Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Comparison of phenotypic and molecular distances to predict heterosis and F1 performance in Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun)

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Theoretical and Applied Genetics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Predicting heterosis and F1 performance from the parental generation could largely enhance the efficiency of breeding hybrid or synthetic cultivars. This study was undertaken to determine the relationship between parental distances estimated from phenotypic traits or molecular markers with heterosis, F1 performance and general combining ability (GCA) in Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata). Nine inbred lines representing seven different geographic regions of Ethiopia were crossed in half-diallel. The nine parents along with their 36 F1s were evaluated in a replicated field trail at three locations in Ethiopia. Distances among the parents were calculated from 14 phenotypic traits (Euclidean distance, ED) and 182 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers (Jaccard’s distances, JD), and correlated with heterosis, F1 performance and GCA sum of parents (GCAsum). The correlation between phenotypic and molecular distances was low (r=0.34, P≤0.05). Parents with low molecular distance also had low phenotypic distance, but parents with high molecular distance had either high, intermediate or low phenotypic distance. Phenotypic distance was highly significantly correlated with mid-parent heterosis (r=0.53), F1 performance (r=0.61) and GCA (r=0.79) for seed yield. Phenotypic distance was also positively correlated with (1) heterosis, F1 performance and GCA for plant height and seeds plant−1, (2) heterosis for number of pods plant−1, and (3) F1 performance for 1,000 seed weight. Molecular distance was correlated with GCAsum (r=0.36, P≤0.05) but not significantly with heterosis and F1 performance for seed yield. For each parent a mean distance was calculated by averaging the distances to the eight other parents. Likewise, mean heterosis was estimated by averaging the heterosis obtained when each parent is crossed with the other eight. For seed yield, both mean ED and JD were significantly correlated with GCA (r=0.90, P≤0.01 for ED and r=0.68, P≤0.05 for JD) and mean heterosis (r=0.79, P≤0.05 for ED and r=0.77, P≤0.05 for JD). In conclusion, parental distances estimated from phenotypic traits better predicted heterosis, F1 performance and GCA than distances estimated from RAPD markers.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ali M, Copeland LO, Elias SG, Kelly JD (1995) Relationship between genetic distance and heterosis for yield and phenotypic traits in winter canola (Brassica napus L.). Theor Appl Genet 91:118–121

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amersham International PLC (1997) Nucleon extraction and purification protocols

  • Becker HC, Engqvist GM (1995) The potential of resynthesized rapeseed for hybrid breeding. In: Proceedings of 9th international rapeseed conference, Cambridge, UK 4–7 July 1995, pp 113–115

  • Becker HC, Löptien H, Röbbelen G (1999) Breeding: an overview. In: Gomez-Campo C (ed) Biology of Brassica Coenospecies. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 413–460

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Bernardo R (1992) Relationship between single-cross performance and molecular heterozygosity. Theor Appl Genet 83:628–634

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burstin J, Charcosset A (1997) Relationship between phenotypic and marker distances: theoretical and experimental investigations. Heredity 79:477–483

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burstin J, Charcosset A, Barriere Y, Hebert Y, De Vienne D, Damerval C (1995) Molecular markers and protein quantities as genetic descriptor in maize. II. Prediction of performance of hybrids for forage traits. Plant Breed 114:427–433

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • CSA (Central Statistics Authority) (2003) Agriculture sample survey 2002/2003. Report on area and production for major crops. Statistical bulletin 200, CSA, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia

  • Cress CE (1966) Heterosis of the hybrid related to gene frequency differences between two populations. Genetics 53:86–94

    Google Scholar 

  • Demeke T, Adams RP, Chibbar R (1992) Potential taxonomic use of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD): a case study in Brassica. Theor Appl Genet 84:990–994

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dianrong L (1999) Hybrid seed production in rapeseed. Heterosis and hybrid seed production in agronomic crops. In: Basra AS (ed) Food product press. New York, pp 217–260

  • Diers BW, McVetty PBE, Osborn TC (1996) Relationship between heterosis and genetic distance based on restriction fragment length polymorphism markers in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Crop Sci 36:79–83

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dos Santos JB, Nienhuis J, Skroch P, Tivang J, Slocum MK (1994) Comparison of RAPD and RFLP genetic markers in determining genetic similarity among Brassica oleracea L. genotypes. Theor Appl Genet 87:909–915

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Falconer DS, Mackay TFC (1996) Introduction to quantitative genetics, 4th edn. Longman, England

    Google Scholar 

  • Falk KC, Rakow GFW, Downey RK, Spurr DT (1994) Performance of inter-cultivar summer turnip rape hybrids in Saskatchewan. Can J Plant Sci 74:441–445

    Google Scholar 

  • Frauen M, Noaack J, Paulmann W, Grosse F (2003) Development and perspective of MSL-hybrids in winter oilseed rape in Europe. In: Proceedings of 11th international rapeseed conference, 6–10 July 2003, Copenhagen, Denmark, pp 316–318

  • Girke A (2002) Neue Genpools aus resynthetisiertem Raps (Brassica napus L.) für die Hybridzüchtung. Dissertation, Universität Göttingen: http://www.webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/diss/2002/girke/girke.pdf

  • Hallden C, Hansen M, Nilsson N-O, Hjerdin A, Sall T (1996) Competition as a source of errors in RAPD analysis. Theor Appl Genet 93:1185–1192

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jaccard P (1908) Nouvelles recherches sur la distribution florale. Bull Soc Voud Sci Nat 44:223–270

    Google Scholar 

  • Jain A, Bhatia S, Banga SS, Prakash S, Lakshmikumaran M (1994) Potential use of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique to study the genetic diversity in Indian mustard (B. juncea) and its relationship to heterosis. Theor Appl Genet 88:116–122

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Knaak C and Ecke W (1995) Genetic diversity and F1 performance in European Winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). In: Proceedings of 9th international rapeseed conference, Cambridge, 4–7 July 1995, pp 110–112

  • Lefort-Buson M, Guillot-Lemoine B, Dattee Y (1986) Heterosis and genetic distance in rapeseed: (Brassica napus L.). Use of different indicators of genetic divergence in a 7 × 7 diallel. Agronomie 6:839–844

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leon J, Becker HC (1995) Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Genetics. In: Diepenbrock W, Becker HC (eds) Physiological potential for yield improvement of annual oil and protein crops. Adv Plant Breed. Supplement to the Journal Plant Breeding, Blackwell Wiss. Verlag, Berlin, Wien, 17:53–90

  • McVetty PBE (1995) Review of performance and seed production of hybrid Brassicas. In: Proceedings of 9th international rapeseed conference, Cambridge, 4–7 July 1995, pp 98–103

  • Melchinger AE (1999) Genetic diversity and heterosis. In: Coors CG, Pandey S (eds) genetics and exploitation of heterosis in crops. American society of Agronomy, Madison, pp 99–118

    Google Scholar 

  • Moll RH, Lonnquist JH, Velez Fortuno J, Johnson EC (1965) The relationship of heterosis and genetics divergence in maize. Genetics 52:139–144

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pradhan AK, Sodhi YS, Mukeropandhyay A, Pental D (1993) Heterosis breeding in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.): analysis of component characters contributing to heterosis for yield. Euphytica 69:219–229

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rakow G (1995) Developments in the breeding of edible oil in other Brassica specie. In: Proceedings of 9th international rapeseed conference, 4–7 July, 1995, Cambridge, pp 401–406

  • Riaz A, Li G, Quresh Z, Swati MS, Quiros CF (2001) Genetic diversity of oilseed Brassica napus inbred lines based on sequence-related amplified polymorphism and its relation to hybrid performance. Plant Breed 120:411–415

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Riday H, Brummer CE, Campbell A, Luth D, Cazcarro PM (2003) Comparisons of genetic and morphological distances with heterosis between Medicago stiva subsp. Sativa and subsp. falactas. Euphytica 131:37–45

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rohlf FJ (2001) NTSYS-pc numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system. Exeter Publ, Setauket

    Google Scholar 

  • Shen J, Lu G, Fu T, Yang G (2003) Relationship between heterosis and genetic distance based on AFLPs in Brassica napus. In: Proceedings of 11th international rapeseed conference, Copenhagen, Denmark, 6–10 July 2003, pp 343–346

  • Simmonds NW (1979) Principles of crop improvement. Longman Group, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh D (2003) Genetic improvement in Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) vis a vis mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss.). In: Proceedings 11th international rapeseed conference, Copenhagen, Denmark, 6–10 July 2003, pp 513

  • Sneath PH, Sokal RR (1973) Numerical taxonomy. Freeman and Company, San Francisco

    Google Scholar 

  • Teklewold A (2005) Diversity study based on quality traits and RAPD markers and investigation of heterosis in Ethiopian mustard. PhD dissertation Georg-August University of Göttingen

  • Teklewold A, Becker HC (2005a) Heterosis and combining ability in a diallel cross of Ethiopian mustard inbred lines. Crop Sci (in press)

  • Teklewold A, Becker HC (2005b) Geographic pattern of genetic diversity among 43 Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) accessions as revealed by RAPD analysis. Genet Resour Crop Evol (in press)

  • Thormann CE, Ferreira ME, Camargo LEA, Tivang JG, Osborn TC (1994) Comparison of RFLP and RAPD markers for estimating genetic relationships within and among cruciferous species. Theor Appl Genet 88:973–980

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Utz HF (2001) PLABSTAT: a computer program for the statistical analysis of plant breeding experiments. Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart

  • Velasco L, Fernandez-Martinez J, De Haro A (1995) Isolation of induced mutants in Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata Braun) with low levels of erucic acid. Plant Breed 114:454–456

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yu CY, Hu SW, Zhao HX, Guo AG (2005) Genetic distances revealed by morphological characters, isozymes, protein and RAPD markers and their relationships with Hybrid performance in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Theor Appl Genet 110:511–518

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The first author was a recipient of Ph.D. fellowship from Catholic Academic Exchange Service (KAAD), Germany. The authors are grateful for the technical help provided by Tadesse Debele, Kassahun Kumssa, Tadesse Deme, Wondemagne W/semyat and the staff of Kulumssa Research Centre for Oil Crops.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Holetta Research Centre, Ethiopian Agricultural Research Organization, 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Adefris Teklewold

  2. Institute of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Georg-August University, Von-Siebold Str-8, 37075, Gottingen, Germany

    Adefris Teklewold & Heiko C. Becker

Authors
  1. Adefris Teklewold
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Heiko C. Becker
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Adefris Teklewold.

Additional information

Communicated by A. Charcosset

Electronic supplementary material

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Teklewold, A., Becker, H.C. Comparison of phenotypic and molecular distances to predict heterosis and F1 performance in Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun). Theor Appl Genet 112, 752–759 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-005-0180-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-005-0180-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation