Abstract
Operation of microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) without an ion exchange membrane could help to lower the construction costs while lowering the ohmic cell resistance and improving MEC conversion rates by minimizing the pH gradient between anode and cathode. In this research, we demonstrate that membraneless MECs with plain graphite can be operated for methane production without pH adjustment and that the ohmic cell resistance could be lowered with approximately 50% by removing the cation exchange membrane. As a result, the current production increased from 66 ± 2 to 156 ± 1 A m−3 MEC by removing the membrane with an applied voltage of −0.8 V. Methane was the main energetic product despite continuous operation under carbonate-limited and slightly acidified conditions (pH 6.1–6.2). Our results suggest that continuous production of hydrogen in membraneless MECs will be challenging since methane production might not be avoided easily. The electrical energy invested was not always completely recovered under the form of an energy-rich biogas; however, our results indicate that membraneless MECs might be a viable polishing step for the treatment of the effluent of anaerobic digesters as methane was produced under low organic loading conditions and at room temperature.
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Acknowledgments
The useful comments of Caitlyn Shea, Robert Nerenberg, Pieter Van de Caveye, Liesje De Schamphelaire, and Jingxing Ma are kindly acknowledged. This research was funded by a Ph.D grant (IWT grant 53305) of the Institute for the Promotion of Innovation through Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT-Vlaanderen) and by MIP-2007-04-Sewage Plus.
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Clauwaert, P., Verstraete, W. Methanogenesis in membraneless microbial electrolysis cells. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 82, 829–836 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-008-1796-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-008-1796-4