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Partial breaching of Hattian Bala Landslide Dam formed in the 8th October 2005 Kashmir Earthquake, Pakistan

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Abstract

The 8th October 2005 Kashmir Earthquake of magnitude 7.6 triggered a huge landslide 3.5 km upstream of Hattian Bala town in the state of Azad Jammu Kashmir of Pakistan. The debris mass blocked two tributaries of the Karli branch of the Jhelum River and was breached on 9th February 2010. This debris dam provided us with a rare opportunity to keep careful and continuous eyes on its post-earthquake behavior especially as it was a serious threat to people living along the lower reaches of both the Karli and Jhelum Rivers. This paper describes post-formation behaviors of the debris mass, breaching-inflicted changes of not only the debris mass but also both upstream and downstream reaches based upon laser-scanned images of landforms and Differential Global Positioning System survey results.

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Acknowledgments

This paper summarizes one of the outcomes of the MEXT Research Project, “Scientific surveys for long-lasting geotechnical problems caused by large earthquakes and their implementations for rational rehabilitation strategies,” Konagai K. Leader of the project, 2008 Grant-in-aid for scientific research (A) no. 20254003, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT). The authors would like to express their sincere thanks to officers and experts at the Geological Survey of Pakistan, the State Earthquake research and Rehabilitation Authority, the Development Authority Muzaffarabad, and Earthquake Research and Rehabilitation Authority for their collaboration and help during the field surveys and devotion towards these long-lasting issues and their mitigation strategies. The authors are also thankful to officers and experts at Japan Embassy in Islamabad, Islamabad Office of Japan International Cooperation Agency, and Islamabad Office of Tobishima Corporation not only for their willingness to support the authors’ surveys but also for providing the team with every possible logistic convenience. Special thanks are due to Mr. Takaaki Ikeda at Tobishima Research Institute of Technology, Dr. Takashi Kiyota and Mr. Zaheer A. Kazmi, Association Professor and Ph.D. candidate, respectively, at the Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, who have devoted much of their energies to field surveys and analyzing the results.

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  1. Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

    Kazuo Konagai & Ahsan Sattar

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  1. Kazuo Konagai
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  2. Ahsan Sattar
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Correspondence to Kazuo Konagai.

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Konagai, K., Sattar, A. Partial breaching of Hattian Bala Landslide Dam formed in the 8th October 2005 Kashmir Earthquake, Pakistan. Landslides 9, 1–11 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-011-0280-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-011-0280-x

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