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Study of synergistic effect among photo-, electro-, and sonoprocesses in photocatalyst degradation of phenol on tungsten-loaded titania nanotubes composite electrode

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Abstract

The degradation of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) in aqueous solution with different processes was investigated. Tungsten-loaded titania nanotubes (WT-NTs) were used as electrode in photocatalytic (PC), sonophotocatalytic (SPC), photoelectrocatalytic (PEC), and sonophotoelectrocatalytic (SPEC) processes. WT-NTs electrode was fabricated by in situ anodization of titanium in a single-step process using sodium tungstate as the tungsten source. The morphology and structure were characterized by FE-SEM, XRD, and EDX. Experimental results showed that the hybrid processes could efficiently enhance the degradation efficiency of 4-NP and followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. At the optimized experimental conditions, the rate constants of degradation of 4-NP were 0.0594 min−1 for SPEC process, 0.0293 min−1 for PEC process, 0.0211 min−1 for SPC process, and 0.0116 min−1 for PC process. The rate constants indicated that there existed synergistic effect in the ultrasonic, electro-assisted, and photocatalytic processes.

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Acknowledgments

The author would like to acknowledge the financial support of Iranian Nanotechnology Society and Isfahan University of Technology (IUT) Research Council.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran

    Mohamad Mohsen Momeni

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  1. Mohamad Mohsen Momeni
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Correspondence to Mohamad Mohsen Momeni.

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Momeni, M.M. Study of synergistic effect among photo-, electro-, and sonoprocesses in photocatalyst degradation of phenol on tungsten-loaded titania nanotubes composite electrode. Appl. Phys. A 119, 1413–1422 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-015-9114-3

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