Abstract
Liquid–liquid two-phase flow in microchannel is very common in micro-chemical and micro-biological system, etc. Deep understanding of the liquid–liquid two-phase flow mechanisms and mass transfer in microchannel can promote industrial applications significantly. To summarize the recent research progress on the liquid–liquid two-phase flow in microchannel, this paper collects research work about this topic, especially focusing on flow pattern and mass transfer. To begin with, flow patterns observed in various conditions are identified and factors which influence the flow patterns are analyzed. Then, mass transfer in liquid–liquid two-phase flow is discussed, especially the mass transfer during droplet flow, with both experiments and simulations. Furthermore, energy dissipation involved in liquid–liquid two-phase flow in microchannel is also briefly discussed. Finally, future needs are proposed for extending the researches on liquid–liquid two-phase flow and enlarging its application fields.
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Abbreviations
- C :
-
Concentration of solute
- C i :
-
Arbitrary node concentration of the scalar
- C σ :
-
Standard deviation
- \( \bar{C} \) :
-
Concentration which the mixing is achieving at ideal condition
- \( \left\langle C \right\rangle \) :
-
Statistical average value of the normalized concentration in the analyzed droplet
- C * :
-
Equilibrium concentration of solute
- Ca :
-
Capillary number
- ci :
-
Constant, i = 1, 2,3, …
- d h :
-
Hydraulic diameter
- h :
-
Channel depth or film thickness
- IOS :
-
Intensity of segregation
- k L a :
-
Overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient
- l d :
-
Droplet length
- l U :
-
Droplet unit length
- MI :
-
Mixing index
- N :
-
Number of the nodes in the analyzed droplet
- Q d :
-
Flow rate of the dispersed phase
- Q c :
-
Flow rate of the continuous phase
- R :
-
Radius of droplet cap
- Re :
-
Reynolds number
- u c :
-
Velocity of the continuous phase
- u d :
-
Velocity of the dispersed phase
- v :
-
Droplet velocity
- w c :
-
Continuous phase channel width
- w d :
-
Dispersed phase channel width
- We :
-
Weber number
- α :
-
Dispersed phase length fraction
- δ :
-
Dimensionless surface roughness
- ε d :
-
Dispersed phase fraction
- λ :
-
Viscosity ratio of the dispersed phase to the continuous phase
- μ :
-
Viscosity
- θ :
-
Contact angle
- ρ :
-
Density
- σ :
-
Interfacial tension
- τ :
-
Residence time
- Φ :
-
Flow rate ratio of the dispersed phase to the continuous phase
- Γ :
-
Ratio of channel depth to the continuous phase channel width
- Λ :
-
Ratio of the dispersed phase channel width to the continuous channel width
- Ω :
-
Dimensionless interfacial tension
- aqu:
-
Aqueous phase
- c:
-
Continuous phase
- d:
-
Dispersed phase
- IL:
-
Ionic liquid
- KS:
-
Kerosene phase
- MF:
-
Moving film
- org:
-
Organic phase
- SF:
-
Stagnant film
- WF:
-
With fim
- WOF:
-
Without film
- WS:
-
Water phase
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Acknowledgements
This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China through Grant No. 51805470, the Youth Funds of the State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems (Zhejiang University) through Grant No. SKLoFP-QN-1801, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities through Grant No. 2018QNA4013.
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Qian, Jy., Li, Xj., Wu, Z. et al. A comprehensive review on liquid–liquid two-phase flow in microchannel: flow pattern and mass transfer. Microfluid Nanofluid 23, 116 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10404-019-2280-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10404-019-2280-4