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Electrochemical evaluation and determination of antiretroviral drug fosamprenavir using boron-doped diamond and glassy carbon electrodes

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Abstract

Fosamprenavir is a pro-drug of the antiretroviral protease inhibitor amprenavir and is oxidizable at solid electrodes. The anodic oxidation behavior of fosamprenavir was investigated using cyclic and linear sweep voltammetry at boron-doped diamond and glassy carbon electrodes. In cyclic voltammetry, depending on pH values, fosamprenavir showed one sharp irreversible oxidation peak or wave depending on the working electrode. The mechanism of the oxidation process was discussed. The voltammetric study of some model compounds allowed elucidation of the possible oxidation mechanism of fosamprenavir. The aim of this study was to determine fosamprenavir levels in pharmaceutical formulations and biological samples by means of electrochemical methods. Using the sharp oxidation response, two voltammetric methods were described for the determination of fosamprenavir by differential pulse and square-wave voltammetry at the boron-doped diamond and glassy carbon electrodes. These two voltammetric techniques are 0.1 M H2SO4 and phosphate buffer at pH 2.0 which allow quantitation over a 4 × 10−6 to 8 × 10−5 M range using boron-doped diamond and a 1 × 10−5 to 1 × 10−4 M range using glassy carbon electrodes, respectively, in supporting electrolyte. All necessary validation parameters were investigated and calculated. These methods were successfully applied for the analysis of fosamprenavir pharmaceutical dosage forms, human serum and urine samples. The standard addition method was used in biological media using boron-doped diamond electrode. No electroactive interferences from the tablet excipients or endogenous substances from biological material were found. The results were statistically compared with those obtained through an established HPLC-UV technique; no significant differences were found between the voltammetric and HPLC methods.

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Acknowledgments

This work was realized the BAS 100 W equipment which is supplied from Ankara University Scientific Research Foundation Projects (Grant No: 20030803037 and 20030803043). We are grateful to Dr. Jose Luis Beltran from University of Barcelona for the STAR program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, 06100, Turkey

    Mehmet Gumustas & Sibel A. Ozkan

  2. Faculty of Art & Science, Department of Chemistry, Hitit University, Corum, 19040, Turkey

    Mehmet Gumustas

Authors
  1. Mehmet Gumustas
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  2. Sibel A. Ozkan
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Correspondence to Sibel A. Ozkan.

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Gumustas, M., Ozkan, S.A. Electrochemical evaluation and determination of antiretroviral drug fosamprenavir using boron-doped diamond and glassy carbon electrodes. Anal Bioanal Chem 397, 189–203 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-009-3334-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-009-3334-3

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