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1993 | Buch

Practice of Petri Nets in Manufacturing

verfasst von: F. DiCesare, G. Harhalakis, J. M. Proth, M. Silva, F. B. Vernadat

Verlag: Springer Netherlands

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Über dieses Buch

M. Silva Significant changes have been occurring in industrialized countries since the Second World War. Production is moving towards sophisticated high­ qUality products, economy of scale has been replaced by economy of scope, jerky demands are progressively replacing steady demands, and competi­ tiveness is becoming a worldwide phenomenon. These trends require highly automated manufacturing systems with small set-up times and high flex­ ibility. As a consequence, implementation and running costs of modem manufacturing systems are drastically increasing, whereas their fields of application remain limited, and every day become even narrower, which increases the risk of early obsolescence. This is the reason why designers are trying to improve the preliminary design phase, also known as the 'paper study phase'. The preliminary design phase includes, but is not limited to, the func­ tional specification, and the evaluation of the system. Many tools exist to support the functional specification of manufactur­ ing systems. IDEFO is one of these tools. It leads, using a top-down ap­ proach, to a precise functional description of the required system. However, its use cannot be extended further. In general, the evaluation starts with a modeling step, which depends on the evaluation tool used, and ends by applying the model to find out its main dynamic characteristics. Two main approaches can be used to perform this task, namely simulation and math­ ematical approach. Using simulation, the modeling tool is either a classical computer language, or a simulation language.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
1. Introducing Petri nets
Abstract
Modern manufacturing systems are highly parallel and distributed. They need to be analyzed from qualitative and quantitative points of view. Qualitative analysis looks for properties like the absence of deadlocks, the absence of (store) overflows, or the presence of certain mutual exclusions in the use of shared resources (e.g. a robot). Its ultimate goal is to prove the correctness of the modeled system. Quantitative analysis looks for performance properties (e.g. throughput), responsiveness properties (e.g. average completion times) or utilization properties (e.g. average queue lengths or utilization rates). In other words, the quantitative analysis concerns the evaluation of the efficiency of the modeled system.
M. Silva
2. Principles of system modeling
Abstract
A manufacturing system is composed of two main parts: the physical system and the management system. Hereafter, the latter is also referred to as the control system or the decision-making system (DMS).
J. M. Proth
3. Synthesis for manufacturing systems integration
Abstract
The purpose of this chapter is to present and give examples for Petri net synthesis methods including bottom-up, top-down and hybrid techniques. Emphasis is placed on application of synthesis methods for the design and control of concurrent systems. Each section will present the techniques, illustrate them with a manufacturing systems example, and discuss the effect of the synthesis method on net properties such as liveness, boundedness and reversibility.
F. DiCesare, Mu Der Jeng
4. Performance evaluation of manufacturing systems
Abstract
Evaluating a manufacturing system consists of providing some information about its behavior, the most important information being the productivity of the system. According to the approach adopted in Chapter 2, we consider the cyclic production case and the general case separately. Within these two parts of the study, we will consider the deterministic case and the stochastic case. As the reader will see, the most important results are in the deterministic cyclic production case. We propose also an efficient approach for evaluating the productivity in the stochastic cyclic production case. The general case is more difficult to treat. Nevertheless, we propose a simple way to evaluate the system, assuming that the control is chosen and that the modules composing the system have been chosen in an adequate manner.
J. M. Proth
5. Petri nets for manufacturing information systems
Abstract
The information system is a central component of any manufacturing system in the sense that it provides support to its two other fundamental subsystems: the physical system (or operational system, i.e. where the physical actions take place using enterprise resources) and the decision system (i.e. where strategic and tactical decisions are made). The relationships among these three subsystems are illustrated by Fig. 5.1. While discussions of the previous chapters of the book are mainly concerned with modeling and analysis of the decision and physical systems of manufacturing, this chapter focuses more on the information system of a manufacturing enterprise.
G. Harhalakis, F. B. Vernadat
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Practice of Petri Nets in Manufacturing
verfasst von
F. DiCesare
G. Harhalakis
J. M. Proth
M. Silva
F. B. Vernadat
Copyright-Jahr
1993
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Electronic ISBN
978-94-011-6955-4
Print ISBN
978-94-011-6957-8
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6955-4