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Observation of an adiabatic shear band in AISI 4340 steel by high-voltage transmission electron microscopy

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Abstract

Adiabatic shear bands, formed in a hollow AISI 4340 steel cylinder subjected to dynamic expansion by means of an explosive charge placed in its longitudinal axis, were characterized. The adiabatic shear bands formed in this quenched and tempered steel were of the classical “transformed” type. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of etched surfaces revealed that alignment of the lamellae along the direction of shear seems to be the event that precedes shear localization. The transmission electron microscopy of a “white”-etching shear band having undergone a shear strain of approximately 4 revealed that it containedX (Fe5C2) carbides in a martensitic structure. These carbides were observed to form on (112) internal microtwins. Grains could not be resolved inside of the shear band, but they could be observed in the surrounding matrix material. A traverse of the shear band was made, and there existed no definite boundary between the matrix and the shear band. No evidence of a transformation to austenite was observed. Heat transfer calculations were conducted to help explain the features observed inside of the shear band. It is concluded that the “white”-etching bands, commonly referred to in the literature as “transformed” bands, do not exhibit a transformation at values of shear strain of up to 4. The enhanced reflectivity is an etching artifact and is possibly due to microstructural changes, a very small grain size, and carbide redissolution in the bands.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Honeywell Defense Systems, 55343, Hopkins, MN

    C. L. Wittman

  2. Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials, University of California at San Diego, 92093, La Jolla

    M. A. Meyers

  3. Department of Metallurgy and Mineral Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 61801, Urbana, IL

    H. -R. Pak

Authors
  1. C. L. Wittman
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  2. M. A. Meyers
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  3. H. -R. Pak
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Additional information

Formerly with the Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801.

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Wittman, C.L., Meyers, M.A. & Pak, H.R. Observation of an adiabatic shear band in AISI 4340 steel by high-voltage transmission electron microscopy. Metall Trans A 21, 707–716 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02671941

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02671941

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