Abstract
Cation exchange equilibria of the most common sedimentary zeolites are reviewed. Selected exchange isotherms and thermodynamic equilibrium constants are reported and interpreted in terms of selectivity of one cation over another. Selectivity sequences of various zeolites are compared with each other in the light of Eisenman's theory and utilized to predict or explain specific practical performances.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adams, B.A., Holmes, E.L. (1935) Adsorptive powers of synthetic zeolites. J. Soc. Chem. Ind. 54: 1–6T
Ahmad, Z.B., Dyer, A. (1984) Ion-exchange in ferrierite, a natural zeolite. In:Streat, M., Naden, D. (eds) Ion exchange technology. Wiley Horwood, Chichcster, UK:pp. 519–532
Ahmad, Z.B., Dyer, A. (1988) Ion exchange in near-homoionic ferrierites. In: Kallo', D., Sherry, H.S. (eds.) Occurrence, properties and utilizations of natural zeolites. Akadémiai Kiado', Budapest: pp. 431–448
Alietti, A. (1972) Polymorphism and crystal chemistry of heulandites and clinoptilolites. Am. Mineral. 57: 1448–1472
Ames, Jr., L.L. (1961) Cation sieve properties of the open zeolites chabazite, mordenite, erionite and clinoptilolite. Am. Mineral. 46: 1120–1131
Ames, Jr., L.L. (1962) Characterization of a strontium-selective zeolite. Am. Mineral. 47: 1317–1326
Ames, Jr., L.L. (1965a) Zeolite cation selectivity. Can. Mineral. 8: 325–333
Ames, Jr., L.L. (1965b) Zeolite type X equilibria with trivalent cerium and yttrium cations. J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 27: 885–894
Ames, Jr., L.L. (1967) Zeolitic removal of ammonium ions from agricultural and other wastewater. Proc. 13th Pacific N.W. Industrial Waste Conference. Washington State University, Pullman, Wash. pp. 135–152
Assenov, A., Vassilev, C., Kostova, M. (1988) Simultaneous sorption of metal ions on natural zeolite clinoptilolite. In:Kallo', D., Sherry, H.S. (eds.) Occurrence, properties and utilizations of natural zeolites. Akadémiai Kiado', Budapest:pp. 471–480
Barrer, R.M. (1950) Ion-exchange and ion-sieve processes in crystalline zeolites. J. Chem. Soc. 2342–2350
Barrer, R.M., Davies, J.A., Rees, L.V.C. (1969) Thermodynamics and thermochemistry of cation exchange in chabazite. J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 31: 219–232
Barrer, R.M., Klinowski, J. (1972) Influence of framework charge density on ion-exchange properties of zeolites. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. I 68: 1956–1963
Barrer, R.M., Klinowski, J. (1974) Ion exchange in mordenite. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 170: 2362–2367
Barrer, R.M., Munday, B.M. (1971) Cation exchange reactions of a sedimentary phillipsite. J. Chem. Soc. A. 2904–2909
Barrer, R.M., Sammon, D.C. (1955) Exchange equilibria in crystals of chabazite. J. Chem. Soc. 2838–2849
Bilba, N., Mihaila, Gh., Onu, P., Dranga, D., Luca, C. (1983) Ion exchange selectivity of natural and synthetic zeolites against ammonium. Rev. Roum. Chim. 28: 1009–1117
Blanchard, G., Maunaye, M., Martin, G. (1984) Removal of heavy metals from waters by means of natural zeolites. Water Res. 18:1501–1507
Boles, J.R. (1972) Composition, optical properties, cell dimensions, and thermal stability of some heulandite group zeolites. Am. Mineral. 57: 1463–1493
Boyd, G.E., Schubert, J., Adamson, A.W. (1947) The exchange adsorption of ions from aqueous solutions by organic zeolites. I. Ion-exchange equilibria. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 69: 2818–2829
Caputo, D., Dattilo, R., Pansini, M. (1995) Computation of thermodynamic quantities of ion exchange reactions involving zeolites. In: Aiello, R. (ed.) Proc. III Convegno Nazionale di Scienza e Tecnologia delle Zeoliti, De Rose Montalto (CS):pp. 143–151
Chelishchev, N.F., Berenshtein, T.A., Gribanova, N.K., Marynova, N.S. (1973) Ion exchange properties of clinoptilolite. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 210: 110–112
Colella, C., de' Gennaro, M., Langella, A., Pansini, M. (1995) Cadmium removal from wastewaters using chabazite and phillipsite. In:Ming, D.W., Mumpton, F.A. (eds.) Natural zeolites 93. Occurrence, properties, use. International Committee on Natural Zeolites, Brockport, N.Y., pp. 377–384
Constantopoulou, C., Loizidou, M., Loizou, Z., Spyrellis, N. (1994) Thorium equilibria with the sodium form of clinoptilolite and mordenite. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 178: 143–151
Czaran, E., Domokos, E., Meszaros-Kiss, A., Papp, J. (1986) Ion exchange properties of a Hungarian sedimentary mordenite. Acta Chim. Acad. Sci. Hung. 121 (3):243–253
Deffeyes, K.S. (1968) Natural zeolite deposits of potential commercial use. Molecular Sieves. Soc. Chem. Ind. London: pp. 7–9
Dyer, A. (1988) An introduction to zeolite molecular sieves. John Wiley, Chichester, pp. 68–71
Eichhorn, H. (1858) On the reactions of silicates with dilute solutions of salts. Pogendorf's. Ann. Phys. Chem. 105: 126
Eisenman, G. (1962) Cation selective glass electrodes and their mode of operation. Biophys. J. 2: 259–323
Filizova, L. (1974) Studies on the ion exchange properties of heulandite and clinoptilolite. Izv. Geol. Inst. Bulg. Akad. Nauk., Ser. Rudni Nerudni, Polezni Izkopalmi 23: 311–325
Gaines, G.L., Thomas, H.C. (1953) Adsorption studies on clay minerals II. A formulation of the thermodynamics of exchange adsorption. J. Chem. Phys. 21: 714–718
Gans, R. (1905) Zeolites and similar compounds, their constitution and significance for technology and agriculture. Jahrb. Preuss Geol. Landesanst (Berlin) 26: 179
Garcia Hernandez, J.E., Diaz Diaz, R., Notario del Pino, J.S., Gonzales Martin, M.M. (1994) NH +4 -Na+-exchange and NH +4 -release studies in natural phillipsite. Appl. Clay Sci. 9: 129–137
Glueckauf, E. (1949) Activity coefficients in concentrated solutions containing several electrolytes. Nature 163: 414–415
Gottardi, G. (1989) The genesis of zeolites. Eur. J. Mineral. 1:479–487
Gottardi, G., Galli, E. (1985) Heidelberg New York, Natural Zeolites Springer, Berlin, 409 p
Gradev, G., Avramova, A., Stefanova, I. (1988) Silver (I) sorption on clinoptilolite and vermiculite and their modifications. In:Kallo', D., Sherry, H.S. (ed.) Occurrence, properties and utilizations of natural zeolites. Akadémiai Kiado', Budapest: pp. 463–470
Grant, S.A., Fletcher, P. (1993) Chemical thermodynamics of cation exchange reactions: theoretical and practical considerations. In: Marinsky, J.A., Marcus, Y. (eds.) Ion exchange and solvent extraction. A series of advances. Marcel Dekker, New York: 2, 1–108
Hagiwara, Z., Uchida, M. (1978) Ion-exchange reactions of processed zeolites and its application to the removal of ammonianitrogen in wastes. In:Sand, L.B., Mumpton, F.A. (eds.) Natural zeolites, occurrence, properties, use. Pergamon Press, Elmsford, N. Y. pp. 463–470
Hawkins, D.B. (1984) Occurrence and availability of natural zeolites. In:Pond, W.G., Mumpton, F.A. (eds.) Zeoagriculture: use of natural zeolites in agriculture and aquaculture. Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado: pp. 69–78
Helfferich, F. (1962) Ion exchange. McGraw-Hill, New York: p. 2
Hey, M.H. (1937) XII.-The nature and relations of the zeolites: a review. Trans. Brit. Ceram. Soc. 36: 84–97
Howery, D.G., Thomas, H.C. (1965) Ion exchange on the mineral clinoptilolite. J. Phys. Chem. 69: 531–537
Lee, E.F.T., Rees, L.V.C. (1987) Effect of calcination on location and valency of lanthanum ions in zeolite Y. Zeolites 7: 143–147
Loizidou, M., Townsend, R.P. (1987a) Exchange of cadmium into the sodium and ammonium forms of the natural zeolites clinoptilolite, mordenite and ferrierite. J. Chem. Soc Dalton Trans. 1911–1916
Loizidou, M., Townsend, R.P. (1987b) Ion-exchange properties of natural clinoptilolite, ferrierite and mordenite: Part 2. Lead-so-dium and lead-ammonium equilibria. Zeolites 7: 153–159
Mason, B., Sand, L.B. (1960) Clinoptilolite from Patagonia. The relationship between clinoptilolite and heulandite. Am. Mineral. 45:341–350
Meier, W.M., Olson, D.H. (1992) Atlas of zeolite structure types. Butterworth-Heineman, London, 200 p
Mimura, H., Tachibana, L., Akiba, K. (1992) Ion-Exchange Selectivity for Cesium in Ferrierites. J. Nucl. Sci. Tech. 29 (2):184–186
Mumpton, F.A. (1960) Clinoptilolite redefined. Am. Mineral. 45:351–369
O'Connor, J.F., Townsend, R.P. (1985) Exchange of lead (II) ions in synthetic faujasitic zeolites: the effect of framework charge. Zeolites 5: 158–164
Pabalan, R.T. (1994) Thermodynamics of ion-exchange between clinoptilolite and aqueous solutions of Na+/K+ and Na+/Ca++ Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 58: 4573–4590
Pabalan, R.T., Bertetti, F.P. (1993) Thermodynamics of ion-exchange between Na+/Sr++ solutions and the zeolite mineral clinoptilolite. In: Barkatt, A., Van Konynenburg, R.A., (eds.) Scientific basis for nuclear waste management XVII. Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. No. 333. Pittsburgh, pp. 731–738
Pansini, M. (1996) Natural zeolites as cation exchangers for environmental protection. Mineral Deposita (This issue)
Pansini, M., Colella, C., Caputo, D., de' Gennaro, M., Langella, A. (1996) Evaluation of phillipsite as cation exchanger in lead removal from water. Micropor. Mat., 5: 357–364
Pansini, M., Colella, C., de' Gennaro, M. (1991) Chromium removal from water by ion exchange using zeolite Desalination 83:145–157
Perona, J.J. (1993) Model for Sr-Cs-Ca-Mg-Na ion-exchange equilibria on chabazite. AIChE Journal 39 (10):1716–1720
Rao, A., Rees, L.V.C. (1966) Kinetics of ion exchange in mordenite. Trans. Faraday Soc. 62: 2505–2512
Romantschuk, H., Miettinen, J.K., Kivalo, P. (1966) Laumontite — a natural ion exchange mineral with high selectivity for cesium. Suom. Kemistil. B 39: 193–195
Schwuger, M.J., Smolka, H.G. (1976) Sodium-aluminium-silicates in the washing process. Part I: physico-chemical aspects of phosphate substitution in detergents. Colloid Poly. Sci. 254:1062–1069
Semmens, M.J. (1978) Seyfarth, M. The selectivity of clinoptilolite for certain heavy metals. In: Sand, L.B., Mumpton, F.A. (eds.) Natural zeolites. Occurrence, properties, use. Pergamon Press, Elmsford, N.Y. pp. 517–526
Sherman, J.D. (1978) Ion exchange separations with molecular sieve zeolites. AIChE Symposium Series 74 (179):98–116
Sherry, H.S. (1969) The ion-exchange properties of the zeolites. In: Marinsky, J.A. (ed.) Ion exchange. A Series of advances. Marcel Dekker. New York: 2. 89–133
Sherry, H.S. (1979) Ion-exchange properties of the natural zeolite erionite. Clays Clay Miner. 27: 231–237
Shibue, Y. (1981) Cation-exchange reactions of siliceous and aluminous phillipsites. Clays Clay Miner. 29: 397–402
Suzuki, M., Ha, K. (1984) Equilibrium and rates of ammonium ion exchange by clinoptilolite. J. Chem. Eng. Japan 17 (2): 139–145
Thompson, H.S. (1850) Absorbent power of soils. J. R. Agric. Soc. Engl. 11: 68
Townsend, R.P. (1986) Ion exchange in zeolites: some recent developments in theory and practice. Pure. Appl. Chem. 58 (10): 1359–1366
Townsend, R.P., Loizidou, M. (1984) Ion exchange properties of natural clinoptilolite, ferrierite and mordenite: 1. Sodium-ammonium equilibria. Zeolites 4: 191–195
Way, J.T. (1850) Power of soil to absorb manure. J. Roy. Agric. Soc. Engl. 11: 313
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
For the sake of clarity, zeolite structure types, when necessary, are referred to throughout the text by the structure type codes, assigned by the Structure Commission of the International Zeolite Association (Meier and Olson 1992).
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Colella, C. Ion exchange equilibria in zeolite minerals. Mineral. Deposita 31, 554–562 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00196136
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00196136