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1986 | Buch

Scattering by Obstacles

verfasst von: Alexander G. Ramm

Verlag: Springer Netherlands

Buchreihe : Mathematics and Its Applications

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Über dieses Buch

Approach your problems from the right end It isn't that they can't see the solution. It is and begin with the answers. Then one day, that they can't see the problem. perhaps you will find the final question. G. K. Chesterton. The Scandal of Father 'The Hermit Clad in Crane Feathers' in R. Brown 'The point of a Pin'. van Gulik's The Chinese Maze Murders. Growing specialization and diversification have brought a host of monographs and textbooks on increasingly specialized topics. However, the "tree" of knowledge of mathematics and related fields does not grow only by putting forth new branches. It also happens, quite often in fact, that branches which were thought to be completely disparate are suddenly seen to be related. Further, the kind and level of sophistication of mathematics applied in various sciences has changed drastically in recent years: measure theory is used (non­ trivially) in regional and theoretical economics; algebraic geometry interacts with physics; the Minkowsky lemma, coding theory and the structure of water meet one another in packing and covering theory; quantum fields, crystal defects and mathematical programming profit from homotopy theory; Lie algebras are relevant to filtering; and prediction and electrical engineering can use Stein spaces. And in addition to this there are such new emerging subdisciplines as "experimental mathematics", "CFD", "completely integrable systems", "chaos, synergetics and large-scale order", which are almost impossible to fit into the existing classification schemes. They draw upon widely different sections of mathematics.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
Introduction
Abstract
In the preface the topic of this book was described. Consider the problem
$$\left( {{\nabla ^{\text{2}}}{\text{ + }}{k^{\text{2}}}} \right)u{\mkern 1mu} {\text{ = }}{\mkern 1mu} 0in\Omega ,k > 0,\Omega \subset {R^3}$$
(1)
$$u = 0{\text{ }}on{\text{ }}\Gamma {\mkern 1mu} = {\mkern 1mu} \partial \Omega ,$$
(2)
$$u{\text{ = }}{u_{()}}{\text{ + }}v{\text{,}}$$
(3)
where
$${u_{()}}{\mkern 1mu} = {\mkern 1mu} \exp {\mkern 1mu} \left\{ { - ikn \cdot{\mkern 1mu} x{\mkern 1mu} } \right\}$$
(4)
$$r{\mkern 1mu} \left( {\frac{{\partial v}}{{\partial r}}{\mkern 1mu} - {\mkern 1mu} ikv} \right){\mkern 1mu} \to {\mkern 1mu} 0,{\mkern 1mu} r{\mkern 1mu} = {\mkern 1mu} \left| x \right|{\mkern 1mu} \to {\mkern 1mu} \infty .$$
(5)
Alexander G. Ramm
Chapter I. Scattering by an Obstacle
Abstract
In this section we introduce some notations, formulate some properties of the potentials of the single and double layers, and discuss the integral equations for solving the exterior boundary value problem (0.20) resulting from Green’s formula. This discussion is a preliminary step in a study of the solvability of the problem (0.20). The classical approach leads to integral equations which are not always solvable for some k. Therefore one wishes to derive some unconditionally solvable integral equations for solving (0.20), equations which are equivalent to the boundary value problem (0.20).
Alexander G. Ramm
Chapter II. The Inverse Scattering Problem
Abstract
The problem is to find the shape of the obstacle and the boundary condition on its surface Г from the scattering data. The surface Г may consist of several connected closed components.
Alexander G. Ramm
Chapter III. Time-Dependent Problems
Alexander G. Ramm
Chapter IV. The T-Matrix Scheme
Abstract
The Tk-matrix scheme for solving exterior boundary value problems and scattering problems has been popular for the last 25 years. Although many papers have been published on this method and its applications to acoustical electromagnetic and elastic wave scattering, the theoretical foundations of the method were given only in 1982 (Ramm [7]).
Alexander G. Ramm
Chapter V. Scattering by Small Bodies
Abstract
If the body D is small in comparison with the wave length, i.e. ka ≪ 1, where a is the characteristic dimension of D and k is the wave number, then one does not have to solve integral equations in order to find the scattering amplitude. The basic idea in this chapter is as follows: for small bodies the scattering amplitude depends on some functionals of the field on capacitances or polarizability tensors as we will see shortly. If ka ≪ 1 then one can find linear algebraic equations for these quantities. Let us illustrate this by an example.
Alexander G. Ramm
Chapter VI. Some Inverse Scattering Problems of Geophysics
Abstract
There are many problems in geophysics, optics, nondestructive testing and elsewhere in which a finite inhomogeneity in a homogeneous space is to be recovered from the measurements of a field scattered by the inhomogeneity. The field can be measured far away from the inhomogeneity or in some region which is not too far from the inhomogeneity. Several problems of this type are solved in this chapter. The problems are formulated in Sections 1–4. Section 1 deals with recovery of the refraction index (velocity profile) from the knowledge of the field on the plane for all positions of the source and receiver. Other problems of similar nature are also considered. Section 2 deals with the two-parameter inversion: both the density and velocity are recovered from the knowledge of the field for all positions of the source and receiver on the plane and for two distinct frequencies. In Section 1 the theory is exact, in Section 2 it is based on the first Born approximation. In Section 3 the three-dimensional inverse problem of the scattering theory by a potential is solved in the Born approximation. Section 4 deals with a model problem of induction logging theory.
Alexander G. Ramm
Chapter VII. Scattering by Obstacles with Infinite Boundaries
Abstract
Let DR3 be an infinite domain with infinite (non-compact) boundary Γ
Alexander G. Ramm
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Scattering by Obstacles
verfasst von
Alexander G. Ramm
Copyright-Jahr
1986
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Electronic ISBN
978-94-009-4544-9
Print ISBN
978-94-010-8521-2
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4544-9