Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Moisture content and temperature effect on ultrasound timber grading

  • Published:
Wood Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Because wood is a natural material, the variability of its properties is very large. In order to use wood efficiently in building, it has to be stress graded. The ultrasonic stress grading was developped as an improved alternative to visual grading. This non destructive evaluative technique allows reliable higher strength values while working with new products. Corrected models were studied to reference the ultrasonic propagation speed at constant moisture content and temperature. Using a referential ultrasonic wave velocity, stress grading can be carried out on trees or logs before cutting, or on fresh beams. The correlation between conditioned beams and test specimens is very high, especially for the strongest material.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • DIN 4074, 1989: Gütebedingungen für Nadelschnittholz. Sortierung nach der Tragfähigkeit. Ed. Beuth-Verlag

  • Dunlap, M. E.; Bell, E. R. 1951: Electrical moisture meters for wood. US. Dep. Agr., For. Prod. Lab. Rep. M. R1160, Madison, Wi., USA

  • Kessel, M. H.; Sandoz, J. L. 1989: Zur Effizienz der Festigkeitssortierung von Fichtenkantholz. Teil 1: Vergleich europäischer Normen. Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff 47: 279–284

    Google Scholar 

  • Keylwerth, R.; Noack, D. 1956: Über den Einfluß höherer Temperaturen auf die elektrische Holzfeuchtigkeitsmessung nach Widerstandsprinzip. Holz and Rohals Werkstoff 14: 162–172

    Google Scholar 

  • Kollmann, F. P.; Krech, H. 1960: Dynamische Messungen der elastischen Holzeigenschaften und der Dämpfung. Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff 18: 41–54

    Google Scholar 

  • Larsen, H. J. 1991: An Introduction to Eurocode 5. Int. Timber Eng. Conf., Sept., London, UK

  • NF 52001.1, 1987: Règles d'utilisation du bois dans les constructions. Ed. AFNOR, Tour Europe, 920080 Paris, F

  • Panshin, A. J.; de Zeeuw, C. 1980: Textbook of Wood Technology. Ed. McGraw-Hill Book Company

  • Rilem, 1978: Materials and Structures n∘ 66, Nov., Dec., Ed. Dunod

  • Samson, M. 1986: Predicted and actual performance of two laboratory stress-grading machines employing different support conditions. Wood and Fiber sc. 17(4): 478–489

    Google Scholar 

  • Sandoz, J. L. 1989: Grading of construction timber by ultrasound. Wood sci. and Technology 23: 95–108

    Google Scholar 

  • Sandoz, J. L. 1991: Non-destructive Evaluation for Building Timber. Visual and Ultrasound Grading. In. Timber. Eng. Conf., Sept., London, UK

  • Seber, G. A. F. 1977: Linear regression analysis. Ed. John Wiley & Sons

  • SIA 553164, 1981: Construction en bois. Ed. SIA, CP 8039 Zurich, CH

  • Snodgrass, D. V. 1978: Development of a Proof Loading Machine for Quality Control of MSR Lumber. 4th Non-dest. Testing of Wood Symp., Vancouver, Wa., USA

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ibois — EPFL, Bâtiment GCH2, CH-1015, Lausanne, Ecublens, Switzerland

    J. L. Sandoz

Authors
  1. J. L. Sandoz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

The author wishes to thank the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne for acceptance of his doctoral thesis work, June 1990

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sandoz, J.L. Moisture content and temperature effect on ultrasound timber grading. Wood Sci.Technol. 27, 373–380 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00192223

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00192223

Keywords

Search

Navigation