Abstract
The effects of Cormorants and 3 species of ducks were studied on the eutrophication of Lake Balaton. The quantity of consumed food and of excrement were estimated. The Cormorants (1500 pairs and their fledglings) inhabiting the area of Kis-Balaton took up 12.5 tonnes of N and 3.1 tonnes of P in 1983. The effects of fish-eating Cormorants can be quantified better than those of ducks which also feed on plant material.
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Gere, G., Andrikovics, S. Effects of waterfowl on water quality. Hydrobiologia 243, 445–448 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00007061
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00007061