Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Amplifiers and Lasers in PCF Configurations

  • Published:
Journal of Optical and Fiber Communications Reports

Abstract

In this paper we will present an overview of the use of photonic crystal fibers as fiber amplifiers. We will describe the basic concepts of optical amplification, and how to do numerical modelling of such components. We will then identify advantages and disadvantages of amplifiers based on PCF technology compared to conventional fibers, and then go into greater detail on some of these specific applications, such as low pump power amplifiers, and high-power double-clad amplifiers and lasers.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. A. Bjarklev, Optical Fiber Amplifiers (Artech House, 1993).

  2. E. Desurvire, Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers: Principles and Applications (Wiley-Interscience, 1994).

  3. E. Desurvire, D. Bayart, B. Desthieux, and S. Bigo, Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers—Device and Systems Developments (Wiley-Interscience, 2002).

  4. W.J. Miniscalco (1991) ArticleTitleErbium-Doped Glasses for Fibre Amplifiers at 1500 Nm. J. Lightwave Technol. 9 IssueID2 234–250 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXktlOms7o%3D Occurrence Handle1991JLwT....9..234M

    CAS  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. P. Adel C. Fallnich (2002) ArticleTitleHigh-Power Ultra-Broadband Mode-Locked Yb3+-Fiber Laser with 118 Nm Bandwidth. Opt. Express 10 IssueID14 622–627 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XmtVykurw%3D Occurrence Handle2002OExpr..10..622A

    CAS  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. J. Limpert T. Schreiber S. Nolte H. Zellmer A. Tünnermann R. Iliew F. Lederer J. Broeng G. Vienne A. Petersson C. Jakobsen (2003) ArticleTitleHigh-Power Air-Clad Large-Mode-Area Photonic Crystal Fiber Laser. Opt. Express 11 IssueID7 818–823 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXktlWhsLY%3D Occurrence Handle10.1364/OE.11.000818 Occurrence Handle2003OExpr..11..818L

    Article  CAS  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. Y. Jeong J.K. Sahu R.B. Williams D.J. Richardson K. Furusawa J. Nilsson (2003) ArticleTitleYtterbium-Doped Large-Core Fibre Laser with 272 W Output Power. Electron. Lett. 39 IssueID13 977–978 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXmtVWrurY%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. H. Zellmer K. Plamann G. Huber H. Scheife A. Tünnermann (1998) ArticleTitleVisible Double-Clad Upconversion Fibre Laser. Electron. Lett. 34 IssueID6 565–567 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXisFyitL4%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. A. Tünnermann H. Zellmer S. Buteau H. Welling (1997) ArticleTitleAll Fibre Laser System with 0.1 W Output Power in Blue Spectral Range. Electron. Lett. 33 IssueID16 1383–1384

    Google Scholar 

  10. K. Furusawa A. Malinowski J.H.V. Price T.M. Monro J.K. Sahu J. Nilsson D.J. Richardson (2001) ArticleTitle Cladding Pumped Ytterbium-Doped Fiber Laser with Holey Inner and Outer Cladding. Opt. Express 9 IssueID13 714–720 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XhtVaisrc%3D Occurrence Handle2001OExpr...9..714F

    CAS  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. W.J. Wadsworth R.M. Percival G. Bouwmans J.C. Knigh P.St.J. Russell (2003) ArticleTitleHigh Power Air-Clad Photonic Crystal Fibre Laser. Opt. Express 11 IssueID1 48–53 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXhtlKks7s%3D Occurrence Handle2003OExpr..11...48W Occurrence Handle10.1364/OE.11.000048

    Article  CAS  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. T.A. Briks J.C. Knight P.St. Russell (1997) ArticleTitleEndlessly Single-Mode Photonic Crystal Fiber. Opt. Lett. 22 IssueID13 961–963 Occurrence Handle1997OptL...22..961B

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. J. C. Knight T. A. Birks P.St.J. Russel J.P. Sandro (1998) ArticleTitleProperties of photonic crystal fiber and the effective index model. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 15 748 Occurrence Handle1998OSAJ...15..748K

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. B. Pedersen A. Bjarklev J. H. Poulsen K. Dybdal C.C. Larsen (1991) ArticleTitleThe Design of Erbium-Doped Fibre Amplifiers. J. Lightwave Technol. 9 1105–1112 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXmtFyis7o%3D Occurrence Handle1991JLwT....9.1105P

    CAS  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. R. Paschotta J. Nilssona A.C. Tropper D.C. Hanna (1997) ArticleTitleYtterbium-Doped Fibre Amplifiers. IEEE J. Quant. Electron. 33 IssueID7 1049–1056 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXktVCjtrs%3D Occurrence Handle1997IJQE...33.1049P

    CAS  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. Steven G. Johnson J. D. Joannopoulos (2001) ArticleTitleBlock-iterative frequency-domain methods for Maxwell’s equations in a planewave basis. Opt. Express 8 IssueID3 173–190 Occurrence Handle2001OExpr...8..173J Occurrence Handle10.1364/OE.8.000173

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. F. Brechet J. Marcou D. Pagnoux P. Roy (2000) ArticleTitleComplete Analysis of the Characteristics of Propagation into Photonic Crystal Fibers, by the Finite Element Method Opt. Fiber Technol. 6 IssueID2 181–191 Occurrence Handle2000OptFT...6..181B

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. K.G. Hougaard J. Broeng A. Bjarklev (2003) ArticleTitleLow Pump Power Photonic Crystal Fibre Amplifiers Electron. Lett. 39 IssueID7 599–600

    Google Scholar 

  19. W.H. Press, B.P. Flannery, S. A. Teukolsky, and W.T. Vetterling, Numerical Recipes in C—The Art of Scientific Computing (Cambridge University Press,1993).

  20. Anders Bjarklev, Jes Broeng, and Araceli Sanchez Bjarklev, Photonic Crystal Fibres (Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003).

  21. Govind P. Agrawal, Fiber-Optic Communications Systems (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1997).

  22. R.F. Cregan B.J. Mangan J.C. Knight T.A. Birks P.St.J. Russett P.J. Roberts D.C. Allan (1999) ArticleTitleSingle-Mode Photonic Band Gap Guidance of Light in Air. Science 285 IssueID5433 1537–1539 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXlslOrsbw%3D Occurrence Handle10477511

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. J.C. Knight T.A. Birks R.F. Cregan P.St.J. Russell J.-P. Sandro Particlede (1998) ArticleTitleLarge mode area photonic crystal fibre Electron. Lett. 34 IssueID13 1347–1348

    Google Scholar 

  24. T. Sorensen J. Broeng A. Bjarklev E. Knudsen S.E.B. Libori (2001) ArticleTitleMacro-bending loss properties of photonic crystal fibre, Electron. Lett. 37 IssueID5 287–289

    Google Scholar 

  25. N.A. Mortensen M.D. Nielsen J.R. Folkenberg A. Petersson H.R. Simonsen (2003) ArticleTitleImproved large-mode-area endlessly single-mode photonic crystal fibers. Opt. Lett. 28 IssueID6 393–395 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3s7ktlOjsw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle12659257 Occurrence Handle2003OptL...28..393M

    CAS  PubMed  ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. W.J. Wadsworth, J.C. Knight, P.St.J. Russell, Large Mode Area Photonic Crystal Fibre Laser, Conference Proceedings—Lasers and Electro-Optics Society Annual Meeting (CLEO), 2001, page 319.

  27. J. Jasapara, R. Bise, and R. Windeler, Chromatic dispersion measurements in a photonic bandgap fiber, Conference on Optical Fiber Communication, Technical Digest Series, 70, 519--521, 2002.

  28. Federica Poli Annamaria Cucinotta Matteo Fuochi Stefano Selleri Luca Vincetti (2003) ArticleTitleCharacterization of microstructured optical fibers for wideband dispersion compensation. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A. 20 IssueID10 1958–1962 Occurrence Handle2003OSAJ...20.1958P

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. B. Pedersen K. Dybdal C.D. Hansen A. Bjarklev J.H. Povlsen H. Vendeltorp-Pommer C.C. Larsen (1990) ArticleTitleDetailed theoretical and experimental investigation of high-gain erbium-doped fiber amplifier. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 2 IssueID12 863–865 Occurrence Handle1990IPTL....2..863P

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. D.T. Reid I.G. Cormack W.J. Wadsworth J.C. Knight P.St.J. Russell (2002) ArticleTitleSoliton self-frequency shift effects in photonic crystal fibre. J. Mod. Opt. 49 757–767 Occurrence Handle2002JMOp...49..757R

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. Jinendra K. Ranka Robert S. Windeler Andrew J. Stentz (2000) ArticleTitleFiber Optics and Optical Communications—Visible continuum generation in air-silica microstructure optical fibers with anomalous dispersion at 800 nm. Opt. Lett. 25 IssueID1 25–27 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXks1yltw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle2000OptL...25...25R

    CAS  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. P. Leproux S. Février V. Doya P. Roy D. Pagnoux (2001) ArticleTitleModeling and Optimization of Double-Clad Fiber Amplifiers Using Chaotic Propagation of the Pump. Opt. Fiber Technol. 6 324–339 Occurrence Handle2001OptFT...7..324L

    ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center COM, Technical University of Denmark, DTU - Building 345V, DK-2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark

    Kristian Hougaard & Frederik D. Nielsen

Authors
  1. Kristian Hougaard
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Frederik D. Nielsen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kristian Hougaard.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hougaard, K., Nielsen, F. Amplifiers and Lasers in PCF Configurations. J Optic Comm Rep 1, 63–83 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10297-004-0018-9

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10297-004-0018-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation