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Surface analysis of paper documents damaged by foxing

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Abstract

The causes of foxing, a rust-red spotting of engravings, books and archive documents, are not yet completely understood, but they are usually ascribed to mould growth and/or heavy-metal-induced degradation of cellulose and sizing materials. In the present work we report the use of attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, image analysis and atomic force microscopy as non-destructive tools for the surface analysis of foxing stains in respect of their chemical and physical characteristics.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. INFM and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Genova, 16146, Genova, Italy

    R. Buzio & U. Valbusa

  2. S.B.A.P., Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali, Via Balbi 10, 16126, Genova, Italy

    P. Calvini

  3. Laboratorio di Restauro e Conservazione di Opere su Carta, Via Ravasco 4/1, 16128, Genova, Italy

    A. Ferroni

Authors
  1. R. Buzio
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  2. P. Calvini
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  3. A. Ferroni
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  4. U. Valbusa
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to U. Valbusa.

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PACS

83.80.Mc; 61.43.Hv; 68.35.Ct; 87.64.Je; 68.37.Ps

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Buzio, R., Calvini, P., Ferroni, A. et al. Surface analysis of paper documents damaged by foxing. Appl. Phys. A 79, 383–387 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-004-2540-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-004-2540-2

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