Abstract
Quality of life is an increasingly common theme in the health status and health promotion literatures. Six approaches that consider quality of life and health are reviewed. These are (a) health-related quality of life; (b) quality of life as social diagnosis in health promotion; (c) quality of life among persons with developmental disabilities; (d) quality of life as social indicators; (e) the Centre for Health Promotion (University of Toronto) model, and (f) Lindstrom's quality of life model. Each approach is considered as to its emphasis on objective or subjective indicators, individual or system-level measurement, value-laden or value-neutral assumptions, and potential relationship to social policy and social change goals. The links among the social indicators, quality of life, and health promotions areas are examined.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Andrews, F. M. and S. B.Whithey: 1976, Social Indicators of Well-being: Amercians' Perceptions of Life Quality (Plenum Press, New York).
Ashton, J.: 1992, Healthy Cities (Open University Press, Philadelphia).
Berkman, L. F. and L.Breslow: 1983, Health and Ways of Living: The Alameda County Study (Oxford University Press, New York).
Berkman, L. F. and S. L.Smye: 1979, ‘Social networks, host resistance, and mortality: A nine-year follow-up study of Alameda County residents’, American Journal of Epidemiology 109, pp. 186–204.
Borthwick-Duffy, S. A.: 1986, ‘Quality of life of mentally retarded people: Development of a model’, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation (University of California School of Education, Reiverside, CA). Cited by Schalock, R. L., ‘Attempts to conceptualize and measure quality of life’, in: R. Schalock (ed.), Quality of Life: Perspectives and Issues (American Association on Mental Retardation, Washington, DC).
Bowling, A.: 1991, Measuring Health (Open University Press, Philadelphia).
Bracht, N.: 1990, ‘Introduction’, in N.Bracht (ed.), Health Promotion at the Community Level (Sage Publications, Newbury Park, CA).
Brown, I.: 1994, ‘Promoting quality within service delivery systems’, Journal on Developmental Disabilities 3(2), pp. i-iv.
Brown, R. I., M. B.Bayer and P. M.Brown: 1992, Empowerment and developmental Handicaps: Choices and Quality of Life (Captus Press, Toronto).
Connerly, C. E. and R. W.Marans: 1985, ‘Comparing two global measures of perceived neighbourhood quality’, Social Indicators Research 17, pp. 29–47.
Coulter, D.: 1990, ‘Home is the place: Quality of life for young children with developmental disabilities’, in R.Schalock (ed.), Quality of Life: Perspectives and Issues (American Association on Mental Retardation, Washington, DC).
Currie, R. F. and C.Thacker: 1986, ‘Quality of the urban environmental as perceived by residents of fast and slow growth cities’, Social Indicators Research 18, pp. 195–118.
Davies, J. K. and M. P.Kelly: 1993, Healthy Cities: Research and Practice (Routledge, New York).
Erikson, R.: 1993, ‘Descriptions of inequality: The Swedish approach to welfare research’, in M.Nussbaum and A.Sen (eds.), The Quality of Life (Clarendon Press, Oxford).
Evans, R. G., M.Barer and T. R.Marmor: 1994, Why Are Some People Healthy and Others Not?: The Determinants of Health of Populations (Aldine de Gruyter, New York).
Fine-Davis, M. and E. E.Davis: 1982, ‘Predictors of satisfaction with environmental quality in 8 European countries’, Social Indicators Research 11, pp. 341–362.
Finsterbusch, K., L.Llewellyn and C. P.Wolf: 1983, Social Impact Assessment Methods (Sage Publications, Newbury Park, CA).
Furuseth, O. and W. A.Walcott: 1990, ‘Defining quality of life in North Carolina’, The Social Science Journal 27, pp. 75–93.
Goode, D.: 1994, Quality of Life for Persons with Disabilities: International Issues and Perspectives (Brookline Press, Cambridge, MA).
Green, L. and M.Kreuter: 1991, Health Promotion Planning (Mayfield, Toronto).
Hollandsworth, J.: 1988, ‘Evaluating the impact of medical treatment on the quality of life: A 5 year update’, Social Science and Medicine 26, pp. 425–434.
Kaplan, R. M. and J. W.Bush: 1982, ‘Health-related quality of life measurement for evaluation research and policy analysis’, Health Psychology 1, pp. 61–80.
Jacob, S. G. and F. K.Willits: 1994, ‘Objective and subjective indicators of community evaluation: A Pennsylvania assessment’, Social Indicators Research 32, pp. 161–177.
Keczmerski, J. and B.Sorter: 1984, ‘A community viability indicator for determining comprehensive planning policy’, Social Indicators Research 14, pp. 195–203.
Labonte, R.: 1993, Health Promotion and Empowerment: Practice Frameworks (Centre for Health Promotion and ParticipACTION, Toronto).
Labonte, R.: 1996, ‘Measurement and practice: Power issues in quality of life, health promotion, and empowerment’, in R.Renwick, I.Brown, and M.Nagler (eds.), Quality of Life in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation: Conceptual Approaches, Issues, and Applications (Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA).
Land, K. C.: 1975, ‘Social indicator models: An overview’, in K. C.Land, and S.Spilerman (eds.), Social Indicator Models (Russell Sage Foundation, New York).
Land, K. C., and S.Spilerman: 1975, Social Indicator Models (Russell Sage Foundation, New York).
Lawton, M. P.: 1991, ‘A multidimensional view of quality of life in frail elders’, in J.Birren, J.Lubben, J.Rowe, and D.Deutchman (eds.), The Concept and Measurement of Quality of Life in the Frail Elderly (Academic, New York).
Lindstrom, B.: 1992, ‘Quality of life: a model for evaluating health for all’, Soz Praventivmed 37, pp. 301–306.
Linstrom, B.: 1994, The Essence of Existence: On the Quality of Life of Children in the Nordic Countries (The Nordic School of Public Health, Goteborg, Sweden).
Lindstrom, B. and N.Spencer: 1994, European Textbook of Social Pediatrics (Oxford University Press, Oxford).
Livneh, H.: 1988, ‘Rehabilitation goals: their hierarchical and multifaceted nature’, Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counselling 19(3), pp. 12–18.
Mastekaasa, A. and T.Moum: 1984, ‘The perceived quality of life in Norway: Regional variations and contextual effects, Social Indicators Research 14, pp. 385–419.
McDowell, I. and C.Newell: 1987, Measuring Health (Oxford University Press, New York).
Michalos, A. C.: 1980, North American Social Report: Volume 1: Foundations, Population and Health (D. Reidel Publishing Company, Boston).
Michalos, A. C.: 1991a, Global Report on Student Well-Being, Vol. 1: Life Satisfaction and Happiness, Springer-Verlag.
Michalos, A. C.: 1991b, Global Report on Student Well-Being, Vol. 2: Family, Freinds, Living Partner and Self-Esteem, Springer-Verlag.
Michalos, A. C.: 1993a, Global Report on Student Well-Being, Vol. 3: Employment, Finances, Housing and Transportation, Springer-Verlag.
Michalos, A. C.: 1993b, Global Report on Student Well-Being, Vol. 4: Religion, Education, Recreation and Health, Springer-Verlag.
Miles, I.: 1985, Social Indicators for Human Development (Frances Pinter Publishers, London).
Milbrath, L.: 1982, ‘A conceptualization and research strategy for the study of ecological aspects of the quality of life’, Social Indicators Research 10, pp. 133–157.
Milio, N.: 1988, ‘Making healthy public policy; developing the science by learning the art: An ecological framework for policy studies’, Health Promotion 2, pp. 263–274.
Moller, V. and L.Schlemmer: 1983, ‘Quality of life in South Africa: Towards an instrument for the assessment of quality of life and basic needs’, Social Indicators Research 12, pp. 225–279.
Naess, S.: 1987, Quality of Life Research: Concepts, Methods, and Applications (Institute of Applied Social Research, Oslo, Norway).
Olsen, M. E., P.Canan and M.Hennessy: 1985, ‘A value-based community assessment process: Integrating quality of life and social impact studies’, Sociological Methods and Research 13, pp. 325–361.
Parmenter, T.: 1994, ‘Quality of life as a concept of measurable entity’, in D. Romney, R. Brown, and P. Fry (eds.), Social Indicators Research 33, pp. 1–8.
Pederson, A., M.O'Neill, and I.Rootman (eds.): 1994, Health Promotion in Canada (W. B. Saunders, Toronto).
Raphael, D.: 1996a, ‘Defining quality of life: Eleven debates concerning its measurement’, in R.Renwick, I.Brown, and M.Nagler (eds.), Quality of Life in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation: Conceptual Approaches, Issues, and Applications (Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA).
Raphael, D.: 1996b, ‘Quality of life of older adults: Towards the optimization of the aging process’, in R.Renwick, I.Brown, and M.Nagler (eds.), Quality of Life in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation: Conceptual Approaches, Issues, and Applications (Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA).
Raphael, D.: 1996c, ‘Quality of life and adolescent health’, in R.Renwick, I.Brown, and M.Nagler (eds.), Quality of Life in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation: Conceptual Approaches, Issues, and Applications (Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA).
Raphael, D.: in press, ‘The determinants of adolescent health: Evolving definitions, recent findings, and proposed research agenda’, Journal of Adolescent Health.
Raphael, D., I.Brown, R.Renwick and I.Rootman: 1994, Quality of Life Theory and Assessment: What are the Implications for Health Promotion? Issues in Health Promotion Monograph Series (Centre for Health Promotion, University of Toronto and ParticipACTION, Toronto).
Raphael, D., I.Brown, R.Renwick, M.Cava, K.Heathcote and N.Weir: 1995, ‘The quality of life of seniors living in the community: A conceptualization with implications for public health practice’, Canadian Journal of Public Health 86, pp. 228–233.
Raphael, D., I.Brown, R.Renwick, and I.Rootman: 1996, ‘Assessing the quality of life of persons with developmental disabilities: Description of a new model, measuring instruments, and initial findings’, International Journal of Disability, Development, and Education 43, pp. 25–42.
Raphael, D., R.Renwick and I.Brown: 1993, ‘Studying the lives of persons with developmental disabilities: Methodological lessons from the quality of life project’, Journal on Developmental Disabilities 2(2), pp. 30–49.
Raphael, D., E. Rukholm, I. Brown, P. Hill-Bailey and E. Donato: in press, ‘The quality of life profile — adolescent version: Background, description, and initial validation’, Journal of Adolescent Health.
Reed, K. L. and S. N.Sanderson: 1992, Concepts of Occupational Therapy (Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore).
Renwick, R. and I.Brown: 1996, ‘Being, belonging, becoming: the Centre for Health Promotion model of quality of life’, in R.Renwick, I.Brown, and M.Nagler (eds.), Quality of Life in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation: Conceptual Approaches, Issues, and Applications (Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA).
Renwick, R., I.Brown and M.Nagler (eds.): 1996, Quality of Life in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation: Conceptual Approaches, Issues, and Applications (Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA).
Rioux, M. H. and M.Bach (eds.): 1994, Disability is Not Measles: New Research Paradigms in Disability (Roeher Institute, North York).
Robertson, A.: 1990, ‘The politics of Alzheimer's Disease: A case study in apocalyptic demography’, International Journal of Health Services 20, pp. 429–442.
Romney, E., R. Brown, R. and P. Fry (eds.): 1994, ‘Improving the quality of life of people with and without disabilities’, [Special Issue]. Social Indicators Research 33 (1–3).
Rootman, I.: 1994, ‘How is quality of life related to health and health promotion?’, in P.Liss and N.Nikku (eds.), Health Promotion and Prevention: Theoretical and Ethical Aspects (University of Linkopings, Linkopings, Sweden).
Rudman, D., R. Renwick, D. and I. Brown: 1995, ‘The quality of life profile for adults with physical disabilities’, Canadian Journal of Occuational Therapy 62, p. 25.
Schalock, R. L.: 1990a, Quality of life: Perspective and Issues (American Association on Mental Retardation, Washington, DC).
Schalock, R.: 1990b, ‘Where do we go from here?’, in R.Schalock (ed.), Quality of Life: Perspective and Issues (American Association on Mental Retardation, Washington, DC).
Schalock, R.: 1991, ‘The concept of quality of life in the lives of persons with mental retardation’, Paper presented at the 15th Annual Meeting of the American Association on Mental Retardation. Washington, DC.
Schipper, H., J.Clinch and V.Powell: 1990, ‘Definitions and conceptual issues’, in B.Spilker (ed.), Quality of Life in Clinical Trials (Raven, New York).
Schwirian, K. P., A. L.Nelson and P.Schwirian: 1995, ‘Modeling urbanism: Economic, social and environmental stress in cities’, Social Indicators Research 35, pp. 201–223.
Sheldon, E., and K. C.Land: 1972, ‘Social reporting for the 1970's: A review and programmatic statement’, Policy Sciences 3, pp. 137–151.
Spilker, B.: 1990, Quality of Life in Clinical Trials (Raven, New York).
Statistics Canada: 1994, Canadian Social Trends, No. 33, Summer.
Stewart, A., and J.Ware: 1992, Measuring Functioning and Well-Being: The Medical Outcome Study Approach (Duke University Press, Durham NC).
Tahlin, M.: 1990, ‘Politics, dynamics, and individualism — The Swedish approach to level of living research’, Social Indicators Research 22, pp. 155–180.
Thorndike, E. L.: 1939, Your City (Harcourt, Brace and Company, New York).
Tilson, H. and B. Silker: 1990, ‘Quality of life bibliography and indexes’, Medical Care 28, No. 12, Supplement.
Torrance, G. W.: 1982, ‘Multiattribute utility theory as a method of measuring social preferences for health states in long-term care’, in R. L.Kane and R. A.Kane (eds.), Values and Long-Term Care (Lexington Book, Lexington, MA).
Turbull, H., and G.Brunk: 1990, ‘Quality of life and public philosophy’, in R.Schalock (ed.), Quality of Life: Perspectives and Issues (American Association on Mental Retardation, Washington, DC).
U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare: 1969, Towards a Social Report (U.S. Governmental Printing Office, Washington, DC).
Walter-Busch, E.: 1983, ‘Subjective and objective indicators of regional quality of life in Switzerland’, Social Indicators Research 12, pp. 337–391.
World Health Organization: 1986, International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps (WHO, Geneva, Switzerland).
World Health Organization: 1986, Ottawa Charter on Health Promotion (WHO, Geneva, Switzerland).
Wolf, C. P.: 1983, ‘Social impact assessment: A methodological overview’, in K.Finsterbusch, L.Llewellyn, and C. P.Wolf (eds.), Social Impact Assessment Methods (Sage Publications, Newbury Park, CA).
Woodill, G., R.Renwick, I.Brown and D.Raphael: 1994, ‘Being, belonging and becoming: An approach to the quality of life of persons with developmental disabilities’, in D.Goode (ed.), Quality of Life for Persons with Developmental Disabilities: International Perspectives and Issues (Brookline Books: Cambridge, MA).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Raphael, D., Renwick, R., Brown, I. et al. Quality of life indicators and health: Current status and emerging conceptions. Soc Indic Res 39, 65–88 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00300833
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00300833