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The combined use of PSInSAR and UAV photogrammetry techniques for the analysis of the kinematics of a coastal landslide affecting an urban area (SE Spain)

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Abstract

In the present work, the case of the Cármenes del Mar resort (Granada, Spain) is shown. It can be considered one of the most extreme examples on the Mediterranean coast of severe pathologies associated with urban development on coastal landslides. The resort, with 416 dwellings, was partially built on a deep-seated landslide which affects a soft formation composed of dark graphite schists. In November 2015, the City Council officially declared a state of emergency in the resort and 24 dwellings have already been evacuated. We have used two remote sensing techniques to monitor the landslide with the aim of identifying and measuring a wide range of displacements rates (from mm/year to m/year): (1) PSInSAR, exploiting 25 ENVISAT SAR images acquired from May 2003 to December 2009, and (2) photogrammetry, considering the output from two Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) flights made in June 2015 and January 2016 and the outdated photos from a conventional flight in 2008. The relationship between the geology of the site, data from PS deformation measurements, building displacements, rainfall and damage observed and their temporal occurrence allows a better understanding of the landslide kinematics and both the spatial and temporal evolution of the instability. Results indicate building displacements of up to 1.92 m in 8 years, a clear lithological control in the spatial distribution of damage and a close relationship between the most damaging events and water recharge episodes (rainy events and leaks from swimming pools and the water supply network). This work emphasises the need to incorporate geohazards into urban planning, including policies to predict, prepare for and prevent this type of phenomenon.

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Acknowledgments

The research leading to these results has received funding from the Spanish National Research Plan under LITHOSURF project Grant Agreement N. CGL2015-67130-C2-1-R. Additionally, this research has been funded by the European Commission, Directorate-General Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection (ECHO), through the SAFETY project (Ref. ECHO/SUB/2015/718679/Prev02). Dr. Jorge Pedro Galve has received economic support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the Juan de la Cierva Programme.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geological Survey of Spain (IGME), Urbanización Alcázar del Genil. Edificio Zulema, bajos, 18006, Granada, Spain

    Rosa María Mateos & Francisco J. Roldán

  2. Department of Geodynamics, University of Granada, Campus Universitario Fuentenueva, 18071, Granada, Spain

    Jose M. Azañón, Davide Notti, Vicente Pérez-Peña, Jorge P. Galve & Francisca Fernández-Chacón

  3. Department of Cartographic Engineering, Geodesy and Photogrammetry of the University of Jaén, Campus de las Lagunillas, Edif. A-3, 23071, Jaén, Spain

    Jose Luis Pérez-García, Carlos M. Colomo & Jose M. Gómez-López

  4. Geomatics Division of the Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC), Parc Mediterrani de la Tecnologia (PMT), Building B4. Carl Friedrich Gauss Avenue, 7, 08860, Castelldefels, Spain

    Oriol Montserrat & Nùria Devantèry

  5. Department of Civil Engineering of the University of Granada, Dr. Severo Ochoa s/n, 18001, Granada, Spain

    Francisco Lamas-Fernández

Authors
  1. Rosa María Mateos
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  2. Jose M. Azañón
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  3. Francisco J. Roldán
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  4. Davide Notti
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  5. Vicente Pérez-Peña
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  6. Jorge P. Galve
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  7. Jose Luis Pérez-García
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  8. Carlos M. Colomo
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  9. Jose M. Gómez-López
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  10. Oriol Montserrat
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  11. Nùria Devantèry
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  12. Francisco Lamas-Fernández
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  13. Francisca Fernández-Chacón
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Correspondence to Rosa María Mateos.

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Mateos, R.M., Azañón, J.M., Roldán, F.J. et al. The combined use of PSInSAR and UAV photogrammetry techniques for the analysis of the kinematics of a coastal landslide affecting an urban area (SE Spain). Landslides 14, 743–754 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-016-0723-5

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