Abstract
Twenty eight surface water samples were collected from fourteen sites of the West Bokaro coalfield, India. The concentration of Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni, As, Se, Al, Cr, Ba, and Fe were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for determination of seasonal fluctuations and a heavy metal pollution index (HPI). The HPI values were below the critical pollution index value of 100. Metal concentrations were higher in the pre-monsoon season as compared to the post-monsoon season. The Zn, Ni, Mn, As, Se, Al, Ba, Cu, and Cr concentrations did not exceed the desirable limits for drinking water in either season. However, at many sites, concentrations of Fe were above the desirable limit of the WHO (2006) and Indian drinking water standard (BIS 2003) in both seasons. The water that contained higher concentrations of Fe would require treatment before domestic use.
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Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to the Director, Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad to providing research facilities and also thankful to Professor D. C. Panigarhi, Director, Indian School of Mines for his kind support. One of the authors (Ashwani Kumar Tiwari) is grateful to ISM/MHRD/Government of India and European Commission (Erasmus Mundus AREaS+ Program) for Grant support. Our hearty thanks to the Editor-in-Chief and anonymous reviewer for his valuable suggestions to improve the study in the present form.
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Tiwari, A.K., De Maio, M., Singh, P.K. et al. Evaluation of Surface Water Quality by Using GIS and a Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI) Model in a Coal Mining Area, India. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 95, 304–310 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-015-1558-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-015-1558-9