Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The density of liquid iron-carbon alloys

  • Published:
Metallurgical Transactions B Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The density of liquid Fe-C alloys at temperatures ranging from 1250 °C to 1550 °C was measured by the sessile drop profile method. An accurate method of digital image processing was de-veloped to capture, enhance, and determine the coordinates of the X-ray shadow image of the droplet. Laplace's equation was then solved to obtain the volume and density of the droplet. The density of iron-carbon alloys was then determined as a function of carbon content (from 0 to 4 wt pct) and temperature (1250 °C to 1550 °C). A least-squares analysis of our data points gives an equation for the density of liquid iron-carbon alloys as a function of temperatureT [K] and carbon content [pct C] [wt pct]: ρ[g/cm3] = (7.10 - 0.0732[pct C]) - (8.28 - 0.874[pct C]) × 10-4(T - 1823) These results will give a value to within ±1.5 pct of the data of Lucas, [3] Widawski and Sauerwald, [2] and the present work.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. C. Benedicks, N. Ercsson, and G. Ercson:Arch. Eisenhuettenwes., 1930, vol. 3, p. 473.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. E. Widawski and F. Sauerwald:Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem., 1930, vol. 192, p. 145.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. L.D. Lucas:Mem. Sci. Rev. Metall., 1964, vol. 61, p. 97.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. A.A. Vertman, A.F. Filippov, and A.M. Samarin :Izv. Vyssh. Uchelon. Zaved. Chern. Metall., 1964, no. 4, p. 19.

  5. S. Saito and Y. Sakuma:Proc. 63rd Meeting Jpn. Inst. Met., 1968, p. 268.

  6. E.S. Filippov and A.M. Samarin:Fiziko-Khimicheskie Osnovy Proizvodstva Stali, Nauka, Moskva, 1968, p. 3.

  7. I. Jimbo and A.W. Cramb:Proc. 6th Int. Iron and Steel Congress, The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan, 1990, pp. 499-504.

  8. I. Jimbo and A.W. Cramb:ISIJ Int., 1992, vol. 32 (1), pp. 26–35.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. B.J. Keene:Int. Mater. Rev., 1988, vol. 33 (1), p. 1.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. V.I. Nizhenko and L.I. Floka:Sov. Powder Metall. Met. Ceram., 1972, vol. 10, p. 931.

    Google Scholar 

  11. P. Kozakevitch and G.R. Urbain:Mem. Sci. Rev. Metall., 1961, vol. 58, pp. 517–34.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. F. Bashforth and J.C. Adams:An Attempt of Test the Theories of Capillary Action, Cambridge University Press, 1883.

  13. J.N. Butler and B.H. Bloom:Surf. Sci., 1966, vol. 4, pp. 1–17.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. C. Maze and G. Burnet:Surf. Sci., 1969, vol. 13, pp. 451–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Y. Roetenberg, L. Boruvka, and A.W. Neumann:J. Colloid Interface Sci., 1983, vol. 93 (1), pp. 169–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. S.H. Anastasiadis, J.-K. Chen, J.T. Koberstein, A.F. Siegel, J.E. Sohn, and JA. Emerson:J. Colloid Interface Sci., 1987, vol. 119 (1), pp. 55–66.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. H.H.J. Girault, D.J. Schiffrin, and D.B.V. Smith:J. Colloid Interface Sci., 1984, vol. 101 (1), pp. 257–66.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. L.D. Lucas:Compt. Rend., 1960, vol. 250, p. 1850.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. A Koeniger and G. Nagel:Giesserei, 1961, vol. 13, p. 57.

    Google Scholar 

  20. A.D. Kirshenbaum and J.A. Cahill:Trans. TMS-AIME, 1962, vol. 224, p. 816.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. M.G. Frohberg and R. Weber:Arch. Eisenhuettenwes., 1964, vol. 35, p. 877.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. A.A. Vertman, A.M. Samarin, and A.F. Filippov:Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1964, vol. 155, p. 323.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. I. Dragomir, A.F. Vishkarev, and V.I. Yavoiskii:Izv. Vyssh. Uchelon. Zaved. Chern. Met., 1964, no. 11, p. 50.

  24. N.K. Dzhemilev, S.I. Popel, and B.W. Tsarewskii:Zh. Fiz. Khim., 1967, no. 1, p. 47.

  25. K. Saito, M. Amatatsu, and S. Watanabe:Senken-ihoo, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, 1969, no. 1, p. 67.

  26. Maekawa and Suzuki: “Materials to the Second Branch Committee on the Molten Steels and Slags,” Basic Research Committee for Steelmaking, The Japan Foundation for Science and Technology,No. 2 Molten Steel, (5) Density, 1969.

  27. Z. Morita, Y. Ogino, H. Kaito, and A. Adachi:J. Jpn. Inst. Met., 1970, vol. 34, pp. 248–53.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. A. Adachi, Z. Morita, M. Kitaura, and N. Demukai:Technol. Rep. Osaka Univ., 1970, vol. 20, p. 67.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. V.G. Becker, F. Harders, and H. Koernfeld:Arch. Eisenhuettenwes., 1949, vol. 20, p. 363.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. W. Kingery and M. Humenik:J. Phys. Chem., 1953, vol. 57, p. 359.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. S. Saito and Y. Sakuma:J. Jpn. Inst. Met., 1967, vol. 31, p. 1140.

    Google Scholar 

  32. D.J. Steinberg:Metall. Trans., 1974, vol. 5, pp. 1341–43.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. A.F. Crawley:Int. Met. Rev., 1974, vol. 19, pp. 32–48.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. T. Iida and R.I.L. Guthrie:The Physical Properties of Liquid Metals, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1988, p. 64.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 15213, Pittsburgh, PA

    I. Jimbo (Associate Scientist) & A. W. Cramb (Associate Professor)

Authors
  1. I. Jimbo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. W. Cramb
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Jimbo, I., Cramb, A.W. The density of liquid iron-carbon alloys. Metall Trans B 24, 5–10 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02657866

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02657866

Keywords

Search

Navigation