Skip to main content
Erschienen in: European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 5/2015

01.09.2015 | Original

Microstructural, mechanical and physical properties of post heat-treated melamine-fortified urea formaldehyde-bonded particleboard

verfasst von: S. H. Lee, W. C. Lum, A. Zaidon, M. Maminski

Erschienen in: European Journal of Wood and Wood Products | Ausgabe 5/2015

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

This study aims at evaluating the effects of heat treatment on microstructural, mechanical and physical properties of experimentally manufactured particleboard from rubberwood. Two types of heating methods, namely oven and hot press, were used in this study. Samples of the particleboard were heat-treated at six levels of temperature (100, 120, 140, 160, 180 and 200 °C) for a heating time of 10 min. Meanwhile, controlled boards were kept untreated for comparison purposes. After the treatment, the samples showed improvement in dimensional stability as the wettability and equilibrium moisture content of the treated samples decreased. No significant reduction in the mechanical properties was observed. Anti-swelling efficiency (ASE) of 35 % was obtained when heating the samples at 200 °C using the hot press method. An ASE of 12 % was observed when the samples were heated in an oven at the same temperature. Deformation and collapse of cell walls and lumens were observed when the samples were treated at 200 °C. From the results, substantial improvement was obtained in terms of dimensional stability accompanied by a minor decrease in the strength of the samples.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Back E, Sandström E (1982) Critical aspects on accelerated methods for predicting weathering resistance of wood based panels. Holz Roh Werkst 40:61–75CrossRef Back E, Sandström E (1982) Critical aspects on accelerated methods for predicting weathering resistance of wood based panels. Holz Roh Werkst 40:61–75CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Basturk MA (2012) Heat applied chitosan treatment on hardwood chips to improve physical and mechanical properties of particleboard. BioResources 7(4):4858–4866CrossRef Basturk MA (2012) Heat applied chitosan treatment on hardwood chips to improve physical and mechanical properties of particleboard. BioResources 7(4):4858–4866CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bekhta P, Niemz P (2003) Effect of high temperature on the change in colour, dimensional stability and mechanical properties of spruce wood. Holzforschung 57:539–546CrossRef Bekhta P, Niemz P (2003) Effect of high temperature on the change in colour, dimensional stability and mechanical properties of spruce wood. Holzforschung 57:539–546CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Blomberg J, Persson B, Blomberg A (2005) Effect of semi-isostatic densification of wood on the variation in strength properties with density. Wood Sci Technol 39:339–350CrossRef Blomberg J, Persson B, Blomberg A (2005) Effect of semi-isostatic densification of wood on the variation in strength properties with density. Wood Sci Technol 39:339–350CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Boonstra MJ, Tjeerdsma BF (2006) Chemical analysis of heat treated softwoods. Holz Roh Werkst 64:204–211CrossRef Boonstra MJ, Tjeerdsma BF (2006) Chemical analysis of heat treated softwoods. Holz Roh Werkst 64:204–211CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Boonstra MJ, Pizzi A, Ohlmeyer M, Paul W (2006) The effects of a two stage heat treatment process on the properties of particleboard. Holz Roh Werkst 64(2):157–164CrossRef Boonstra MJ, Pizzi A, Ohlmeyer M, Paul W (2006) The effects of a two stage heat treatment process on the properties of particleboard. Holz Roh Werkst 64(2):157–164CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Burmester A (1973) Effect of Heat-pressure-treatments of semi-dry wood on its dimensional stability. Holz Roh Werkst 31:237–243CrossRef Burmester A (1973) Effect of Heat-pressure-treatments of semi-dry wood on its dimensional stability. Holz Roh Werkst 31:237–243CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Chang CI, Keith CT (1978) Properties of heat-darkened wood. II. Mechanical properties and gluability. Eastern Forest Products Laboratory, Canada Chang CI, Keith CT (1978) Properties of heat-darkened wood. II. Mechanical properties and gluability. Eastern Forest Products Laboratory, Canada
Zurück zum Zitat Dirol D, Guyonnet R (1993) The improvement of wood durability by retification process. International research group on wood preservation, IRG/WP 93–40015, Sweden Dirol D, Guyonnet R (1993) The improvement of wood durability by retification process. International research group on wood preservation, IRG/WP 93–40015, Sweden
Zurück zum Zitat Edvardsen K, Sandland KM (1999) Increased drying temperature—its influence on the dimensional stability of wood. Holz Roh Werkst 57:207–209CrossRef Edvardsen K, Sandland KM (1999) Increased drying temperature—its influence on the dimensional stability of wood. Holz Roh Werkst 57:207–209CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Esteves BM, Domingos IJ, Pereira HM (2008a) Pine wood modification by heat treatment in air. Bioresources 3(1):142–154 Esteves BM, Domingos IJ, Pereira HM (2008a) Pine wood modification by heat treatment in air. Bioresources 3(1):142–154
Zurück zum Zitat Esteves BM, Graca J, Pereira HM (2008b) Extractive composition and summative chemical analysis of thermally treated eucalypt wood. Holzforschung 62:344–351CrossRef Esteves BM, Graca J, Pereira HM (2008b) Extractive composition and summative chemical analysis of thermally treated eucalypt wood. Holzforschung 62:344–351CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Giebeler E (1983) Dimensional stabilization of wood by moisture-heat-pressure- treatment. Holz Roh Werkst 41(3):87–94CrossRef Giebeler E (1983) Dimensional stabilization of wood by moisture-heat-pressure- treatment. Holz Roh Werkst 41(3):87–94CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat H’ng PS, Loh YW, Lee SH, Lum WC, Tan BH (2011) Production of low formaldehyde emission particleboard by using new formulated formaldehyde based resin. Asian J Sci Res 4(3):264–270CrossRef H’ng PS, Loh YW, Lee SH, Lum WC, Tan BH (2011) Production of low formaldehyde emission particleboard by using new formulated formaldehyde based resin. Asian J Sci Res 4(3):264–270CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat H’ng PS, Lee SH, Lum WC (2012) Effect of post heat treatment on dimensional stability of UF bonded particleboard. Asian J Appl Sci 5(5):299–306CrossRef H’ng PS, Lee SH, Lum WC (2012) Effect of post heat treatment on dimensional stability of UF bonded particleboard. Asian J Appl Sci 5(5):299–306CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Haider A, Nguyen HL, Müller U, Endesfelder A (2009) Melamine-resin based wood plastic composites (WPC)—heat resistance. Eur J Wood Prod 67(1):71–76CrossRef Haider A, Nguyen HL, Müller U, Endesfelder A (2009) Melamine-resin based wood plastic composites (WPC)—heat resistance. Eur J Wood Prod 67(1):71–76CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hietala S, Maunu SL, Sundholm F, Jämsä S, Viitaniemi P (2002) Structure of thermally modified wood studied by liquid state NMR measurements. Holzforschung 56(5):522–528CrossRef Hietala S, Maunu SL, Sundholm F, Jämsä S, Viitaniemi P (2002) Structure of thermally modified wood studied by liquid state NMR measurements. Holzforschung 56(5):522–528CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hill CAS (2006) Wood modification—chemical, thermal and other processes. Wiley, Chichester, p 239CrossRef Hill CAS (2006) Wood modification—chemical, thermal and other processes. Wiley, Chichester, p 239CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hill CAS, Papadopoulos AN (2001) A review of methods used to determine the size of cell wall microvoids of wood. J Inst Wood Sci 15(6):337–345 Hill CAS, Papadopoulos AN (2001) A review of methods used to determine the size of cell wall microvoids of wood. J Inst Wood Sci 15(6):337–345
Zurück zum Zitat Hillis WE (1984) High temperature and chemical effects on wood stability. Wood Sci Technol 18:281–293CrossRef Hillis WE (1984) High temperature and chemical effects on wood stability. Wood Sci Technol 18:281–293CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hsu WE, Schwald W, Shields JA (1989) Chemical and physical changes required for producing dimensionally stable wood-based composites. Part 2: chemical and physical changes required for producing dimensionally stable wood-based composites. Wood Sci Technol 23(3):281–288CrossRef Hsu WE, Schwald W, Shields JA (1989) Chemical and physical changes required for producing dimensionally stable wood-based composites. Part 2: chemical and physical changes required for producing dimensionally stable wood-based composites. Wood Sci Technol 23(3):281–288CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hujanen DR (1973) Comparison of three methods for dimensionally stabilizing wafer-type particleboard. Forest Prod J 23(6):29–30 Hujanen DR (1973) Comparison of three methods for dimensionally stabilizing wafer-type particleboard. Forest Prod J 23(6):29–30
Zurück zum Zitat Jämsä S, Viitaniemi P (2001) Heat treatment of wood—better durability without chemicals. In: Proceedings of special seminar held in Antibes, France Jämsä S, Viitaniemi P (2001) Heat treatment of wood—better durability without chemicals. In: Proceedings of special seminar held in Antibes, France
Zurück zum Zitat Kakaras IA, Papadopoulos AN (2004) The effects of drying temperature of wood chips upon the internal bond strength of particleboard. J Inst Wood Sci 16(5):277–279 Kakaras IA, Papadopoulos AN (2004) The effects of drying temperature of wood chips upon the internal bond strength of particleboard. J Inst Wood Sci 16(5):277–279
Zurück zum Zitat Kariz M, Kitek Kuzman M, Sernek M (2013) The effect of the heat treatment of spruce wood on the curing of melamine-urea-formaldehyde and polyurethane adhesives. J Adhes Sci Technol 27(17):1911–1920CrossRef Kariz M, Kitek Kuzman M, Sernek M (2013) The effect of the heat treatment of spruce wood on the curing of melamine-urea-formaldehyde and polyurethane adhesives. J Adhes Sci Technol 27(17):1911–1920CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kollmann F, Fengel D (1965) Changes of the chemical composition of wood by heat treatment. Holz Roh Werkst 23(12):461–468 Kollmann F, Fengel D (1965) Changes of the chemical composition of wood by heat treatment. Holz Roh Werkst 23(12):461–468
Zurück zum Zitat Kubojima Y, Okano T, Ohta M (2000) Vibrational properties of heat-treated green wood. J Wood Sci 46(1):63–67CrossRef Kubojima Y, Okano T, Ohta M (2000) Vibrational properties of heat-treated green wood. J Wood Sci 46(1):63–67CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lee SH, H’ng PS, Peng TL, Lum WC (2013) Response of Coptotermes curvignathus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) to formaldehyde catcher-treated particleboard. Pak J Biol Sci 16:1415–1418PubMedCrossRef Lee SH, H’ng PS, Peng TL, Lum WC (2013) Response of Coptotermes curvignathus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) to formaldehyde catcher-treated particleboard. Pak J Biol Sci 16:1415–1418PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Millett MA, Gerhards GC (1972) Accelerated aging: residual weight and flexural properties of wood heated in air at 115 °C to 175 °C. Wood Sci 4(4):193–201 Millett MA, Gerhards GC (1972) Accelerated aging: residual weight and flexural properties of wood heated in air at 115 °C to 175 °C. Wood Sci 4(4):193–201
Zurück zum Zitat Mitchell P (1998) Irreversible property changes of small loblolly pine specimens heated in air, nitrogen, or oxygen. Wood Fiber Sci 20(3):320–333 Mitchell P (1998) Irreversible property changes of small loblolly pine specimens heated in air, nitrogen, or oxygen. Wood Fiber Sci 20(3):320–333
Zurück zum Zitat Nemli G, Ozturk I (2006) Influence of some factors on formaldehyde content of particleboard. Build Environ 41:770–774CrossRef Nemli G, Ozturk I (2006) Influence of some factors on formaldehyde content of particleboard. Build Environ 41:770–774CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ogland NJ, Emilsson EB (1951) The effect of heat treatment on the bending strength and elasticity of hardboards. Svensk-PappTidn 54(17):597–600 Ogland NJ, Emilsson EB (1951) The effect of heat treatment on the bending strength and elasticity of hardboards. Svensk-PappTidn 54(17):597–600
Zurück zum Zitat Pétrissans M, Géradin P, El-Bakali I, Seraj M (2003) Wettability of heat-treated wood. Holzforschung 57(3):301–307CrossRef Pétrissans M, Géradin P, El-Bakali I, Seraj M (2003) Wettability of heat-treated wood. Holzforschung 57(3):301–307CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Podgorski L, Chevet B, Onic L, Merlin A (2000) Modification of wood wettability by plasma and corona treatments. Int J Adhes Adhes 20(2):103–111CrossRef Podgorski L, Chevet B, Onic L, Merlin A (2000) Modification of wood wettability by plasma and corona treatments. Int J Adhes Adhes 20(2):103–111CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Rowell RM, Banks WB (1985) Water repellency and dimensional stability of wood. General technical Report FPL-50. Madison, WI, US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, p 24 Rowell RM, Banks WB (1985) Water repellency and dimensional stability of wood. General technical Report FPL-50. Madison, WI, US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, p 24
Zurück zum Zitat Rusche H (1973) Thermal degradation of wood at temperatures up to 200 °C-Part II: reaction Kinetics of loss of mass during heat treatment of wood. Holz Roh Werkst 31(8):307–312CrossRef Rusche H (1973) Thermal degradation of wood at temperatures up to 200 °C-Part II: reaction Kinetics of loss of mass during heat treatment of wood. Holz Roh Werkst 31(8):307–312CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Shen KC (1974) Improving the surface quality of particleboard by high-temperature pressing. Forest Prod J 24(10):36–39 Shen KC (1974) Improving the surface quality of particleboard by high-temperature pressing. Forest Prod J 24(10):36–39
Zurück zum Zitat Smith TM (1994) Heat transfer dynamics. Tappi J 77(8):239–245 Smith TM (1994) Heat transfer dynamics. Tappi J 77(8):239–245
Zurück zum Zitat Stamm AJ (1964) Wood and cellulose science. The Ronald Press Co. New York, p 549 Stamm AJ (1964) Wood and cellulose science. The Ronald Press Co. New York, p 549
Zurück zum Zitat Stamm AJ, Burr HK, Staybwood Kline AA (1946) Heat stabilized wood. Ind Eng Chem 38(6):630–634CrossRef Stamm AJ, Burr HK, Staybwood Kline AA (1946) Heat stabilized wood. Ind Eng Chem 38(6):630–634CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Suchsland O, Xu H (1991) Model analysis of flakeboard variables. Forest Prod J 41:55–60 Suchsland O, Xu H (1991) Model analysis of flakeboard variables. Forest Prod J 41:55–60
Zurück zum Zitat Tiemann HD (1915) The effect of different methods of drying on the strength of wood. Lumber World Rev 28(7):19–20 Tiemann HD (1915) The effect of different methods of drying on the strength of wood. Lumber World Rev 28(7):19–20
Zurück zum Zitat Tjeerdsma BF, Boonstra M, Militz H (1998) Thermal modification of nondurable wood species 2. Improved wood properties of thermal treated wood. International Research Group on wood preservation, IRG/WP/98-40124, IRG/WP, Sweden Tjeerdsma BF, Boonstra M, Militz H (1998) Thermal modification of nondurable wood species 2. Improved wood properties of thermal treated wood. International Research Group on wood preservation, IRG/WP/98-40124, IRG/WP, Sweden
Zurück zum Zitat Weiland JJ, Guyonnet R (2003) Study of chemical modifications and fungi degradation of thermally modified wood using DRIFT spectroscopy. Holz Roh Werkst 61(3):216–220 Weiland JJ, Guyonnet R (2003) Study of chemical modifications and fungi degradation of thermally modified wood using DRIFT spectroscopy. Holz Roh Werkst 61(3):216–220
Zurück zum Zitat Winandy J, Lebow P (2001) Modeling strength loss in wood by chemical composition. Part I. An individual component modern for southern pine. Wood Fiber Sci 33(2):239–254 Winandy J, Lebow P (2001) Modeling strength loss in wood by chemical composition. Part I. An individual component modern for southern pine. Wood Fiber Sci 33(2):239–254
Zurück zum Zitat Zaidon A, Faizah A, Norhairul Nizam M, Mohd Nur Y, Paridah MT, Nor Yuziah Y, Jalaluddin H (2008) Properties of pyrethroids-treated particleboards manufactured from rubberwood and oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB). Pertanika J Trop Agric Sci 31(2):171–178 Zaidon A, Faizah A, Norhairul Nizam M, Mohd Nur Y, Paridah MT, Nor Yuziah Y, Jalaluddin H (2008) Properties of pyrethroids-treated particleboards manufactured from rubberwood and oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB). Pertanika J Trop Agric Sci 31(2):171–178
Metadaten
Titel
Microstructural, mechanical and physical properties of post heat-treated melamine-fortified urea formaldehyde-bonded particleboard
verfasst von
S. H. Lee
W. C. Lum
A. Zaidon
M. Maminski
Publikationsdatum
01.09.2015
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
European Journal of Wood and Wood Products / Ausgabe 5/2015
Print ISSN: 0018-3768
Elektronische ISSN: 1436-736X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-015-0924-y

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 5/2015

European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 5/2015 Zur Ausgabe