Abstract
The activities and partial molar heats of mixing have been determined for the liquid Ge-Cu system at 1525°C and the liquid Ge-Au system at 1400°C. The experimental technique consisted of analyzing Knudsen cell effusates with a TOF mass spectrometer. The ion current ratios for the monomeric vapor species were measured as a function of temperature and composition and the thermodynamic properties calculated using a modified form of the Gibbs-Duhem equations. Both systems exhibited negative deviations from ideal behavior. The results for the Raoultian activity coefficients can be partially represented by
for the Ge-Cu system at 1525°C and by
for the Ge-Au system at 1400°C. An experimental technique is presented for determining the contribution of dissociative ionization of polymer species to the measured monomeric ion current ratio . The effect of dissociative ionization of the germanium polymer species present in the Knudsen ceil effusate was determined to be negligible.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J. P. Hager, S. M. Howard, and J. H. Jones:Met. Tram., 1970, vol. 1, pp. 415–22.
G. R. Beltonand R. J. Fruehan:J. phys. Chem., 1967, vol. 71, pp. 1403–09.
C. B. Alcock, R. Sridhar, and R. C. Svedberg:J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1970, vol.2, pp. 255–63.
G. Sodeck, P. Entner, and A. Neckel:High Temp. Sci, 1970, vol. 2, pp. 311–21.
M. Ackerman, F. E. Stafford, and J. Drowart:J. Chem. Phys., 1960, vol. 33, pp. 1784–89.
A. Kant and B. H. Strauss:J. Chem. Phys., 1968, vol. 49, pp. 3579–82.
J. Drowart, G. DeMaria, A. J. H. Boerboom, and M. G. Inghram:J. Chem. Phys., 1959, vol. 30, pp. 308–13.
R. E. Honig:J. Chem. Phys., 1953, vol. 21, pp. 573–74.
R. E. Honig:J. Chem. Phys., 1954, vol. 22, p. 1610.
A. W. Searcy and R. D. Freeman:J. Chem. Phys., 1955, vol. 23, pp. 88–90.
J. Drowart and R. E. Honig:J. Phys. Chem., 1957, vol. 61, pp. 980–85.
A. Kant and B. H. Strauss:J. Chem. Phys., 1966, vol. 45, pp. 822–26.
A. Neckel and S. Wagner:Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 1969, vol. 73, pp. 210–17.
R. Hultgren, R. L. Orr, P. D. Anderson, and K. K. Kelley:Supplement to Selected Values of Thermodynamic Properties of Metals and Alloys, University of California, Berkeley, Calif., March 1965 (Ge), August 1969 (Au), and October 1969 (Cu).
J. Reynolds and W. Hume-Rothery:J. Inst. Metals, 1956–57, vol. 85, pp. 119–27.
F. A. Trumbore:Bell System Tech. J., 1960, vol. 39, pp. 205–33.
M. Hansen:Constitution of Binary Alloys, 2nd ed., pp. 206–07, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1958.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Formerly Research Associate and Assistant, respectively, Colorado School of Mines
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hager, J.P., Howard, S.M. & Jones, J.H. Thermodynamic properties of the liquid Ge-Cu and Ge-Au systems by mass spectrometry. Metall Trans 4, 2383–2388 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02669379
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02669379