Abstract
Date palm biomass is a renewable natural resource that has not widely been utilized in industry. The objective of this study was to examine some chemical properties of date palm trunk and rachis (holocellulose, cellulose, lignin and extractives) and to evaluate their suitability to produce composite panels. Particleboards were produced using trunk and rachis as an alternative raw material for forest products industry in the presence of two types of polycondensation resins (phenol–formaldehyde and melamine urea–formaldehyde) which were selected as binding agents. The panels were tested for their physical (water absorption and thickness swelling) and mechanical (modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and internal bond strength) properties. The internal bond strength of date palm trunk and date palm rachis based boards met the requirements of the general purpose product standards (EN 312) at 0.70 g/cm3 density. The panels made with phenol–formaldehyde resin showed better performance with respect to the panels made with melamine urea–formaldehyde. In addition, the particleboard made with date palm trunk particles had better quality compared to the particleboard made from date palm rachis particles. Based on preliminary results of this work, raw materials from date palm trunks and rachis can have a promising potential in the manufacture of particleboards and as a substitute for wood in board production.
Zusammenfassung
Die Biomasse der Dattelpalme ist ein natürlicher nachwachsender Rohstoff, dessen industrielle Nutzung noch nicht weit verbreitet ist. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, einige chemische Eigenschaften (Holocellulose, Cellulose, Lignin und Extraktstoffe) des Stamms und der Rhachis der Dattelpalme zu untersuchen und deren Eignung für die Herstellung von Verbundplatten zu beurteilen. Spanplatten wurden unter Verwendung von Stamm und Rhachis als alternativen Rohstoff für die Holzindustrie und zwei verschiedenen Polykondensationsharzen (Phenolformaldehyd und Melamin-Harnstoff-Formaldehyd) als Bindemittel hergestellt. Die physikalischen (Wasseraufnahme und Dickenquellung) sowie die mechanischen (Biegefestigkeit, Elastizitätsmodul und Querzugfestigkeit) Eigenschaften der Platten wurden geprüft. Die Querzugfestigkeit von Platten aus Spänen des Dattelpalmenstamms und der–rhachis mit einer Dichte von 0.70 g/cm³erfüllten die Anforderungen an Platten für allgemeine Zwecke gemäß EN 312. Die mit Phenolformaldehyd hergestellten Platten wiesen bessere Eigenschaften auf als die mit Melamin-Harnstoff-Formaldehydharz hergestellten Platten. Die mit Spänen aus dem Stamm der Dattelpalme hergestellten Platten erwiesen sich als besser als die mit Spänen aus der Rhachis hergestellten Platten. Basierend auf diesen vorläufigen Ergebnissen lässt sich sagen, dass Rohstoffe aus dem Stamm und der Rhachis von Dattelpalmenholz ein vielversprechendes Ersatzmaterial für die Plattenherstellung sein könnte.
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Amirou, S., Zerizer, A., Pizzi, A. et al. Particleboards production from date palm biomass. Eur. J. Wood Prod. 71, 717–723 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-013-0730-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-013-0730-3