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Microbial diversity observed during hemp retting

  • Environmental biotechnology
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Abstract

Historically used in textile and paper industry, hemp fibres have started to find new applications in composite materials with important economic and ecological advantages. However, their applications are limited since manufacturers have some difficulties to standardise fabrication processes. This study is a first step before selection and isolation of strains that could later be used to optimise microbial retting efficiency and hence fibre quality. We studied six samples harvested on different ground types, at different dates and with different retting durations on field to obtain an exhaustive representation of the process. After DNA extraction, total bacteria and fungi associated with stems during retting were specifically quantified using real-time PCR. Then, using sequence analysis of randomly cloned 16S and 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, a phylogenetic characterisation of the dominant microorganisms was carried out. Quantitatively, we showed that there were 8.1–9.5 log10 16S rRNA gene copies per gram of hemp straw for bacteria and 8.6–9.6 log10 18S rRNA gene copies per gram for fungi. Qualitatively, we noticed a higher bacterial diversity in comparison to fungi. This work showed that in the different samples, the same species were present but in significantly different proportions according to ground type, harvest dates and retting durations on field. The most frequent bacterial sequences were affiliated to species Escherichia coli, Pantoea agglomerans, Pseudomonas rhizosphaerae, Rhodobacter sp., Pseudomonas fulva, Rhizobium huautlense and Massilia timonae, whereas fungal sequences were principally related to the genera Cladosporium and Cryptococcus.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Ester Pereira for technical assistance in isolating bacterial and fungal strains for the future studies. We thank Antonia Suau for revising the manuscript. This work was financially supported by Fibres Recherche Développement®, France.

Conflict of interest

There is no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 2 Rue Conté, 75003, Paris, France

    Alexandra Ribeiro, Philippe Pochart & Irène Mangin

  2. Fibres Recherche Développement®, Technopole de l’Aube en Champagne, 10450, Bréviandes, France

    Alexandra Ribeiro, Arnaud Day, Sarah Mennuni & Pierre Bono

  3. EA 4065 Cnam-Paris Descartes, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Paris Descartes, 4 Avenue de l’Observatoire, 75270, Paris Cedex 06, France

    Philippe Pochart & Irène Mangin

  4. Laboratoire Industries agroalimentaires, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 292 Rue St Martin, 75003, Paris, France

    Jean-Luc Baret

  5. Laboratoire Génomique, Bioinformatique et Applications, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 2 Rue Conté, 75003, Paris, France

    Jean-Louis Spadoni

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  1. Alexandra Ribeiro
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  2. Philippe Pochart
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Correspondence to Irène Mangin.

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Ribeiro, A., Pochart, P., Day, A. et al. Microbial diversity observed during hemp retting. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 99, 4471–4484 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-014-6356-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-014-6356-5

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