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Spatial distribution of metals in ground/surface waters in the Chandrapur district (Central India) and their plausible sources

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Environmental Geology

Abstract

This study addresses a framework to evaluate and map environmental hazard with reference to spatial distribution of major and trace metal contamination and its relationship with lithology in Chandrapur district of Maharashtra, India using geospatial, statistical and GIS tools. In all, 208 ground water and 35 surface water samples were collected using global positioning system (GPS) synoptically with satellite imagery IRS P6 LISS III and were analyzed in ICP-AES. Analytical results reflect the presence of major and trace metals in ground water in terms of % as Fe (48%), Mn (12%), Zn (9%), Al (8%), Pb (7%), Cu (6%), Ni (4%), Cd (3%) and Cr (3%) of the total average concentration. The contamination is attributed to weathering of rocks and also to mining activities. Similarly, surface water contribution of major and trace metals was found as Al (47.8%), Fe (42.8%), Mn (5.5%), Zn (2.3%), Pb (0.56%), Ni (0.42%), Cu (0.16%), Cr (0.16%) and Cd (0.10%) of the total average concentration. Ordinary kriging interpolation method was adopted to assess the spatial distribution of different major and trace metals in groundwater samples with their best model fit variogram Classical statistical method like principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out in order to establish correlation between spatial pattern of metal contamination and geology of the area in GIS environment. Various surface and subsurface aspects like landuse/land cover, structural features, hydrogeology, topography etc were also considered to ascertain their impact to supplement the inference of the study.

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Acknowledgments

I wish to thank Dr. Sukumar Devotta, Director, NEERI for his constant guidance and encouragement in thrust areas of work. I am indebted to my teacher for his constant encouragement and support that has been provided while carrying out the work. Results shown in this paper are derived from Ph.D. work performed at Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology (VNIT), Nagpur.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Systems Design and Modelling Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, India

    D. R. Satapathy

  2. Environmental Impact and Risk Assessment Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, India

    P. R. Salve

  3. Department of Civil Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology (VNIT), Nagpur, India

    Y. B. Katpatal

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  1. D. R. Satapathy
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  2. P. R. Salve
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  3. Y. B. Katpatal
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Correspondence to D. R. Satapathy.

Appendix

Appendix

Tables 6, 7

Table 6 Trace metals (μg/l) in groundwater
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Table 7 Trace metals (μg/l) in surface water
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Satapathy, D.R., Salve, P.R. & Katpatal, Y.B. Spatial distribution of metals in ground/surface waters in the Chandrapur district (Central India) and their plausible sources. Environ Geol 56, 1323–1352 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-008-1230-3

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