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Structural effects and band segregate formation during the electromagnetic stirring of strand-cast steel

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Abstract

Chemical and metallographic studies have been made of the “white band” (a zone of negative segregation) formed by the electromagnetic stirring of 127 mm (5 inch) square strand-cast steel billets. Three stirrer locations were studied. At all locations, the white band was found to consist of a zone of negative segregation corresponding to the position of the solid-liquid interface during stirring, followed by a zone of positive segregation related to the cessation of stirring. Metallographic studies showed the curvature of columnar dendrites within the white band and the presence of a transition zone of nondirectional growth between the white band and the equiaxed core. A mechanism for the formation of the segregated zones at the white band is presented, along with theoretical calculations. Agreement between the calculations and experimental results was good. The role of electromagnetic stirring in the formation of the white band and in the associated columnar-equiaxed transition is discussed.

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Abbreviations

a :

variable equal to 1 −(β/2)

Ci :

concentration of solute in phasei

gi :

volume fraction of phase i

k :

partition coefficient

ni :

constant for isotherm motion in Eq. [3] f time

T :

temperature

U :

isotherm velocity

V p :

fluid velocity perpendicular to isotherms

x :

distanceβ solidification shrinkageδ differential operators ε cooling rate− >v fluid velocity ∇(δ/δ x + δ/δ y + δ/δ z )

b :

constant in Eq. [3], normal ≃ 0.5

i :

dummy

L :

liquidus

o :

original

q :

dummy

S :

solidus

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Surrey, Great Britain

    M. R. Bridge (Research)

  2. Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co., 27204, Wire Plant, Asheboro, NC

    G. D. Rogers (Plant Metallurgist)

Authors
  1. M. R. Bridge
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  2. G. D. Rogers
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Additional information

During the period of this work the authors were Research Engineers at the United States Steel Company Research Laboratories, Monroeville, PA 15146.

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Bridge, M.R., Rogers, G.D. Structural effects and band segregate formation during the electromagnetic stirring of strand-cast steel. Metall Trans B 15, 581–589 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02657390

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02657390

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