Abstract
Gas injection into liquid metals has been studied extensively with gas injection into water models. While the general features of such flows are appreciated, the structure of the two-phase region has not been well characterized. To improve our understanding of the fundamental transport phenomena in the two-phase region, a combined laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) and electrical probe (EP) technique has been developed to measure the time-averaged and fluctuating liquid velocities, bubble velocities, and void fraction. The primary findings are: (1) The slip velocity of the bubbles is close to the terminal rising velocity of bubbles in stagnant fluids. (2) The intensity of turbulence in the two-phase region is generally higher than 0.5, which is higher than in the single-phase region. (3) The turbulence is not isotropic; it is greater in the vertical direction. The implications for mathematical modeling and process analysis are discussed.
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Sheng, Y.Y., Irons, G.A. Measurements of the internal structure of gas-liquid plumes. Metall Trans B 23, 779–788 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02656456
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02656456