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Die rezente hydrothermal-sedimentäre Lagerstätte Atlantis-II-Tief im Roten Meer

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Zusammenfassung

Die in Entstehung befindliche hydrothermal-sedimentäre Lagerstätte Atlantis-II-Tief im Roten Meer wurde in den Jahren 1969, 1971 und 1972 von den Forschungsschiffen Wando River und Valdivia aus genauer untersucht. Die Detailkartierung zeigt eine Fallenstruktur, die hauptsächlich durch NW-streichende Grabenrandverwerfungen hervorgerufen wurde. Die in die se Depression in ihren tiefsten Teil einströmenden metallhaltigen Solen hielten das für die Lagerstättenbildung, besonders das für die Sulfidausfällung nötige Milieu über längere Zeit aufrecht. Diese seit dem ausgehenden Pleistozän anhaltende stabile Situation wurde einige Male von Lava-Ausflüssen, tektonischen Ereignissen und Verlagerung der Quellen unterbrochen. Diese Vorgänge und die komplizierte Morphologie der solegefüllten Becken führten zu einer sehr komplexen Faziesentwicklung und stratigraphischen Abfolge. Insgesamt läßt sich, von den Quellen ausgehend, eine Zonierung von sulfidisch-silikatischer zu manganitischlimonitischer Ausfällung beobachten.

Abstract

The Atlantis II Deep, a hydrothermal-sedimentary metal depositin statu nascendi has been investigated in detail 1969, 1971 and 1972 with the research vessels Wando River and Valdivia. The new bathymetric map reveals a trap structure mainly caused by NW-striking faults, limiting local grabens. The metalliferous brines discharging into the deepest part of this depression maintained the conditions necessary for the formation of the deposit, esp. of the sulfides, for a long time.

This stabil situation active since the end of the Pleistocene was several times disturbed by lava flows, tectonic events and displacement of the discharge vents.

These events and the complicate morphologic structure of the brine-filled deep are responsible for a very complex development of lithologic facies and the stratigraphic sequence. There is a general deposit differentiation from sulfidic-silicatic precipitation near the discharge points and formation of limonite and manganite outside the brines.

Résumé

Pendant les années 1969, 1971 et 1972 les gisements hydrothermaux sédimentaires Atlantis II, en voie de formation dans la Mer Rouge, ont fait l'objet de campagnes scientifiques détaillées entreprises par les navires océanographiques Wando River et Valdivia.

La carte morphologique montre une structure de descente qui a été formée principalement par des failles de direction NW délimitant des graben. Les saumures métallifères affluant dans la partie la plus profonde de cette dépression ont maintenu pendant une certaine durée le milieu nécessaire à la formation du gisement, et surtout à la précipitation des sulfures. Cette situation restée stable depuis la fin du Pléistocène a été interrompue plusieurs fois des émissions basaltiques, par des dislocations tectoniques et par le déplacement des sources. Ces événements, ainsi que la morphologie compliquée du bassin rempli de saumures, ont conduit à un développement très complexe des faciès lithologiques et de la séquence stratigraphique. Dans l'ensemble on peut constater une zonation des faciès avec précipitations sulfurosilicatées près des points d'entrée des saumures et manganolimonitiques plus à l'écart.

Краткое содержание

Во время рейсов судов Уондо Ривер и Вальдив ия в 1969, 1971 и 1972 гг. провели исследовани я гидротермально-оса дочного месторождения, наход ящегося в стадии возникновен ия в глубоководной вп адине „Атлантис-11-Тиф“, Красн ое море. С помощью деталь ного картирования ус тановили складчатую структур у, которая была вызвана, гл. образом, простираю щимися в северо-западном направлении краевым и сбросами грабена. Вл ивающиеся в самую глубинную част ь этой депрессии метал лоносные рассолы под держивали в течение продолжител ьного времени среду, необхо димую для образовани я месторождения, в част ности, для осаждения сульфи дов. Такая устойчивая ситуация, удерживающаяся с кон ца плейстоцена, прерыва лась несколько раз из лияниями лавы, тектоническими событиями и смещение м источников. Эти проц ессы и сложная морфолигия н аполненных рассолом котловин пр ивели к весьма компле ксному фациальному развити ю и к отчетливой страти графической последо вательности. В общем, в соответстви и с источниками, можно н аблюдать осаждения о т сульфидно-силикатны х до марганцево-лимони тных.

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  1. Harald Bäcker & Helmut Richter

    Present address: Preussag, Leibnizufer 9, D-3000, Hannover

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    Bäcker, H., Richter, H. Die rezente hydrothermal-sedimentäre Lagerstätte Atlantis-II-Tief im Roten Meer. Geol Rundsch 62, 697–737 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01820957

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