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Qualitative Analysis of Additives in Plastic Marine Debris and Its New Products

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Abstract

Due to their formulation and/or processing, plastics contain additives and impurities that may leach out under conditions of use and accumulate in the environment. To evaluate their role as vectors of chemical contaminants in marine environment, plastic debris (n = 19) collected from coastal beaches along with new plastics (n = 25; same or same brand) bought from local markets were screened by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in full scan mode. Detected peaks were identified using NIST library in different polymers (polypropylene (PP) > polyethylene (PE) > PP + PE > polyethyl terephthalate > poly(acylene:styrene) with different use (food, fishery, and general use). A database on the presence of 231 different chemicals were grouped into hydrocarbons, ultra-violet (UV)-stabilizers, antioxidants, plasticizers, lubricants, intermediates, compounds for dyes and inks, flame retardants, etc. The UV326, UV327, UV328, UV320, UvinualMC80, irganox 1076, DEHP, antioxidant no 33, di-n-octylisophthalate, diisooctyl phthalate, hexanoic acid 2-ethyl-hexadecyl ester, and hydrocarbons were most frequently detected. Finding of toxic phthalates and UV stabilizers in those products having moisture contact (like bottles with short use) raised concern to humans and indicated their irregular use. The comparison between new and debris plastics clearly indicated the leaching and absorption of chemicals and supports our assumption of plastic as media for transferring these additives in marine environment.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by a research project titled “Environmental Risk Assessment of Microplastics in the Marine Environment” from the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, Korea.

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  1. Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Jangmok-myon 391, Geoje, 656-834, Republic of Korea

    Manviri Rani, Won Joon Shim, Gi Myung Han, Mi Jang, Najat Ahmed Al-Odaini, Young Kyong Song & Sang Hee Hong

  2. University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 305-320, Republic of Korea

    Won Joon Shim, Mi Jang, Young Kyong Song & Sang Hee Hong

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  1. Manviri Rani
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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. This study was funded by research project titled “Environmental Risk Assessment of Microplastics in the Marine Environment” from the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, Korea.

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Rani, M., Shim, W.J., Han, G.M. et al. Qualitative Analysis of Additives in Plastic Marine Debris and Its New Products. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 69, 352–366 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-015-0224-x

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