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Land Water Storage Changes from Ground and Space Geodesy: First Results from the GHYRAF (Gravity and Hydrology in Africa) Experiment

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Abstract

This paper is devoted to the first results from the GHYRAF (Gravity and Hydrology in Africa) experiment conducted since 2008 in West Africa and is aimed at investigating the changes in water storage in different regions sampling a strong rainfall gradient from the Sahara to the monsoon zone. The analysis of GPS vertical displacement in Niamey (Niger) and Djougou (Benin) shows that there is a clear annual signature of the hydrological load in agreement with global hydrology models like GLDAS. The comparison of GRACE solutions in West Africa, and more specifically in the Niger and Lake Chad basins, reveals a good agreement for the large scale annual water storage changes between global hydrology models and space gravity observations. Ground gravity observations done with an FG5 absolute gravimeter also show signals which can be well related to measured changes in soil and ground water. We present the first results for two sites in the Sahelian band (Wankama and Diffa in Niger) and one (Djougou in Benin) in the Sudanian monsoon region related to the recharge–discharge processes due to the monsoonal event in summer 2008 and the following dry season. It is confirmed that ground gravimetry is a useful tool to constrain local water storage changes when associated to hydrological and subsurface geophysical in situ measurements.

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Acknowledgments

This project is funded by the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) for 4 years (2008–2011). The strong logistic and manpower support found in Niger and Benin is available thanks to the Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD). Assistance of local water authorities in Niger and Benin is also warmly acknowledged. We also acknowledge the support of INSU-CNRS to run the AMMA-CATCH observatory in West Africa (http://www.amma-catch.org).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg, UMR 7516 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 67084, Strasbourg, France

    J. Hinderer, J. Pfeffer & J.-P. Boy

  2. Hydrosciences Montpellier, UMR 5569 CNRS, IRD, Université Montpellier 2, 34095, Montpellier, France

    M. Boucher, P. Genthon, L. Seguis & G. Favreau

  3. Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, Croul Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697-3100, USA

    C. De Linage

  4. LAREG/IGN, 77455, Marne la Vallée, France

    S. Nahmani & O. Bock

  5. Planetary Geodynamics Laboratory, code 698, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA

    J.-P. Boy

  6. Laboratoire d’étude des Transferts en Hydrologie et Environnement, UMR 5564 CNRS, INPG, IRD, Université Joseph Fourier, 38 041, Grenoble, France

    M. Boucher & M. Descloitres

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Correspondence to J. Hinderer.

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Members of the GHYRAF team are given in the Appendix.

Appendix: Members of the GHYRAF team

Appendix: Members of the GHYRAF team

F. Masson, Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg (UMR 7516 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg) 67084 Strasbourg, France; Y. Rogister, Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg (UMR 7516 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg) 67084 Strasbourg, France; F. Littel, Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg (UMR 7516 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg) 67084 Strasbourg, France; B. Luck, Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg (UMR 7516 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg) 67084 Strasbourg, France; M. Calvo Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg (UMR 7516 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg) 67084 Strasbourg, France; B. Cappelaere, Hydrosciences Montpellier (UMR 5569 CNRS, IRD, Université Montpellier 2) 34095 Montpellier, France; C. Peugeot, Hydrosciences Montpellier (UMR 5569 CNRS, IRD, Université Montpellier 2) 34095 Montpellier, France; F. Delclaux, Hydrosciences Montpellier (UMR 5569 CNRS, IRD, Université Montpellier 2) 34095 Montpellier, France; M. Oi Hydrosciences Montpellier (UMR 5569 CNRS, IRD, Université Montpellier 2) 34095 Montpellier, France; A. Santamaria-Gomez, LAREG/IGN 77455 Marne la Vallée, France; R. Bayer, Géosciences Montpellier (UMR 5243 CNRS, Université Montpellier 2) 34095 Montpellier, France; C. Champollion, Géosciences Montpellier (UMR 5243 CNRS, Université Montpellier 2) 34095 Montpellier, France; P. Collard, Géosciences Montpellier (UMR 5243 CNRS, Université Montpellier 2) 34095 Montpellier, France; N. Le Moigne, Géosciences Montpellier (UMR 5243 CNRS, Université Montpellier 2) 34095 Montpellier, France; M. Diament, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (UMR 7154 CNRS, IPGP, Université Paris 7) 75252 Paris, France; S. Deroussi, 7 Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (UMR 7154 CNRS, IPGP, Université Paris 7) 75252 Paris, France; O. de Viron, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (UMR 7154 CNRS, IPGP, Université Paris 7) 75252 Paris, France; R. Biancale, Dynamique terrestre et planétaire (UMR 5562 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier) 31400 Toulouse, France; J.-M. Lemoine, Dynamique terrestre et planétaire (UMR 5562 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier) 31400 Toulouse, France; P. Gegout, Dynamique terrestre et planétaire (UMR 5562 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier) 31400 Toulouse, France; S. Galle, Laboratoire d’étude des Transferts en Hydrologie et Environnement (UMR 5564 CNRS, INPG, IRD, Université Joseph Fourier) 38 041 Grenoble, France; J.-P. Laurent, Laboratoire d’étude des Transferts en Hydrologie et Environnement (UMR 5564 CNRS, INPG, IRD, Université Joseph Fourier) 38 041 Grenoble, France; M.-N. Bouin, Météo France, Centre de Météorologie Marine, 29604 Brest, France; M. Calvo, Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid, Spain; A. Santamaria-Gomez, Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid, Spain; G. Woppelmann, Université de La Rochelle, CNRS, UMR 6250 LIENSS, La Rochelle, France; A. Zannou, Direction Générale de l’Eau, Cotonou, Bénin; Y. Nazoumou, Département de Géologie, Université Abdou Moumouni, Niamey, Niger.

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Hinderer, J., Pfeffer, J., Boucher, M. et al. Land Water Storage Changes from Ground and Space Geodesy: First Results from the GHYRAF (Gravity and Hydrology in Africa) Experiment. Pure Appl. Geophys. 169, 1391–1410 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-011-0417-9

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