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Influence of extra virgin olive oil diet enriched with hydroxytyrosol in a chronic DSS colitis model

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Abstract

Purpose

Recent epidemiological studies have shown that habitual consumption of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), the characteristic culinary fat of the Mediterranean area, is effective in the prevention of diverse types of digestive disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease. Many of these benefits are, in addition to its high proportion of oleic acid, due to the high content of phenolic compounds.

Methods

Six-week-old mice were randomized into three dietary groups: standard, EVOO and hydroxytyrosol-enriched EVOO. After 30 days, mice that were exposed to 3% DSS for 5 days developed acute colitis that progressed to severe chronic inflammation during a regime of 21 days of water.

Results

Diets enriched with EVOO significantly attenuated the clinical and histological signs of damage, improving results from disease activity index and reducing about 50% the mortality caused by DSS. Moreover, hydroxytyrosol supplement showed better results. Cytokines study showed that TNF-α was maintained near to sham control and IL-10 levels were significantly improved in EVOO and EVOO plus hydroxytyrosol diet-DSS groups. In the same way, COX-2 and iNOS were downregulated, and the activation of p38 MAPK was reduced. We also observed a higher significant reduction in iNOS in hydroxytyrosol-enriched EVOO compared with EVOO alone.

Conclusions

EVOO diets exerted a noteworthy beneficial effect in chronic DSS-induced colitis by cytokine modulation and COX-2 and iNOS reduction via downregulation of p38 MAPK. In addition to the beneficial effect by EVOO, supplementation of the diet with hydroxytyrosol may improve chronic colitis through iNOS downregulation plus its antioxidant capacity.

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Acknowledgments

The research was supported in part by grants from Ministerio de Ciencia y tecnología (AGL 2008-02475) and Junta de Andalucía (Spain). The authors are grateful to Teresa Lopez-Soto (Department of English Language, University of Seville) for revision of grammar and linguistic style.

Conflict of interest

The authors have declared no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Profesor Garcia González no 2 Street, Seville, Spain

    Susana Sánchez-Fidalgo, L. Sánchez de Ibargüen, A. Cárdeno & C. Alarcón de la Lastra

Authors
  1. Susana Sánchez-Fidalgo
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  2. L. Sánchez de Ibargüen
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  3. A. Cárdeno
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  4. C. Alarcón de la Lastra
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Susana Sánchez-Fidalgo.

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L. Sánchez de Ibargüen has to be considerate equal as the first author.

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Sánchez-Fidalgo, S., Sánchez de Ibargüen, L., Cárdeno, A. et al. Influence of extra virgin olive oil diet enriched with hydroxytyrosol in a chronic DSS colitis model. Eur J Nutr 51, 497–506 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-011-0235-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-011-0235-y

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