Abstract
Drying characteristics of cotton stalk were investigated at four temperatures (60, 80, 100 and 120 °C) using a simultaneous thermal analyzer (TG-DSC). Heat requirements of cotton stalk during drying were calculated ranging from 189 to 406 kJ/kg. Consequently, Midilli-Kucuk model showed the best fit to experimental drying data. The values of effective diffusivity ranged from 4.38 × 10−9 to 8.15 × 10−9 m2/s, and the activation energy was calculated to be 11.6 kJ/mol.
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Abbreviations
- a, b, k, n :
-
Drying parameters
- k 0 :
-
Drying constants (1/min)
- D eff :
-
Effective moisture diffusivity (m2/s)
- MR exp,i :
-
Experimental moisture ratio
- MR pre,i :
-
Predicted moisture ratio
- M e :
-
Equilibrium moisture content (kg water/kg wet matter)
- M 0 :
-
Initial moisture content (kg water/kg wet matter)
- M :
-
Moisture content at any time of drying (kg water/kg wet matter)
- N :
-
Number of observations
- z :
-
Constant, positive integer
- n :
-
Number of drying constants
- R :
-
The ideal gas constant (J/mol K)
- R 2 :
-
Determination of coefficient
- χ 2 :
-
Reduced Chi-square
- t :
-
Drying time (s)
- T :
-
Drying temperature (°C)
- L :
-
Half thickness of the sample pan (m)
- D 0 :
-
The pre-exponential factor (m2/s)
- E a :
-
The activation energy for drying (kJ/mol)
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Acknowledgments
The authors thank National Natural Science Foundation of China (50930006, 50876099), National Basic Research Program of China (2007CB210203), and Knowledge Innovative Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KGCX2-YW-306) for financial support.
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Chen, D., Li, M. & Zhu, X. TG-DSC method applied to drying characteristics and heat requirement of cotton stalk during drying. Heat Mass Transfer 48, 2087–2094 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-012-1050-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-012-1050-6