Skip to main content

2011 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

9. Climate Change and Infectious Diseases in Megacities of the Indian Subcontinent: A Literature Review

verfasst von : Md. Mobarak Hossain Khan, Alexander Krämer, Luise Prüfer-Krämer

Erschienen in: Health in Megacities and Urban Areas

Verlag: Physica-Verlag HD

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Global environmental change or climate change is a growing and challenging area of multidisciplinary research. It poses an emerging threat to global public health as well as to the wellbeing of many populations (Costello et al. 2009; Campbell-Lendrum and Corvalan 2007). It inhibits the progress of poverty reduction and the reaching of the Millennium Development Goals (Mitchell and Tanner 2006). Annually, over 150,000 deaths and 5 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) losses occur due to such change (Patz and Olson 2006). According to the recent report of the UCL Lancet Commission, the health effects of climate change will be even stronger in the next decades and will place the lives and wellbeing of billions of people at increased risk (Costello et al. 2009).

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Agboatwalla M, Isomura S, Akram DS, Isihara Y, Sakae K, Yamashita T, Nishuo O. Enteric viral infections in pre-school children in Karachi, Pakistan. Indian J Pediatr 1995; 62(3):345–51.PubMedCrossRef Agboatwalla M, Isomura S, Akram DS, Isihara Y, Sakae K, Yamashita T, Nishuo O. Enteric viral infections in pre-school children in Karachi, Pakistan. Indian J Pediatr 1995; 62(3):345–51.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ahmed S, Arif F, Yahya Y, Rehman A, Abbas K, Ashraf S, Akram DS. Dengue fever outbreak in Karachi 2006 – a study of profile and outcome of children under 15 years of age. J Pak Med Assoc 2008; 58(1):4–8.PubMed Ahmed S, Arif F, Yahya Y, Rehman A, Abbas K, Ashraf S, Akram DS. Dengue fever outbreak in Karachi 2006 – a study of profile and outcome of children under 15 years of age. J Pak Med Assoc 2008; 58(1):4–8.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Alam M, Akhtar YN, Ali SS, Ahmed M, Atiq M, Ansari A, Chaudhry FA, Bashir H, Bangash MA, Awais A, Safdar A, Hasnain SAF, Zafar A. Seasonal variation in bacterial pathogens isolated from stool samples in Karachi, Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc 2003; 53(3):125–9.PubMed Alam M, Akhtar YN, Ali SS, Ahmed M, Atiq M, Ansari A, Chaudhry FA, Bashir H, Bangash MA, Awais A, Safdar A, Hasnain SAF, Zafar A. Seasonal variation in bacterial pathogens isolated from stool samples in Karachi, Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc 2003; 53(3):125–9.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Alam P. Malaria country report Bangladesh-2008. Dhaka: Directorate General of Health Services, 2008. Alam P. Malaria country report Bangladesh-2008. Dhaka: Directorate General of Health Services, 2008.
Zurück zum Zitat Alam R, Siddiqui FM, Rahman S, Haque AK, Sarker CB, Siddiqui NI, Das SN, Kahhar A, Zafar SA, Khandaker AK, Ahmed T, Haque MF. Management of dengue by the WHO guided national guidelines. Mymensingh Med J 2004;13(1):43–7.PubMed Alam R, Siddiqui FM, Rahman S, Haque AK, Sarker CB, Siddiqui NI, Das SN, Kahhar A, Zafar SA, Khandaker AK, Ahmed T, Haque MF. Management of dengue by the WHO guided national guidelines. Mymensingh Med J 2004;13(1):43–7.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Alam M, Rabbani MG. Vulnerabilities and responses to climate change for Dhaka. Environment and Urbanization 2007; 19(1):81–97.CrossRef Alam M, Rabbani MG. Vulnerabilities and responses to climate change for Dhaka. Environment and Urbanization 2007; 19(1):81–97.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Akram DS, Ahmed S. Dengue fever. Infect Dis J Pakistan 2005; 124–125. Akram DS, Ahmed S. Dengue fever. Infect Dis J Pakistan 2005; 124–125.
Zurück zum Zitat Asian Development Bank. TA 4578-Pakistan: Karachi megacities preparation project. Final report. August 2005. Asian Development Bank. TA 4578-Pakistan: Karachi megacities preparation project. Final report. August 2005.
Zurück zum Zitat Banerjee B, Hazra S, Bandyopadhyay D. Diarrhoea management among under fives. Indian Pediatr 2004; 41: 255–260.PubMed Banerjee B, Hazra S, Bandyopadhyay D. Diarrhoea management among under fives. Indian Pediatr 2004; 41: 255–260.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Banik GB, Pal TK, Mandal A, Chakraborty MS, Chakravarti SK. Dengue haemorrhagic fever in Calcutta. Indian Pediatr 1994; 31(6):685–687.PubMed Banik GB, Pal TK, Mandal A, Chakraborty MS, Chakravarti SK. Dengue haemorrhagic fever in Calcutta. Indian Pediatr 1994; 31(6):685–687.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Basu K, Das PK, Mondal T, Nandy A, Bhowmick PK, Addy M. Resurgence of malaria in Calcutta in 1995: a hospital based study. Indian J Public Health 1998; 42(2):50–52.PubMed Basu K, Das PK, Mondal T, Nandy A, Bhowmick PK, Addy M. Resurgence of malaria in Calcutta in 1995: a hospital based study. Indian J Public Health 1998; 42(2):50–52.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Basu A, Garg P, Datta S, Chakraborty S, Bhattacharya T, Khan A, et al. Vibrio cholerae O139 in Calcutta, 1992–1998: incidence, antibiograms, and genotypes. Emerg Infect Dis 2000; 6(2):139–147.PubMedCrossRef Basu A, Garg P, Datta S, Chakraborty S, Bhattacharya T, Khan A, et al. Vibrio cholerae O139 in Calcutta, 1992–1998: incidence, antibiograms, and genotypes. Emerg Infect Dis 2000; 6(2):139–147.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bhattacharjee N, Mukherjee KK, Chakravarti SK, Mukherjee MK, De PN, Sengupta M, et al. Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) outbreak in Calcutta-1990. J Commun Dis 1993; 25(1):10–14.PubMed Bhattacharjee N, Mukherjee KK, Chakravarti SK, Mukherjee MK, De PN, Sengupta M, et al. Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) outbreak in Calcutta-1990. J Commun Dis 1993; 25(1):10–14.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Bhattacharya S, Sharma C, Dhiman RC, Mitra AP. Climate change and malaria in India. Current Science 2006; 90(3): 369–375. Bhattacharya S, Sharma C, Dhiman RC, Mitra AP. Climate change and malaria in India. Current Science 2006; 90(3): 369–375.
Zurück zum Zitat Bhattacharya SK, Bhattacharya MK, Dutta D, Garg S, Mukhopadhyay AK, Deb M, Moitra A, Nair GB. Vibrio cholerae O139 in Calcutta. Arch Dis Child 1994; 71:161–162.PubMedCrossRef Bhattacharya SK, Bhattacharya MK, Dutta D, Garg S, Mukhopadhyay AK, Deb M, Moitra A, Nair GB. Vibrio cholerae O139 in Calcutta. Arch Dis Child 1994; 71:161–162.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bigio AG. Cities and climate change. A background paper for World Development Report, 2002. Bigio AG. Cities and climate change. A background paper for World Development Report, 2002.
Zurück zum Zitat Burkart K, Gruebner O, Khan MMH, Staffeld R (2008). Megacity Dhaka: urban environment, informal settlements and public health. Geographische Rundschau International Edition 4, 4–10. Burkart K, Gruebner O, Khan MMH, Staffeld R (2008). Megacity Dhaka: urban environment, informal settlements and public health. Geographische Rundschau International Edition 4, 4–10.
Zurück zum Zitat Campbell-Lendrum D, Corvalan C. Climate change and developing-country cities: implications for environmental health and equity. Journal of Urban Health 2007; 84(1):i109-i117.PubMedCrossRef Campbell-Lendrum D, Corvalan C. Climate change and developing-country cities: implications for environmental health and equity. Journal of Urban Health 2007; 84(1):i109-i117.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Chattopadhyay O, Sengupta G. Review of trends of malaria in an urban community of Calcutta during 1984–1997. J Indian Med Assoc 2000; 98(10):615–618. Chattopadhyay O, Sengupta G. Review of trends of malaria in an urban community of Calcutta during 1984–1997. J Indian Med Assoc 2000; 98(10):615–618.
Zurück zum Zitat Chowdhury AQ, Miah RA, Akhtar N, Jubayer SM. Seroprevalence of dengue infections amongst the children. Mymensingh Med J. 2004;13(1):59–62.PubMed Chowdhury AQ, Miah RA, Akhtar N, Jubayer SM. Seroprevalence of dengue infections amongst the children. Mymensingh Med J. 2004;13(1):59–62.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Costello A, Abbas M, Allen A et al. Managing the health effects of climate change. Lancet 2009; 373:1693–1733.PubMedCrossRef Costello A, Abbas M, Allen A et al. Managing the health effects of climate change. Lancet 2009; 373:1693–1733.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Curriero FC, Patz JA, Rose JB, Lele S. The association between extreme precipitation and waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States, 1984–1994. Am J Public Health 2001; 91(8):1194–1199.PubMedCrossRef Curriero FC, Patz JA, Rose JB, Lele S. The association between extreme precipitation and waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States, 1984–1994. Am J Public Health 2001; 91(8):1194–1199.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Daily Times Monitor. First report of Karachi’s largest dengue epidemic published by AKU. Daily Times, Monday, August 20, 2007. Daily Times Monitor. First report of Karachi’s largest dengue epidemic published by AKU. Daily Times, Monday, August 20, 2007.
Zurück zum Zitat Dar L, Broor S, Sengupta S, Xess I, Seth P. The first major outbreak of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Delhi, India. Emerg Infec Dis 1999; 5(4):589–590.PubMedCrossRef Dar L, Broor S, Sengupta S, Xess I, Seth P. The first major outbreak of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Delhi, India. Emerg Infec Dis 1999; 5(4):589–590.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Datta KK, Bandyopadhyay S, Khanna KK, Banerjee K. Epidemiological features of cholera outbreak in Delhi in 1988. J Commun Dis 1993; 25(2):57–61.PubMed Datta KK, Bandyopadhyay S, Khanna KK, Banerjee K. Epidemiological features of cholera outbreak in Delhi in 1988. J Commun Dis 1993; 25(2):57–61.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Deen JL, Seidlein L, Sur D, Agtini M, Lucas MES, Lopez AL, et al. The high burden of cholera in children: comparison of incidence from endemic areas in Asia and Africa. PloS Negl Trop Dis 2(2): e173. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000173PubMedCrossRef Deen JL, Seidlein L, Sur D, Agtini M, Lucas MES, Lopez AL, et al. The high burden of cholera in children: comparison of incidence from endemic areas in Asia and Africa. PloS Negl Trop Dis 2(2): e173. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000173PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Dutta S, Dutta D, Dutta P, Matsushita S, Bhattacharya SK, Yoshida SI. Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1. Calcutta, India. Emerg Infect Dis 2003; 9(8):1471–1474.PubMedCrossRef Dutta S, Dutta D, Dutta P, Matsushita S, Bhattacharya SK, Yoshida SI. Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1. Calcutta, India. Emerg Infect Dis 2003; 9(8):1471–1474.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Epstein PR. Climate change and emerging infectious diseases. Microbes Infect 2001; 3(9):747–54.PubMedCrossRef Epstein PR. Climate change and emerging infectious diseases. Microbes Infect 2001; 3(9):747–54.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Faruque SM, Chowdhury N, Kamruzzaman M, Ahmad QS, Faruque ASG, Salam MA, Ramamurthy R, Nair GB, Weintraub A, Sack DA. Reemergence of epidemic vibrio cholerae O139, Bangladesh. Emerg Infect Dis 2003; 9(9):1116–1122.PubMedCrossRef Faruque SM, Chowdhury N, Kamruzzaman M, Ahmad QS, Faruque ASG, Salam MA, Ramamurthy R, Nair GB, Weintraub A, Sack DA. Reemergence of epidemic vibrio cholerae O139, Bangladesh. Emerg Infect Dis 2003; 9(9):1116–1122.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Garg MR, Gogtay NJ, Kotwani RN, Bodhe PV, Kshirsagar NA. Resurgence of malaria in Mumbai- is escalating chloroquine resistance a cause? J Assoc Physicians India 1999; 47(4):377–379. Garg MR, Gogtay NJ, Kotwani RN, Bodhe PV, Kshirsagar NA. Resurgence of malaria in Mumbai- is escalating chloroquine resistance a cause? J Assoc Physicians India 1999; 47(4):377–379.
Zurück zum Zitat Greer A, Ng V, Fisman D. Climate change and infectious diseases in North America: the road ahead. CMAJ 2008; 178(6):715–22.PubMed Greer A, Ng V, Fisman D. Climate change and infectious diseases in North America: the road ahead. CMAJ 2008; 178(6):715–22.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Grimm NB, Faeth SH, Golubiewski NE, Redman CL, Wu J, Bai X, Briggs JM. Global change and the ecology of cities. Science 2008; 319:756–760.CrossRef Grimm NB, Faeth SH, Golubiewski NE, Redman CL, Wu J, Bai X, Briggs JM. Global change and the ecology of cities. Science 2008; 319:756–760.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gupta E, Dar L, Narang P, Srivastava VK, Broor S. Serodiagnosis of dengue during an outbreak at a tertiary care hospital in Delhi. Indian J Med Res 2005; 121:36–38.PubMed Gupta E, Dar L, Narang P, Srivastava VK, Broor S. Serodiagnosis of dengue during an outbreak at a tertiary care hospital in Delhi. Indian J Med Res 2005; 121:36–38.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Hasan S, Khan MA. Community-based environmental management in a megacity: considering Calcutta. Cities 1999; 16(2):103–110.CrossRef Hasan S, Khan MA. Community-based environmental management in a megacity: considering Calcutta. Cities 1999; 16(2):103–110.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hashizume M, Armstrong B, Hajat S, Wagatsuma Y, Faruque ASG, Hayashi T, Sack DA. Association between climate variability and hospital visits for non-cholera diarrhoea in Bangladesh: effects and vulnerable groups. Int J Epidemiol 2007; 36:1030–1037.PubMedCrossRef Hashizume M, Armstrong B, Hajat S, Wagatsuma Y, Faruque ASG, Hayashi T, Sack DA. Association between climate variability and hospital visits for non-cholera diarrhoea in Bangladesh: effects and vulnerable groups. Int J Epidemiol 2007; 36:1030–1037.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hashizume M, Armstrong B, Hajat S, Wagatsuma Y, Faruque AS, Hayashi T, Sack DA. The effect of rainfall on the incidence of cholera in Bangladesh. Epidemiology 2008a; 19:103–111.PubMedCrossRef Hashizume M, Armstrong B, Hajat S, Wagatsuma Y, Faruque AS, Hayashi T, Sack DA. The effect of rainfall on the incidence of cholera in Bangladesh. Epidemiology 2008a; 19:103–111.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hashizume M, Armstrong B, Wagatsuma Y, Faruque ASG, Hayashi T, Sack DA. Rotavirus infections and climate variability in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a time-series analysis. Epidemiol Infect 2008b; 136:1281–1289. Hashizume M, Armstrong B, Wagatsuma Y, Faruque ASG, Hayashi T, Sack DA. Rotavirus infections and climate variability in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a time-series analysis. Epidemiol Infect 2008b; 136:1281–1289.
Zurück zum Zitat Hati AK. Studies on dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) in West Bengal State, India. J Commun Dis 2006; 38(2):124–129.PubMed Hati AK. Studies on dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) in West Bengal State, India. J Commun Dis 2006; 38(2):124–129.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Hess JJ, Malilay JN, Parkinson AJ. Climate change: the importance of place. Am J Prev Med 2008; 35:468–78.PubMedCrossRef Hess JJ, Malilay JN, Parkinson AJ. Climate change: the importance of place. Am J Prev Med 2008; 35:468–78.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hunter PR. Climate change and waterborne and vector-borne disease. J Applied Microbiol 2003; 94:37 S-46 S.CrossRef Hunter PR. Climate change and waterborne and vector-borne disease. J Applied Microbiol 2003; 94:37 S-46 S.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Huq S, Rahman A, Konate M, Sokona Y, Reid H. Mainstreaming adaptation to climate change in least developed countries (LDCs). London: International Institute for Environment and Development, 2003. Huq S, Rahman A, Konate M, Sokona Y, Reid H. Mainstreaming adaptation to climate change in least developed countries (LDCs). London: International Institute for Environment and Development, 2003.
Zurück zum Zitat IPCC. Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, Pachauri, R.K and Reisinger, A. (eds.)]. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 2007. IPCC. Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, Pachauri, R.K and Reisinger, A. (eds.)]. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 2007.
Zurück zum Zitat Islam MA, Ahmed MU, Begum N, Chowdhury NA, Khan AH, Parquet MC, Bipolo S, Inoue S, Hasebe F, Suzuki Y, Morita K. Molecular characterization and clinical evaluation of dengue outbreak in 2002 in Bangladesh. Jpn J Infect Dis 2006; 59:85–91.PubMed Islam MA, Ahmed MU, Begum N, Chowdhury NA, Khan AH, Parquet MC, Bipolo S, Inoue S, Hasebe F, Suzuki Y, Morita K. Molecular characterization and clinical evaluation of dengue outbreak in 2002 in Bangladesh. Jpn J Infect Dis 2006; 59:85–91.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Jabeen K, Hasan T. Re-emergence of Vibrio cholerae O139 in Pakistan: report from a tertiary care hospital. J Pak Med Assoc 2003; 53(8):335–8.PubMed Jabeen K, Hasan T. Re-emergence of Vibrio cholerae O139 in Pakistan: report from a tertiary care hospital. J Pak Med Assoc 2003; 53(8):335–8.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Jamil B, Hasan R, Zafar A, Bewley K, Chamberlain J, Mioulet V, Rowlands M, Hewson R. Dengue virus serotype 3, Karachi, Pakistan. Emerg Infect Dis 2007; 13(1):182–183.PubMedCrossRef Jamil B, Hasan R, Zafar A, Bewley K, Chamberlain J, Mioulet V, Rowlands M, Hewson R. Dengue virus serotype 3, Karachi, Pakistan. Emerg Infect Dis 2007; 13(1):182–183.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Karande S, Ghandi D, Kulkarni M, Bharadwaj R, Pol S, Thakare J, De A. Concurrent outbreak of leptospirosis and dengue in Mumbai, India, 2002. J Trop Pediatr 2005; 51(3):174–181.PubMedCrossRef Karande S, Ghandi D, Kulkarni M, Bharadwaj R, Pol S, Thakare J, De A. Concurrent outbreak of leptospirosis and dengue in Mumbai, India, 2002. J Trop Pediatr 2005; 51(3):174–181.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kazmi JH, Pandit K. Disease and dislocation: the impact of refugee movements on the geography of malaria in NWFP, Pakistan. Soc Sci Med 2001; 52:1043–1055.PubMedCrossRef Kazmi JH, Pandit K. Disease and dislocation: the impact of refugee movements on the geography of malaria in NWFP, Pakistan. Soc Sci Med 2001; 52:1043–1055.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Khan MA, Mekan SF, Abbas Z, Smego RA Jr. Concurrent malaria and enteric fever in Pakistan. Singapore Med J 2005; 46(11):635–638.PubMed Khan MA, Mekan SF, Abbas Z, Smego RA Jr. Concurrent malaria and enteric fever in Pakistan. Singapore Med J 2005; 46(11):635–638.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Khan MA, Smego RA Jr., Razi ST, Beg MA. Emerging drug- resistance and guidelines for treatment of malaria. Med Today 2006; 4(3):81–87. Khan MA, Smego RA Jr., Razi ST, Beg MA. Emerging drug- resistance and guidelines for treatment of malaria. Med Today 2006; 4(3):81–87.
Zurück zum Zitat Khan E, Siddiqui J, Shakoor S, Mehraj V, Jamil B, Hasan R. Dengue outbreak in Karachi, Pakistan, 2006: experience at a tertiary care center. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2007;101(11):1114–9.PubMedCrossRef Khan E, Siddiqui J, Shakoor S, Mehraj V, Jamil B, Hasan R. Dengue outbreak in Karachi, Pakistan, 2006: experience at a tertiary care center. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2007;101(11):1114–9.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Khan TM, Quadir DA, Murty TS, Sarker MA. Seasonal and interannual sea surface temperature variability in the coastal cities of Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal. Natural Hazards 2004; 31:549–560.CrossRef Khan TM, Quadir DA, Murty TS, Sarker MA. Seasonal and interannual sea surface temperature variability in the coastal cities of Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal. Natural Hazards 2004; 31:549–560.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Khanna KK, Dhanvijay A, Riley LW, Sehgal S, Kumari S. Cholera outbreak in Delhi-1988. J Commun Dis 1990; 22(1):35–38.PubMed Khanna KK, Dhanvijay A, Riley LW, Sehgal S, Kumari S. Cholera outbreak in Delhi-1988. J Commun Dis 1990; 22(1):35–38.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Khasnis AA, Nettleman MD. Global warming and infectious disease. Arch Med Res 2005; 36(6):689–96.PubMedCrossRef Khasnis AA, Nettleman MD. Global warming and infectious disease. Arch Med Res 2005; 36(6):689–96.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kothari G. Diarrhoea in urban slums: Bombay. Dialogue Diarrhoea 1987; 31:4–5.PubMed Kothari G. Diarrhoea in urban slums: Bombay. Dialogue Diarrhoea 1987; 31:4–5.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Kovats S and Akhtar R. Climate, climate change and human health in Asian cities. Environ Urban 2008; 20(1):165–175.CrossRef Kovats S and Akhtar R. Climate, climate change and human health in Asian cities. Environ Urban 2008; 20(1):165–175.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kumat V. Resurgence of malaria in Bombay (Mumbai) in the 1990s: a historical perspective. Parassitologia 2000; 42(1–2):135–148. Kumat V. Resurgence of malaria in Bombay (Mumbai) in the 1990s: a historical perspective. Parassitologia 2000; 42(1–2):135–148.
Zurück zum Zitat Lipp EK, Huq A, Colwell RR. Effects of global climate on infectious disease: the cholera model. Clin Microbiol Rev 2002; 15(4):757–70.PubMedCrossRef Lipp EK, Huq A, Colwell RR. Effects of global climate on infectious disease: the cholera model. Clin Microbiol Rev 2002; 15(4):757–70.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lobitz B, Beck L, Huq A, Wood B, Fuchs G, Faruque ASG, Colwell R. Climate and infectious disease: use of remote sensing for detection of Vibrio cholerae by indirect measurement. Science 2000; 97(4):1438–1443. Lobitz B, Beck L, Huq A, Wood B, Fuchs G, Faruque ASG, Colwell R. Climate and infectious disease: use of remote sensing for detection of Vibrio cholerae by indirect measurement. Science 2000; 97(4):1438–1443.
Zurück zum Zitat Mandal B, Mitra NK, Mukhopadhyay AK, Mukherjee H, Hati AK. Emerging plasmodium falciparum in an endemic area in Calcutta. J Indian Med Assoc 1998; 96(11):328–329.PubMed Mandal B, Mitra NK, Mukhopadhyay AK, Mukherjee H, Hati AK. Emerging plasmodium falciparum in an endemic area in Calcutta. J Indian Med Assoc 1998; 96(11):328–329.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat McGeehin MA, Mirabelli M. The potential impacts of climate variability and change on temperature-related morbidity and mortality in the United States. Environ Health Perspect 2001; 109(suppl 2): 185–189.PubMedCrossRef McGeehin MA, Mirabelli M. The potential impacts of climate variability and change on temperature-related morbidity and mortality in the United States. Environ Health Perspect 2001; 109(suppl 2): 185–189.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Mitchell T, Tanner T. Adapting to climate change: challenges and opportunities for the development community. Institute of Development Studies, Tearfund, UK, 2006 (www.ids.ac.uk/ids). Mitchell T, Tanner T. Adapting to climate change: challenges and opportunities for the development community. Institute of Development Studies, Tearfund, UK, 2006 (www.​ids.​ac.​uk/​ids).
Zurück zum Zitat Mukhopadhyay AK, Karmakar P, Hati AK, Dey P. Recent epidemiological status of malaria in Calcutta Municipal Corporation area, West Bengal. Indian J Malariol 1997; 34(4):188–196.PubMed Mukhopadhyay AK, Karmakar P, Hati AK, Dey P. Recent epidemiological status of malaria in Calcutta Municipal Corporation area, West Bengal. Indian J Malariol 1997; 34(4):188–196.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Nagdeve DA. Environmental pollution and control: a case study of Delhi megacity. Popul Environ 2004; 25(5): 461–473.CrossRef Nagdeve DA. Environmental pollution and control: a case study of Delhi megacity. Popul Environ 2004; 25(5): 461–473.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Nalin DR, Mahood F, Rathor H, Muttalib A, Sakai R, Chowdhry MA, Safdar G, ul Huq I, Munir M, Suleiman M et al. A point survey of periurban and urban malaria in Karachi. J Trop Med Hyg 1985; 88(1):7–15.PubMed Nalin DR, Mahood F, Rathor H, Muttalib A, Sakai R, Chowdhry MA, Safdar G, ul Huq I, Munir M, Suleiman M et al. A point survey of periurban and urban malaria in Karachi. J Trop Med Hyg 1985; 88(1):7–15.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Nandy A, Addy M, Maji AK, Bandyopadhyay AK. Monitoring the chloroquine sensitivity of Plasmodium vivax from Calcutta and Orissa, India. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2003; 97(3):215–220.PubMedCrossRef Nandy A, Addy M, Maji AK, Bandyopadhyay AK. Monitoring the chloroquine sensitivity of Plasmodium vivax from Calcutta and Orissa, India. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2003; 97(3):215–220.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Nicholls, RJ. Coastal megacities and climate change. GeoJournal 1995; 37(3): 369–379.CrossRef Nicholls, RJ. Coastal megacities and climate change. GeoJournal 1995; 37(3): 369–379.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Nishio O, Matsui K, Oka T, Ushijima H, Mubina A, Dure-Samin A, Isomura S. Rotavirus infection among infants with diarrhoea in Pakistan. Pediatr Int 2000; 42(4):425–7.PubMedCrossRef Nishio O, Matsui K, Oka T, Ushijima H, Mubina A, Dure-Samin A, Isomura S. Rotavirus infection among infants with diarrhoea in Pakistan. Pediatr Int 2000; 42(4):425–7.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Pascual M, Rodo X, Ellner SP, Colwell R, Bouma MJ. Cholera dynamics and El Nino-Southern Oscillation. Science 2000; 289:1766–1769.PubMedCrossRef Pascual M, Rodo X, Ellner SP, Colwell R, Bouma MJ. Cholera dynamics and El Nino-Southern Oscillation. Science 2000; 289:1766–1769.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Patz JA, Olson SH. Climate change and health: global to local influences on disease risk. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2006; 100(5–6):535–49.PubMedCrossRef Patz JA, Olson SH. Climate change and health: global to local influences on disease risk. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2006; 100(5–6):535–49.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Paul RE, Patel AY, Mirza S, Fisher-Hoch SP, Luby SP. Expansion of epidemic dengue viral infections to Pakistan. Int J Infect Dis. 1998; 2(4):197–201.PubMedCrossRef Paul RE, Patel AY, Mirza S, Fisher-Hoch SP, Luby SP. Expansion of epidemic dengue viral infections to Pakistan. Int J Infect Dis. 1998; 2(4):197–201.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Perveen A, Qaiser M, Sad-ul-Islam M. Airborne pollen survey of Karachi and adjacent areas in relation to allergy. World Applied Sci J 2007; 2(4):289–298. Perveen A, Qaiser M, Sad-ul-Islam M. Airborne pollen survey of Karachi and adjacent areas in relation to allergy. World Applied Sci J 2007; 2(4):289–298.
Zurück zum Zitat Podder G, Breiman RF, Azim T, Thu HM, Velathanthiri N, Mai LQ, Lowry K, Aaskov JG. Origin of dengue type 3 viruses associated with the dengue outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh in 2000 and 2001. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2006; 74(2):263–265.PubMed Podder G, Breiman RF, Azim T, Thu HM, Velathanthiri N, Mai LQ, Lowry K, Aaskov JG. Origin of dengue type 3 viruses associated with the dengue outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh in 2000 and 2001. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2006; 74(2):263–265.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Pramanik MK, Aditya G, Raut SK. Seasonal prevalence of Aedes aegypti immatures in Kolkata, India. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2007; 38(3):442–427.PubMed Pramanik MK, Aditya G, Raut SK. Seasonal prevalence of Aedes aegypti immatures in Kolkata, India. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2007; 38(3):442–427.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Quadir DA, Shrestha ML, Khan TMA, Ferdousi N, Rahman M, Mannan A. Variations of surface air temperature over the land areas in and around the Bay of Bengal. Natural Hazards 2004; 31:561–584.CrossRef Quadir DA, Shrestha ML, Khan TMA, Ferdousi N, Rahman M, Mannan A. Variations of surface air temperature over the land areas in and around the Bay of Bengal. Natural Hazards 2004; 31:561–584.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Qureshi JA, Notta NJ, Salahuddin N, Zaman V, Khan JA. An epidemic of Dengue fever in Karachi--associated clinical manifestations. J Pak Med Assoc 1997; 47(7):178–81.PubMed Qureshi JA, Notta NJ, Salahuddin N, Zaman V, Khan JA. An epidemic of Dengue fever in Karachi--associated clinical manifestations. J Pak Med Assoc 1997; 47(7):178–81.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Rahman M, Rahman K, Siddque AK, Shoma S, Kamal AHM, Ali KS, Nisaluk A, Breiman RF. First outbreak of dengue hemorrhagic fever, Bangladesh. Emerg Infect Dis 2002; 8(7):738–740.PubMedCrossRef Rahman M, Rahman K, Siddque AK, Shoma S, Kamal AHM, Ali KS, Nisaluk A, Breiman RF. First outbreak of dengue hemorrhagic fever, Bangladesh. Emerg Infect Dis 2002; 8(7):738–740.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ratho RK, Mishra B, Kaur J, Kakkar N, Sharma K. An outbreak of dengue fever in periurban slums of Chandigarh, India, with special reference to entomological and climatic factors. Indian J Med Sci 2005; 59(12):519–527.CrossRef Ratho RK, Mishra B, Kaur J, Kakkar N, Sharma K. An outbreak of dengue fever in periurban slums of Chandigarh, India, with special reference to entomological and climatic factors. Indian J Med Sci 2005; 59(12):519–527.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Revi A. Climate change risk: an adaptation and mitigation agenda for Indian cities. Environ Urban 2008; 20(1):207–229.CrossRef Revi A. Climate change risk: an adaptation and mitigation agenda for Indian cities. Environ Urban 2008; 20(1):207–229.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Rodo X, Pascual M, Fuchs G, Faruque ASG. ENSO and cholera: a nonstationary link related to climate change? PNAS 2002; 99(2):12901–12906.PubMedCrossRef Rodo X, Pascual M, Fuchs G, Faruque ASG. ENSO and cholera: a nonstationary link related to climate change? PNAS 2002; 99(2):12901–12906.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sajjad SH, Hussain B, Khan MA, Raza A, Zaman B, Ahmed I. On rising temperature trends of Karachi in Pakistan. Climate Change 2009; 96:539–547. Sajjad SH, Hussain B, Khan MA, Raza A, Zaman B, Ahmed I. On rising temperature trends of Karachi in Pakistan. Climate Change 2009; 96:539–547.
Zurück zum Zitat Schwartz BS, Harris JB, Khan AI, Larocque RC, Sack DA, Malek MA, Faruque ASG, Qadri F, Calderwood SB, Luby SP, Ryan ET. Diarrhoeal epidemics in Dhaka, Bangladesh, during three consecutive floods: 1988, 1998, and 2004. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2006; 74(6):1067–1073.PubMed Schwartz BS, Harris JB, Khan AI, Larocque RC, Sack DA, Malek MA, Faruque ASG, Qadri F, Calderwood SB, Luby SP, Ryan ET. Diarrhoeal epidemics in Dhaka, Bangladesh, during three consecutive floods: 1988, 1998, and 2004. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2006; 74(6):1067–1073.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Shah I, Deshpande GC, Tardeja PN. Outbreak of dengue in Mumbai and predictive markers for dengue shock syndrome. J Trop Pediatr 2004; 50(5):301–305.PubMedCrossRef Shah I, Deshpande GC, Tardeja PN. Outbreak of dengue in Mumbai and predictive markers for dengue shock syndrome. J Trop Pediatr 2004; 50(5):301–305.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sharma NC, Mandal PK, Dhillon R, Jain M. Changing profile of Vibrio cholerae O1, O139 in Delhi and its periphery (2003–2005). Indian J Med Res 2007; 125: 633–640.PubMed Sharma NC, Mandal PK, Dhillon R, Jain M. Changing profile of Vibrio cholerae O1, O139 in Delhi and its periphery (2003–2005). Indian J Med Res 2007; 125: 633–640.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Sheikh A, Khan A, Malik T, Fisher-Hoch SP. Cholera in a developing megacity; Karachi, Pakistan. Epidemiol Infect 1997; 119(3):287–92.PubMedCrossRef Sheikh A, Khan A, Malik T, Fisher-Hoch SP. Cholera in a developing megacity; Karachi, Pakistan. Epidemiol Infect 1997; 119(3):287–92.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Singh J, Bora D, Sharma RS, Khanna KK, Verghese T. Epidemiology of cholera in Delhi-1992. J Trop Pediatr 1995; 41(3):139–142.PubMedCrossRef Singh J, Bora D, Sharma RS, Khanna KK, Verghese T. Epidemiology of cholera in Delhi-1992. J Trop Pediatr 1995; 41(3):139–142.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Suleman M. Malaria in Afghan refugees in Pakistan. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1988; 82(1):44–47.PubMedCrossRef Suleman M. Malaria in Afghan refugees in Pakistan. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1988; 82(1):44–47.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sur D, Deen JL, Manna B, et al. The burden of cholera in the slums of Kolkata, India: data from a prospective, community based study. Arch Dis Child 2005; 90:1175–1181.PubMedCrossRef Sur D, Deen JL, Manna B, et al. The burden of cholera in the slums of Kolkata, India: data from a prospective, community based study. Arch Dis Child 2005; 90:1175–1181.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sur D, Sarkar BL, Manna B, Deen J, et al. Epidemiological, microbiological and electron microscopic study of a cholera outbreak in a slum community. Indian J Med Res 2006; 123:31–36.PubMed Sur D, Sarkar BL, Manna B, Deen J, et al. Epidemiological, microbiological and electron microscopic study of a cholera outbreak in a slum community. Indian J Med Res 2006; 123:31–36.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Sutherst RW. Global change and human vulnerability to vector-borne diseases. Clin Microbiol Rev 2004; 17(1):136–173.PubMedCrossRef Sutherst RW. Global change and human vulnerability to vector-borne diseases. Clin Microbiol Rev 2004; 17(1):136–173.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Tandon N, Raychoudhury S. Reinvasion of Calcutta city by Aedes albopictus: the proven vector of dengue in suburban areas. Indian J Public Health 1998; 42(1):24–25.PubMed Tandon N, Raychoudhury S. Reinvasion of Calcutta city by Aedes albopictus: the proven vector of dengue in suburban areas. Indian J Public Health 1998; 42(1):24–25.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Tikar SN, Mendki MJ, Chandel K, Parashar BD, Prakash S. Susceptibility of immature stages of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti; vector of dengue and chikungunya to insecticides from India. Parasitol Res 2008; 102(5):907–913.PubMedCrossRef Tikar SN, Mendki MJ, Chandel K, Parashar BD, Prakash S. Susceptibility of immature stages of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti; vector of dengue and chikungunya to insecticides from India. Parasitol Res 2008; 102(5):907–913.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat United Nations: World Urbanization Prospects. The 2007 Revision: Executive Summary. New York, 2008. United Nations: World Urbanization Prospects. The 2007 Revision: Executive Summary. New York, 2008.
Zurück zum Zitat Wagatsuma Y, Breiman RF, Hossain A, Rahman M. Dengue fever outbreak in a recreation club, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Emerg Infect Dis 2004; 10(4):747–750.PubMedCrossRef Wagatsuma Y, Breiman RF, Hossain A, Rahman M. Dengue fever outbreak in a recreation club, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Emerg Infect Dis 2004; 10(4):747–750.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat WHO. Climate change and human health-risks and responses. Geneva: WHO, 2003. WHO. Climate change and human health-risks and responses. Geneva: WHO, 2003.
Zurück zum Zitat Yunus EB, Bangali AM, Mahmood MAH, Rahman MM, Chowdhury AR, Talukder KR. Dengue outbreak 2000 in Bangladesh: from speculation to reality and exercises. Dengue Bulletin 2001; 25:15–20. Yunus EB, Bangali AM, Mahmood MAH, Rahman MM, Chowdhury AR, Talukder KR. Dengue outbreak 2000 in Bangladesh: from speculation to reality and exercises. Dengue Bulletin 2001; 25:15–20.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang Y, Bi P, Hiller JE. Climate change and the transmission of vector-borne diseases: a review. Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health 2008; 20(1):64–76.PubMedCrossRef Zhang Y, Bi P, Hiller JE. Climate change and the transmission of vector-borne diseases: a review. Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health 2008; 20(1):64–76.PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Climate Change and Infectious Diseases in Megacities of the Indian Subcontinent: A Literature Review
verfasst von
Md. Mobarak Hossain Khan
Alexander Krämer
Luise Prüfer-Krämer
Copyright-Jahr
2011
Verlag
Physica-Verlag HD
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-2733-0_9