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Microstructure and tensile behavior of nitrogen-alloyed, dual-phase stainless steels

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Abstract

Two alloys of high-nitrogen stainless steel have been heat treated to produce dual-phase microstruc-tures. The first alloy, N10CrNiMol7 1, a Ni-containing stainless steel, was processed conventionally. The second alloy, N20CrMol7, a Ni-free stainless steel, was processed to obtain a higher nitrogen content by pressurized electroslag remelting. The martensite in N10CrNiMol7 1 was homogeneously distributed in the ferrite and obtained a near-constant volume fraction as a function of intercritical annealing temperature. Microprobe analysis and microhardness measurements of the martensite con-stituent suggested that up to 0.4 pct N was dissolved in the austenite before quenching. Austenite formation, martensite transformation, undissolved nitrides, and retained austenite were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Ni-containing alloy exhibited classic dual-phase tensile behavior in that continuous yielding was observed together with good combinations of ultimate tensile strength and total elongation. The martensite constituent in alloy N20CrMol7 was concen-trated within bands. Comparison of tensile properties of the two alloys at similar volume fractions and hardness levels of martensite and ferrite showed that the microstructure containing banded mar-tensite had inferior combinations of strength and ductility. The degradation of tensile ductility was accompanied by a fracture mode transition from microvoid coalescence to transgranular cleavage. The deformation and fracture behavior of both alloys were related to the microstructure.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. r-Universitaet Bochum, Lehrstuhl Werkstofftechnik, 44780, Bochum, Germany

    H. Berns (Professor)

  2. ZF Friedrichshafen AG, Friedrichshafen, Germany

    J. Kleff

  3. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 80401-1887, Golden, CO

    G. Krauss (Professor)

  4. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 60616, Chicago, IL

    R. P. Foley (Professor)

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  1. H. Berns
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  2. J. Kleff
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  3. G. Krauss
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  4. R. P. Foley
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Berns, H., Kleff, J., Krauss, G. et al. Microstructure and tensile behavior of nitrogen-alloyed, dual-phase stainless steels. Metall Mater Trans A 27, 1845–1859 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02651934

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