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Flow and heat transfer characteristics of drag reducing surfactant solution in a helically coiled pipe

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Abstract

The reduction characteristic of turbulent drag and heat transfer of drag reduction surfactant solution flowing in a helically coiled pipe were experimentally investigated. The drag reduction surfactant used in the present study was the amine oxide type nonionic surfactant of oleyldihydroxyethylamineoxide (ODEAO, C22H45NO3=371). The zwitterion surfactant of cetyldimethylaminoaciticacidbetaine (CDMB, C20H41NO2=327) was added by 10% to the ODEAO solution in order to avoid the chemical degradation of ODEAO by ionic impurities in a test tape water. The experiments of flow drag and heat transfer reduction were carried out in the helically coiled pipe of coil to pipe diameter ratio of 37.5 and the helically coiled pipe length to pipe diameter of 1180.5 (pipe diameter of 14.4 mm) at various concentrations, temperatures and flow velocities of the ODEAO surfactant solution. The ODEAO solution showed a non-Newtonian behavior at high concentration of the ODEAO. From the experimental results, it was observed that the friction factor of the ODEAO surfactant solution flowing through the coiled pipe was decreased to a great extent in comparison with water as a Newtonian fluid in the turbulent flow region. Heat transfer measurements for water and the ODEAO solution were performed in both laminar and turbulent flow regions under the uniform heat flux boundary condition. The heat transfer coefficients for the ODEAO solution flow were the same as water flow in the laminar region. On the other hand, heat transfer reduction of the ODEAO solution flow was remarkedly reduced as compared with that of the water flow in the turbulent flow region.

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Abbreviations

C :

Surfactant concentration (ppm)

C c :

Non-dimensional surfactant concentration

C p :

specific heat at constant pressure J kg−1 K−1

d :

Inner diameter of pipe (m)

D :

Coil diameter (m)

D c :

Diameter of curvature (m)

Dn:

Dean number= Re(d/D)1/2

Dn′ :

Modified Dean number=′Re(d/D)1/2

DR:

Drag reduction ratio (%)

f :

Friction factor

Gz:

Graetz number=RePr/z

Gz′:

Modified Graetz number=Re′Pr′/z

h :

Heat transfer coefficient (W m−2 K−1)

HTR:

Heat transfer reduction ratio (%)

k :

Thermal conductivity of test fluid (W m−1 K−1)

K :

Consistency index of power law fluid (Pa sn)

L :

Length of the coil (m)

n :

Power law exponent of power law fluid

Nu:

Nusselt number=hd/k

p :

Pressure (Pa)

P :

Pitch of the coil (m)

ppm:

Parts per million (mass basis)

Pr:

Prandtl number=Cpμ /k

Pr′:

Modified Prandtl number, defined in Eq. 16

q :

Heat flux, (W m−2)

Re:

Reynolds number=ρ Um d/μ

Re′:

Modified Reynolds number, defined in Eq. 5

T :

Temperature (°C)

T c :

Non-dimensional surfactant temperature

U :

Velocity of the test fluid (m s−1)

x :

Axial distance of coiled pipe (m)

z :

Dimensionless axial distance=x/d

ρ:

Density of test fluid (kg m−3)

τ:

Shear stress (N m−2)

\(\dot \gamma\) :

Shear rate, s−1

Δ:

Difference operator

μ:

Newtonian fluid viscosity (Pa s)

ν:

Function of K and n of power law fluid=8n-1 K

b:

Bulk value

c:

Coiled pipe

m:

Mean value

L:

Laminar flow

T:

Turbulent flow

s:

Surfactant solution

S:

Straight pipe

w:

Wall

W:

Water

x :

Local value at axial distance of coiled pipe

crit:

Critical value

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Acknowledgements

Wael I. A. Aly is grateful to the Egyptian Government for supporting him during his study in Japan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan

    Hideo Inaba, Naoto Haruki & Akihiko Horibe

  2. Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan

    Wael I. A. Aly

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  1. Hideo Inaba
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  3. Naoto Haruki
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  4. Akihiko Horibe
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Correspondence to Hideo Inaba.

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Inaba, H., Aly, W.I.A., Haruki, N. et al. Flow and heat transfer characteristics of drag reducing surfactant solution in a helically coiled pipe. Heat Mass Transfer 41, 940–952 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-004-0599-0

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