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New apparatus for the simultaneous measurement of stresses and flow birefringence in biaxial extension of polymer melts

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Summary

A new apparatus is described for the measurement of the viscosity of polymer melts in biaxial extension. Use is made of the method of two impinging fluid streams. The mentioned streams are guided by lubricated trumpet shaped metal walls. The force is measured which tends to separate the trumpets. At the same time, the flow birefringence is measured in the plane of symmetry, which contains the stagnation point. The linear stress-optical relation, which is well-known from shear experiments, turns out to be valid also in the new flow geometry, at least up to the deformation rates applied. Results of the steady state measurements carried out on a polystyrene melt are evaluated. Suggestions for a better performance of the mechanical measurements are given.

Zusammenfassung

Ein neuer Apparat zur Messung der Dehnviskosität von polymeren Schmelzen unter biaxialer Dehnung wird beschrieben. Hierfür wird die Methode des Aufeinanderprallens entgegengesetzt gerichteter Ströme verwendet. Die genannten Ströme werden durch geschmierte trompetenförmige Bohrungen herangeführt. Es wird die Kraft gemessen, welche die beiden „Trompeten“ auseinanderzudrücken sucht. Gleichzeitig wird die Strömungsdoppelbrechung in der Symmetrieebene gemessen, die den Staupunkt enthält. Die lineare spannungsoptische Regel, die bei Scherexperimenten wohlbekannt ist, scheint auch für die neue Strömungsgeometrie zu gelten, zumindest im Bereich der angewandten Deformationsgeschwindigkeiten. Ergebnisse, wie sie im stationären Strömungszustand bei einer Polystyrol-Schmelze erhalten wurden, werden ausgewertet. Vorschläge zur besseren Ausführung der mechanischen Messungen werden gemacht.

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van Aken, J.A., Janeschitz-Kriegl, H. New apparatus for the simultaneous measurement of stresses and flow birefringence in biaxial extension of polymer melts. Rheol Acta 19, 744–752 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01521867

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01521867

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