Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Polymer Bulletin 1/2012

01.01.2012 | Original Paper

Crosslinking and grafting ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer with accelerated electrons in the presence of polyfunctional monomers

verfasst von: Maria Daniela Stelescu, Elena Manaila, Gabriela Craciun, Niculina Zuga

Erschienen in: Polymer Bulletin | Ausgabe 1/2012

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

In this study, we have studied the effects of polyfunctional monomers (PFMs) on physical properties of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer crosslinked with electron beam (EB) or peroxides. The PFMs used were triallylcyanurate, triallylisocyanurate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, zinc diacrylate, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. Using PFMs has led to (1) optimum cure time t 90 decrease from 19′25″ to 17′30″–18′45″, (2) scorch time increase from 2′ to maximum 3′45″, (3) increasing the crosslink density of peroxide or EB-cured systems by increasing the efficiency of productive radical reactions. The most efficient PFM for EVA copolymer blends has been triallylisocyanurate. Tensile strength and tear strength of samples crosslinked with EB for all irradiation doses are significantly better than those obtained for samples crosslinked with peroxides (differences up to 190%). The results show that EB irradiation gave the best results

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Laakso R (2008) Handbook of specialty elastomers. In: Klingender RC (ed) Chapter 8—Compounding with chlorinated polyethylene. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, pp 289–300 Laakso R (2008) Handbook of specialty elastomers. In: Klingender RC (ed) Chapter 8—Compounding with chlorinated polyethylene. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, pp 289–300
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Shifeng W, Yong Z, Yinxi Z, Changming Z, Enjun L (2004) Crosslinking of polyvinyl chloride by electron beam irradiation in the presence of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. J Appl Polym Sci 91:1571–1575CrossRef Shifeng W, Yong Z, Yinxi Z, Changming Z, Enjun L (2004) Crosslinking of polyvinyl chloride by electron beam irradiation in the presence of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. J Appl Polym Sci 91:1571–1575CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Alvarez Grima MM (2007) Novel co-agents for improved properties in peroxide cure of saturated elastomers, PhD Thesis, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands Alvarez Grima MM (2007) Novel co-agents for improved properties in peroxide cure of saturated elastomers, PhD Thesis, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Oh SJ, Koenig JL (2000) Studies of Peroxide Curing of Polybutadiene/Zinc Diacrylate Blends By Fast FT-IR Imaging. Rubber Chem Technol 73:74–79CrossRef Oh SJ, Koenig JL (2000) Studies of Peroxide Curing of Polybutadiene/Zinc Diacrylate Blends By Fast FT-IR Imaging. Rubber Chem Technol 73:74–79CrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Endstra WC (1990) Application of coagents for peroxide cross-linking. Kautsch Gummi Kunstst 43(9):790–793 Endstra WC (1990) Application of coagents for peroxide cross-linking. Kautsch Gummi Kunstst 43(9):790–793
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Dikland H (1992) Co-agents in peroxide vulcanisation of EP(D)M rubber. University of Twente, Enschede Dikland H (1992) Co-agents in peroxide vulcanisation of EP(D)M rubber. University of Twente, Enschede
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Dikland H, Ruardy T, Vanderdoes L, Bantjes A (1993) New coagents in peroxide vulcanization of EPM. Rubber Chem Technol 66(5):693–711CrossRef Dikland H, Ruardy T, Vanderdoes L, Bantjes A (1993) New coagents in peroxide vulcanization of EPM. Rubber Chem Technol 66(5):693–711CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Class J (1999) A review of the fundamentals of crosslinking with peroxide. Rubber World 220(5):35–39 Class J (1999) A review of the fundamentals of crosslinking with peroxide. Rubber World 220(5):35–39
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Dluzneski PR (2001) Peroxide vulcanization of elastomers. Rubber Chem Technol 74:451–541CrossRef Dluzneski PR (2001) Peroxide vulcanization of elastomers. Rubber Chem Technol 74:451–541CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Baranwal KC, Stephens HL (2001) Basic elastomer technology, 1st edn. Rubber Division, American Chemical Society, Akron, USA Baranwal KC, Stephens HL (2001) Basic elastomer technology, 1st edn. Rubber Division, American Chemical Society, Akron, USA
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Dikland HG, Vanderdoes L, Bantjes A (1993) FT-IR spectroscopy, a major tool for the analysis of peroxide vulcanization processes in the presence of coagents, I.—Mechanism of EPM peroxide vulcanization with aromatic bis(allyl)esters a as coagents. Rubber Chem Technol 66(2):196–212CrossRef Dikland HG, Vanderdoes L, Bantjes A (1993) FT-IR spectroscopy, a major tool for the analysis of peroxide vulcanization processes in the presence of coagents, I.—Mechanism of EPM peroxide vulcanization with aromatic bis(allyl)esters a as coagents. Rubber Chem Technol 66(2):196–212CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Oh SJ, Koenig JL (1999) Studies of peroxide curing of cis-polyisoprene/diallyl phthalate blends by spectroscopie technique. Rubber Chem Technol 72:334–342CrossRef Oh SJ, Koenig JL (1999) Studies of peroxide curing of cis-polyisoprene/diallyl phthalate blends by spectroscopie technique. Rubber Chem Technol 72:334–342CrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Saethre B, Gilbert M (1996) Peroxide crosslinking of plasticized poly(vinyl chloride). Polymer 37(15):3379–3386CrossRef Saethre B, Gilbert M (1996) Peroxide crosslinking of plasticized poly(vinyl chloride). Polymer 37(15):3379–3386CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Murgic ZH, Jelenic J, Murgic L (1998) The mechanism of triallylcyanurate as a coagent in EPDM peroxide vulcanization. Polym Eng Sci 38(4):689–692CrossRef Murgic ZH, Jelenic J, Murgic L (1998) The mechanism of triallylcyanurate as a coagent in EPDM peroxide vulcanization. Polym Eng Sci 38(4):689–692CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Fellows CM (2009) Chapter 3—Mechanism and kinetics. In: Bhattacharya A, Rawlins JW, Ray P (eds) Polymer grafting and crosslinking. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, pp 65–92 Fellows CM (2009) Chapter 3—Mechanism and kinetics. In: Bhattacharya A, Rawlins JW, Ray P (eds) Polymer grafting and crosslinking. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, pp 65–92
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Copuroglu M, Sen M (2004) A comparative study of thermal ageing characteristics of polyethylene-co-vinyl acetate) and polyethylene-co-vinyl acetate)/carbon black mixture. Polym Adv Technol 15(7):393–399CrossRef Copuroglu M, Sen M (2004) A comparative study of thermal ageing characteristics of polyethylene-co-vinyl acetate) and polyethylene-co-vinyl acetate)/carbon black mixture. Polym Adv Technol 15(7):393–399CrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Thomas S, Kuriakose B, Gupta BR, De SK (1986) Effect of dynamic crosslinking on ethylene vinyl acetate thermoplastic elastomer. Plast Rubber Process Appl 6(2):101 Thomas S, Kuriakose B, Gupta BR, De SK (1986) Effect of dynamic crosslinking on ethylene vinyl acetate thermoplastic elastomer. Plast Rubber Process Appl 6(2):101
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Ray I, Khatsgir D (1994) Co-vulcanized blends of EVA–EPDM. Plast Rubber Process Appl 22(5):305–314 Ray I, Khatsgir D (1994) Co-vulcanized blends of EVA–EPDM. Plast Rubber Process Appl 22(5):305–314
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Mishra S, Bajewa B, Chandra RJ (1999) Studies on dynamic and static crosslinking of ethylene vinyl acetate and ethylene propylene diene tercopolymer blends. J Appl Polym Sci 74(11):2756–2763CrossRef Mishra S, Bajewa B, Chandra RJ (1999) Studies on dynamic and static crosslinking of ethylene vinyl acetate and ethylene propylene diene tercopolymer blends. J Appl Polym Sci 74(11):2756–2763CrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Li F, Zhu W, Zhang X, Zhao C, Xu M (1999) Shape memory effect of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers. J Appl Polym Sci 71(7):1063–1070CrossRef Li F, Zhu W, Zhang X, Zhao C, Xu M (1999) Shape memory effect of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers. J Appl Polym Sci 71(7):1063–1070CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Tai HJ (1999) Molecular structure evolution in peroxide-initiated crosslinking of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer and a metallocene polyolefin elastomer. Polym Eng Sci 39(9):1577–1583CrossRef Tai HJ (1999) Molecular structure evolution in peroxide-initiated crosslinking of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer and a metallocene polyolefin elastomer. Polym Eng Sci 39(9):1577–1583CrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Zattera AJ, Bianchi O, Oliveira RVB, Canto LB, Ferreira CA, Zeni M (2006) Influence of composition and crosslinking on mechanical and thermal properties of recycled polyethylene/EVA mixtures. Prog Rubber Plast Recy Technol 22(2):69–87 Zattera AJ, Bianchi O, Oliveira RVB, Canto LB, Ferreira CA, Zeni M (2006) Influence of composition and crosslinking on mechanical and thermal properties of recycled polyethylene/EVA mixtures. Prog Rubber Plast Recy Technol 22(2):69–87
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Chantara Thevy R, Nasir M, Baharin A, Khairul Z (2000) Electron beam irradiation of epoxidized natural rubber. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res B 171(4):455–464CrossRef Chantara Thevy R, Nasir M, Baharin A, Khairul Z (2000) Electron beam irradiation of epoxidized natural rubber. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res B 171(4):455–464CrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Jamaliah S, Sharifah H, Abdul Aziz, Kamaruddin H (2000) Radiation effects on LDPE/EVA blends. Radiat Phys Chem 58(2):191–195CrossRef Jamaliah S, Sharifah H, Abdul Aziz, Kamaruddin H (2000) Radiation effects on LDPE/EVA blends. Radiat Phys Chem 58(2):191–195CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Dutta SK, Bhowmick AK, Chaki TK (1996) Structure property relationship of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer grafted with triallyl cyanurate by electron beam radiation. Radiat Phys Chem 47(6):913–926CrossRef Dutta SK, Bhowmick AK, Chaki TK (1996) Structure property relationship of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer grafted with triallyl cyanurate by electron beam radiation. Radiat Phys Chem 47(6):913–926CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Tabata Y, Ito Y, Tagawa S (1991) Handbook of radiation chemistry. CRC Press, Boca Raton Tabata Y, Ito Y, Tagawa S (1991) Handbook of radiation chemistry. CRC Press, Boca Raton
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Makuuchi K, Haglwara M (1984) Radiation vulcanization of natural rubber latex with polyfunctional monomers. J Appl Polym Sci 29:965–976CrossRef Makuuchi K, Haglwara M (1984) Radiation vulcanization of natural rubber latex with polyfunctional monomers. J Appl Polym Sci 29:965–976CrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Technical Reports Series No. 277 Absorbed dose determination in photon and electron beams. International Atomic Energy Agency, 4, (Vienna, 1987) Technical Reports Series No. 277 Absorbed dose determination in photon and electron beams. International Atomic Energy Agency, 4, (Vienna, 1987)
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Holm NW, Berry RJ (eds) (1970) Manual on radiation dosimetry. Marcel Dekker, New York Holm NW, Berry RJ (eds) (1970) Manual on radiation dosimetry. Marcel Dekker, New York
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Xu Y, Youssef HA, Yoshii F, Makuuchi K et al (1993) In: Proceedings of the seventh symposium on elastomers, Japan Rubber Society, Tokyo, October 1993, pp 58–61; Yasin T, Ahmed S, Ahmed M, Yoshii, F (2005) Effect of concentration of polyfunctional monomers on physical properties of acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber under electron-beam irradiation. Rad Phys Chem 73(3):155–158 Xu Y, Youssef HA, Yoshii F, Makuuchi K et al (1993) In: Proceedings of the seventh symposium on elastomers, Japan Rubber Society, Tokyo, October 1993, pp 58–61; Yasin T, Ahmed S, Ahmed M, Yoshii, F (2005) Effect of concentration of polyfunctional monomers on physical properties of acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber under electron-beam irradiation. Rad Phys Chem 73(3):155–158
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Stelescu MD, Georgescu M, Manaila E (2010) Aspects regarding crosslinking of a natural rubber blend. In: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference advanced materials and systems, Bucharest, 16–18 September 2010, pp 313–318 Stelescu MD, Georgescu M, Manaila E (2010) Aspects regarding crosslinking of a natural rubber blend. In: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference advanced materials and systems, Bucharest, 16–18 September 2010, pp 313–318
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Zuga MD, Iovu H, Trandafir V, Manaila E, Martin D, Stelescu M (2007) Study on the preparation of some biocomposites based on silicone elastomers and collagen. J Optoelectr Adv Mater 9(11):3325–3329 Zuga MD, Iovu H, Trandafir V, Manaila E, Martin D, Stelescu M (2007) Study on the preparation of some biocomposites based on silicone elastomers and collagen. J Optoelectr Adv Mater 9(11):3325–3329
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Stelescu MD, Vaslan M, Manaila E (2008) Materials based on chlorinates polyethylene obtained by crosslinking and grafting by accelerated electrons in the presence of trialylcyanurated. In: Advanced materials and systems Proceedings of the 2nd international conference, CERTEX Publishing House, Bucharest, 23–24 octombrie 2008, pp 96–101 Stelescu MD, Vaslan M, Manaila E (2008) Materials based on chlorinates polyethylene obtained by crosslinking and grafting by accelerated electrons in the presence of trialylcyanurated. In: Advanced materials and systems Proceedings of the 2nd international conference, CERTEX Publishing House, Bucharest, 23–24 octombrie 2008, pp 96–101
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Stelescu MD, Niculescu-Aron IG, Manaila E (2009) Processing and statistical analysis of the experimental data resulted from EPDM rubber grafting and crosslinking with accelerated electrons in the presence of TMPT. Mater Plast 46(1):48–52 Stelescu MD, Niculescu-Aron IG, Manaila E (2009) Processing and statistical analysis of the experimental data resulted from EPDM rubber grafting and crosslinking with accelerated electrons in the presence of TMPT. Mater Plast 46(1):48–52
Metadaten
Titel
Crosslinking and grafting ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer with accelerated electrons in the presence of polyfunctional monomers
verfasst von
Maria Daniela Stelescu
Elena Manaila
Gabriela Craciun
Niculina Zuga
Publikationsdatum
01.01.2012
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Polymer Bulletin / Ausgabe 1/2012
Print ISSN: 0170-0839
Elektronische ISSN: 1436-2449
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-011-0629-2

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2012

Polymer Bulletin 1/2012 Zur Ausgabe

    Marktübersichten

    Die im Laufe eines Jahres in der „adhäsion“ veröffentlichten Marktübersichten helfen Anwendern verschiedenster Branchen, sich einen gezielten Überblick über Lieferantenangebote zu verschaffen.