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Early hominid behaviour and culture tradition: raw material studies in Bed II, Olduvai Gorge

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Abstract

Two studies involving an analysis of artefact raw material use in Bed II at Olduvai Gorge (1.6–1.4 myr) are reported. The first study shows evidence for the manufacture of chert artefacts at a factory site and the subsequent transport of selected whole flakes to another site for use. Early hominids are thus shown to have been capable of planning a sequence of activities involving raw material extraction, processing, selection and transport for an ultimate use. The transported artefacts are found accumulated at sites associated with animal bones, suggesting that hominids were a principal agent in site formation. The second study demonstrates that the attributes of the artefacts said to differentiate the Developed Oldowan B from the Early Acheulean at Olduvai Gorge are the result of differential raw material use.

Résumé

Deux études sur l'analyse de la matière première utilisée pour les outils du Bed II d'Olduvai Gorge (1.6–1.4 myr) sont présentées. La première étude prouve que les outils en chert étaient fabriqués dans un atelier de taille et que des éclats entiers étaient sélectionnés et transportés afin d'être utilisés sur un autre site. Ceci démontre que les anciens hominidés étaient capables de planifier une séquence d'activités comprenant l'extraction, le traitement, la sélection et le transport pour utilisation ultérieure, de la matière première. Les outils transportés sont retrouvés accumulés sur les sites, associés à des ossements d'animaux, ce qui suggère que les hominidés étaient les principaux responsables de la formation des sites. La deuxième étude démontre que les attributs des outils/objets sensés différencier l'Oldwayen développé B de l'Acheuléen ancien à Olduvai Gorge résultent d'une utilisation différente de la matière première.

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  1. Daniel Stiles
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Stiles, D. Early hominid behaviour and culture tradition: raw material studies in Bed II, Olduvai Gorge. Afr Archaeol Rev 9, 1–19 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01117214

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