Summary
Thein vivo remodeling behavior within a bone protected from natural loading was modified over an 8-week period by daily application of 100 consecutive 1 Hz load cycles engendering strains within the bone tissue of physiological rate and magnitude. This load regime resulted in a graded dose:response relationship between the peak strain magnitude and change in the mass of bone tissue present. Peak longitudinal strains below 0.001 were associated with bone loss which was achieved by increased remodeling activity, endosteal resorption, and increased intra-cortical porosis. Peak strains above 0.001 were associated with little change in intra-cortical remodeling activity but substantial periosteal and endosteal new bone formation.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Donaldson CL, Hulley SB, Vogel JM, Hattner RS, Bayers JH, McMillan DE (1970) Effect of prolonged bedrest on bone mineral. Metabolism 19:1071–1084
Smith MC, Rambaut PC, Vogel JM Whittle MW (1977) Bone mineral measurement—experiment M078. In: Biomedical records from Skylab, NASA Publication, pp 183–190
Jones HH, Priest JD, Hayes WC, Tichenor CC, Nagel A (1977) Humeral hypertrophy in response to exercise. J Bone Joint Surg 59-A:205–208
Uhthoff HK, Jaworski ZFG (1978) Bone loss in response to long-term immobilisation. J Bone Joint Surg 60-B:420–429
Woo SL-Y, Kuei SC, Amiel D, Gomez MA, Hayes WC, White FC, Akeson WH (1981) The effect of prolonged physical training on the properties of long bone. A study of Wolff's law. J Bone Joint Surg 63-A:780–787
Krolner B, Toft B, Nielsen SP, Tondevold E (1983a) Physical exercise as prophylaxis against involutional vertebral bone loss: a controlled trial. Clin Sci 64:541–546
Krolner B, Toft B (1983b) Vertebral bone loss: an unheeded side effect of therapeutic bed rest. Clin Sci 64:537–540
Lanyon LE (1976) The measurement of bone strain in vivo. Acta Orthop Belgica, Vol. 42 (suppl) 1:98:108
Rubin CT, Lanyon LE (1984) Regulation of bone formation by applied dynamic loads. J Bone Joint Surg 66A:397–402
Hert J, Liskova M, Landa J Reaction of bone to mechanical stimuli. Part 1. Continuous and intermittent loading of tibia in rabbit. Folia Morph (Praha) 19:290–300
Churches AE, Howlett CR, Waldron KJ, Ward GW (1980) The response of living bone to controlled time varying loading: method and preliminary results. J Biomechanics 13:203–209
Lanyon LE, Rubin CT (1984) Static versus dynamic loads as an influence on bone remodelling. J Biomechanics 12:897–907
Lanyon LE, Smith RN (1970) Bone strain in the tibia during normal quadrupedal locomotion. Acta Orthop Scand 41:238–248
Baggott DG, Lanyon LE (1977) An independent “postmortem” calibration of electrical resistance strain gauges bonded to bone surfaces in vivo. J Biomechanics 12:593–600
O'Connor JA, Lanyon LE, MacFie H (1982) The influence of strain rate on adaptive bone remodelling. J Biomechanics 15:767–781
Lanyon LE, Goodship AE, Pye CJ, MacFie JH (1982) Mechanically adaptive bone remodelling. J Biomechanics 15:141–154
Churches AE, Howlett CR (1981) The response of mature cortical bone to controlled time-varying loading. p 69–80 In: (ed) Cowin SC Mechanical properties of bone. ASME publication AMD-vol 45
Lanyon LE (1984) Functional strain, as a determinant for bone remodeling. Calcif Tissue Int 36:S56-S61
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rubin, C.T., Lanyon, L.E. Regulation of bone mass by mechanical strain magnitude. Calcif Tissue Int 37, 411–417 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02553711
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02553711