Skip to main content

Education ‘Home Delivery’ in Egypt

Private Tutoring and Social Stratification

  • Chapter
Private Tutoring Across the Mediterranean

Part of the book series: Comparative and International Education ((CIEDV))

Abstract

This chapter examines the relationship between private tutoring in the preuniversity education sector and social class dynamics in Egypt. During the last three decades, tutoring has become an integral feature of the Egyptian education system.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 49.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Abaza, M. (2006). The changing consumer cultures of modern Egypt: Cairo’s urban reshaping. Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adnett, N., & Davies, P. (2002). Education as a positional good: Implications for market-based reforms of state schooling. British Journal of Educational Studies, 50(2), 189–205.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al Khamissi, K. (2008). Taxi. Laverstock: Aflame Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Assaad, R., & Elbadawy, A. (2004). Private and group tutoring in Egypt: Where is the gender inequality? Conference paper, Estuarine Research Federation Conferences.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barsoum, G. (2004). The employment crisis of female graduates in Egypt: An ethnographic account. Cairo Papers in Social Science, 25(3), Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bourdieu, P., & Passeron, J.-C. (1971). Die Illusion der Chancengleichheit: Untersuchungen zur Soziologie des Bildungswesens am Beispiel Frankreichs. Stuttgart: Ernst Klett Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bray, M. (1999). The shadow education system: Private tutoring and its implications for planners. Paris: UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bray, M. (2003). Adverse effects of private supplementary tutoring: Dimensions, implications and government responses. Paris: UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bray, M. (2009). Confronting the shadow education system: What government policies for what private tutoring? Paris: UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bray, M. (2011). The challenge of shadow education: Private tutoring and its implications for policy makers in the European Union. Brussels: European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carr, S. (2008). Teachers continue protest against ‘humiliating’ exams. Daily News Egypt, 31.08.2008. Accessed online on 24.09.08 at: http://www.thedailynewsegypt.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=16138

  • Cochran, J. (1986). Education in Egypt. London: Croom Helm.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Koning, A. (2009). Global dreams: Class, gender, and public space in cosmopolitan Cairo. Cairo, New York: The American University in Cairo Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Denis, E. (2006). Cairo as a neoliberal capital? From walled city to gated communities. In D. Singerman & P. Amar (Eds.), Cairo cosmopolitan: Politics, culture, and urban space in the new globalized Middle East. Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • EHDR. (2005). Choosing our future: Towards a new social contract. Egypt Human Development Report. Cairo: UNDP and The Institute of National Planning.

    Google Scholar 

  • El-Tawila, S., Lloyd, C., Mensch, B., Wassef, H., Gamal, Z., Clark, W., & Sakr, R. (2000). The school environment in Egypt: A situational analysis of public preparatory schools. Cairo: Population Council.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farag, I. (2006). A great vocation, a modest profession: Teachers’ paths and practices. In L. Herrera & C. A. Torres (Eds.), Cultures of Arab schooling: Critical ethnographies from Egypt. Albany: SUNY Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fergany, N. (1994). Survey of access to primary education and acquisition of basic literacy skills in three governorates in Egypt. Cairo: UNICEF, Almishkat Centre for Research and Training.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frank, R. (1985). Choosing the right pond: Human behavior and the quest for status. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hargreaves, E. (1997). The diploma disease in Egypt: Learning, teaching and the monster of the secondary leaving certificate. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 4(1), 161–176.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann, S. (2008a). The informal market of education in Egypt – Private tutoring and its implications. Working Paper of the Department of Anthropology and African Studies of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, No. 88. Available online at: http://www.ifeas.unimainz.de/workingpapers/AP88.pdf

  • Hartmann, S. (2008b). ‘At school we don’t pay attention anyway’ – The informal market of education in Egypt and its implications. Sociologus, 58(1), 27–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Herrera, L. (1992). Scenes of schooling: Inside a girls’ school in Cairo. Cairo Papers in Social Science, 15(1). Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herrera, L. (2006), Islamization and education: Between politics, profit, and pluralism. In L. Herrera & C. A. Torres (Eds.), Cultures of Arab schooling: Critical ethnographies from Egypt. Albany: SUNY Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herrera, L., & Torres, C. A. (Eds.). (2006). Cultures of Arab schooling: Critical ethnographies from Egypt. Albany: SUNY Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herrera, L. (2008). Education and empire: Democratic reform in the Arab World? International Journal of Educational Reform, 17(4), 355–374.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hirsch, F. (1976). Social limits to growth. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hyde, G. D. M. (1978). Education in modern Egypt: Ideals and realities. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

    Google Scholar 

  • MOE. (2007). National strategic plan for pre-university education reform in Egypt 2007/08-2011/12. Cairo: The Arab Republic of Egypt, Ministry of Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • MOE. (2008). The development of education in Egypt 2004–2008: A national report. Cairo: The Arab Republic of Egypt, Ministry of Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • OECD & World Bank. (2010). Reviews of national policies for education: Higher education in Egypt. Paris and Washington, DC: OECD and the World Bank. Available online at: http://siteresources.worldbank.org/integypt/Resources/reporthigherEducationinEgypt-2010finalenglish.pdf

  • Population Council. (2010). Survey of young people in Egpyt. Final Report. Available online at: www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/2010PGY_SYPEFinalReport.pdf.

  • Singerman, D. (1995). Avenues of participation: Family, politics and networks in urban quarters of Cairo. Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singerman, D., & Amar, P. (Eds.). (2006). Cairo cosmopolitan: Politics, culture, and urban space in the new globalized Middle East. Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Starrett, G. (1998). Putting Islam to work: Education, politics, and religious transformation in Egypt. Berkeley: University of California Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Tadros, M. (2006). State welfare in Egypt since adjustment: Hegemonic control with a minimalist role. Review of African Political Economy, 33(108), 237–254.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • World Bank. (2002). Arab Republic of Egypt education sector review: Progress and priorities for the future. Report No. 24905-EGT, Vol. I. Washington, DC: World Bank.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Bank. (2007). Arab Republic of Egypt education sector policy note 2007: Improving quality, equality, and efficiency in the education sector. Report No. 42863-EG, Available online at: http://wwwwds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2008/06/26/000334955_20080626033032/Rendered/PDF/428630ESW0P08910gray0cover01PUBLIC1.pdf

  • World Bank. (2008). The road not travelled: Education reform in the Middle East and Africa. MENA Development Report. Washington, DC: World Bank.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Sense Publishers

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hartmann, S. (2013). Education ‘Home Delivery’ in Egypt. In: Bray, M., Mazawi, A.E., Sultana, R.G. (eds) Private Tutoring Across the Mediterranean. Comparative and International Education. SensePublishers, Rotterdam. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-237-2_4

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Societies and partnerships