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A kinetic model for metal + nonmetal reactions

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Abstract

In attempts to mathematically model the process of gasless self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) of materials, the existing chemical kinetic rate relations are found to be unable to explicitly account for the dependence of the reaction rate on reactant particle size, reactant proportions in the supply mixture, and presence of an inert. A rate expression is developed in this article based on the following mechanism: the metal melts and flows around the nonmetal particle; an intermediate (liquid) complex is formed; the metal ions diffuse from the melt, across the complex, to readily react with the nonmetal at its surface; the product of reaction is the complex itself, which dissolves on the metal-melt side at such a rate that the thickness of the complex is proportional to the instantaneous diameter of the nonmetal particle. As the concentration of the metal in the outer melt decreases with time, the nonmetal particle gradually becomes smaller. Coupling these two temporally varying quantities, a relation is obtained for the instantaneous rate as dependent on temperature, supply particle size, compaction density, reactant proportions, and the inert content.

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This article is based on a presentation made in the symposium “Reaction Synthesis of Materials” presented during the TMS Annual Meeting, New Orleans, LA, February 17–21, 1991, under the auspices of the TMS Powder Metallurgy Committee.

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Kanury, A.M. A kinetic model for metal + nonmetal reactions. Metall Trans A 23, 2349–2356 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02658036

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