SCI, vol. 511, pp. 157–162. Springer, Heidelberg (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Karaboga, D.: An idea based on honey bee swarm for numerical optimization. Techn. Rep. TR06 Erciyes Univ. Press Erciyes, 129(2) p. 2865 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Karaboga, D., Basturk, B.: A powerful and efficient algorithm for numerical function optimization: artificial bee colony (abc) algorithm. J. of Global Optimization 39, 459–471 (2007)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  19. Kendall G., Spoerer, K.: Scripting the game of lemmings with a genetic algorithm. In: Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, pp. 117–124 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Kennedy, J., Eberhart, R.: Particle swarm optimization. In: Proceedings of the Congress on Evolutionary Computation, vol. 4, pp. 1942–1948 (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Martin, E., Martinez, M., Recio, G., Saez, Y.: Pac-mant: Optimization based on ant colonies applied to developing an agent for ms. pac-man. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG), pp. 1:458–1:464 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Miikkulainen, R., Bryant, B.D., Cornelius, R., Karpov, I.V., Stanley, K.O., Yong, C.H.: Computational intelligence in games. In: Computational Intelligence: Principles and Practice (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Reynolds, C.W.: Flocks, herds and schools: A distributed behavioral model. SIGGRAPH Comput. Graph. 21, 25–34 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Shaker, N., Togelius, J., Yannakakis, G.N., Weber, B.G., Shimizu, T., Hashiyama, T., Sorenson, N., Pasquier, P., Mawhorter, P.A., Takahashi, G., Smith, G., Baumgarten, r: The 2010 mario ai championship: Level generation track. IEEE Trans. Comput. Intellig. and AI in Games 3(4), 332–347 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Togelius, J.: Mario ai competition. In: Lanzi, P.L. (ed.) CIG. IEEE (2009)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Antonio González-Pardo .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

González-Pardo, A., Palero, F., Camacho, D. (2014). Micro and Macro Lemmings Simulations Based on Ants Colonies. In: Esparcia-Alcázar, A., Mora, A. (eds) Applications of Evolutionary Computation. EvoApplications 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 8602. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45523-4_28

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45523-4_28

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-45522-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-45523-4

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics