Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A Signal Analysis Technique of Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Stimulated with Impulsive Head Movements

  • Published:
Annals of Biomedical Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Eye movements have been investigated in several areas of medicine and also elsewhere, such as in psychology or even in the development of human-computer interfaces. In the last few years we have designed a technique to stimulate, measure and analyze vestibulo-ocular reflex eye movements. In the otoneurological literature these are seen as a novel and promising means of revealing certain disorders and diseases associated with vertigo. Vestibulo-ocular reflex is stimulated by impulsive head movements. We developed the present pattern recognition technique to detect the stimulus (impulsive head movements) and the vestibulo-ocular reflex (response eye movements) generated from signals and to compute the latency and the gain values between them. Using our technique to calculate these attributes, we obtained clearly different results for a group of 22 dizzy patients than for a group of 30 healthy subjects.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

FIGURE 1.
FIGURE 2.
FIGURE 3.
FIGURE 4.
FIGURE 5.
FIGURE 6.
FIGURE 7.
FIGURE 8.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Aalto, H., T. Hirvonen, and M. Juhola. Motorized head impulse stimulator to determine angular horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex. J. Med. Eng. Techn. 26:217–222, 2002.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Aasen, T. Chaos theory applied to the caloric response of the vestibular system. Comput. Biomed. Res. 26:556–567, 1993.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Aasen, T. Symbolic dynamics applied to optokinetic nystagmus signals. J. Med. Eng. Techn. 27:145–148, 2003.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Anzaldi, E., and E. Mira. An interactive program for the analysis of ENG trackings. Acta Otolaryngol. 80:120–127, 1975.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Arzi, M., and M. Magnin. A fuzzy set theoretical approach to automatic analysis of nystagmic eye movements. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 36:954–963, 1989.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Bahill, A. T., A. Brockenbrough, and T. Troost. Variability and development of a normative data base for saccadic eye movements. Invest. Ophthalmol. Visual Sci. 21:116–127.

  7. Baloh, R. W., and V. Honrubia. Clinical Neurophysiology of the Vestibular System. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Baloh, R. W., A. W. Sills, W. E. Kumley, and V. Honrubia. Quantitative measurement of saccade amplitude, duration and velocity. Neurology 25:1065–1070, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Baloh, R. W., W. E. Kumley, and V. Honrubia. Algorithm for analyses of saccadic eye movements using a digital computer. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 47:523–527, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Barnes, G. R. A procedure for the analysis of nystagmus and other eye movements. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 53:676–682, 1982.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Beaussart, M. and D. Guieu. Artefacts: Eye and lid movements. In: Handbook of Electroencehalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, vol. 11A, edited by A. Rémond. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1977, pp. 80–87.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Black, J. L. Eye movement analysis—Reading and moving target pursuit. Int. J. Bio-Med. Comput. 15:199–217, 1984.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Chen, T., Y.-F. Chen, C.-H. Lin, and T.-T. Tsai. Quantification analysis of saccadic eye movements. Annals Biomed. Eng. 26:1065–1071, 1998.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Collewijn, H., and J. B. Smeets. Early components of the human vestibulo-ocular response to head rotation: latency and gain. J. Neurophysiol. 84:376–389, 2000.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Della Santina, C. C., P. D. Cremer, J. P. Carey, and L. B. Minor. Comparison of head thrust test with head autorotation test reveals that the vestibulo-ocular reflex is enhanced during voluntary head movements. Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surgery 128:1044–1054, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Demer, J. L., and E. Viirre. Visual-vestibular interaction during standing, walking, and running. J. Vestib. Res. 6:295–313, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Dick, G. L. Computer analysis of rapid eye movements. Comput. Progr. Biomed. 8:29–34, 1978.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Ferber, G. Classifying and validating intermittent EEG patterns with syntactic methods. Pattern Recogn. 19:289–296, 1986.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Fu, K. S. Syntactic Methods in Pattern Recognition. New York: Academic Press, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Grönfors, T. On identification of auditory brainstem responses. Int. J. Bio-Med. Comput. 32:171–179, 1993.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Grönfors, T. Computer analysis of auditory brainstem responses by using advanced pattern recognition. J. Med. Syst. 18:191–199, 1994.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Hacisalihzade, S. S., J. S. Allen, and L. W. Stark. Computer analysis of eye movements. Comput. Methods Progr. Biomed. 40:181–187, 1990.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Hirvonen, T. P., H. Aalto, I. Pyykkö, and M. Juhola. Comparison of two head autorotation tests. J. Vestib. Res. 9:119–125, 1999.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Horowitz, S. L. A syntactic algorithm for peak detection in waveforms with applications to cardiography. Comm. ACM. 18:281–285, 1975.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Huang, K.-Y. Syntactic Pattern Recognition for Seismic Oil Exploration. Singapore: World Scientific, 2002.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  26. Juhola, M. A syntactic method for analysis of saccadic eye movements. Pattern Recogn. 19:353–359, 1986.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Juhola, M. A syntactic method for analysis of nystagmus and smooth pursuit eye movements. Comput. Methods Progr. Biomed. 26:53–62, 1988.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Juhola, M. Detection of nystagmus eye movements using a recursive digital filter. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 35:389–394, 1988.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Juhola, M. A syntactic analysis method for sinusoidal tracking eye movements. Comput. Biomed. Res. 24:222–233, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Juhola, M. A syntactic analysis method for eye movements of vestibulo-ocular reflex. Comput. Methods Progr. Biomed. 46:59–65, 1995.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Juhola, M., T. Hirvonen, H. Aalto, and I. Pyykkö. Computational problems in the analysis of eye movement signals in the determination of vestibulo-ocular reflex. Comput. Biomed. Res. 30:49–60, 1997.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Juhola, M., H. Aalto, and T. Hirvonen. A signal analysis method for impulse-like eye movements. In: Proceedings of Medical Informatics Europe',99 (MIE', 99), Ljubljana, Slovenia, August 22–26, Studies in Health Technology and Informatics 68, edited by P. Kokol, B. Zupan, J. Stare, M. Premik, and R. Engelbrecht, Amsterdam: IOS Press, 1999, pp. 365–368.

  33. Juhola, M., H. Aalto, and T. Hirvonen. Effects of digital filtering on the parameters of impulse-like eye movements. J. Clin. Monit. Comput. 16:287–294, 2000.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Koski, A., M. Juhola, and M. Meriste. Syntactic recogntion of ECG signals by attributed finite automata. Pattern Recogn. 28:1927–1940, 1995.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Ktonas, P., B. Weintraub, J. Smith, and F. O. Black. Computer aided nystagmus analysis. Comput. Progr. Biomed. 5:153–157, 1975.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Ljung, L. System Identification. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Maas, E., W. Huebner, S. Seidman, and R. Leigh. Behavior of human horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex in response to high-acceleration stimuli. Brain Res. 499:153–156, 1989.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. O’Leary, D. P., and L. L. Davis. High-frequency autorotational testing of the vestibulo-ocular reflex. Neurol. Clin. 8(2):297–312, 1990.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Oppenheim, A. V. and R. W. Schafer. Digital Signal Processing. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Papakonstantinou, G., E. Skordalakis, and F. Gritzali. An attribute grammar for QRS detection. Pattern Recogn. 19:297–304, 1986.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Sauter, D., B. J. Martin, N. Di Renzo, and C. Vomscheid. Analysis of eye tracking movements using innovations generated by a Kalman filter. Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 29:63–69, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Schalkoff, R. Pattern Recognition: Statistical, Structural and Neural Approaches. New York: Wiley, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Schmid, R. Technical problems in stimulation, recording, and analysis of eye movements. In: Nystagmus and Eye Movements, edited by V. Honrubia and M. A. B. Brazier. New York: Academic Press, 1982, pp. 81–94.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Schmid-Priscoveanu, A., A. Böhmer, H. Obzina, and D. Straumann. Caloric and search-coil head-impulse testing in patients after vestibular neuritis. J. Assoc. Res. Otolaryngol. 2(1):72–78, 2001.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Skordalakis, E. Syntactic ECG processing—A review. Pattern Recogn. 19:305–314, 1986.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Tabak, S., H. Collewijn, L. J. J. M. Boumans, and J. van der Steen. Gain and delay of human vestibulo-ocular reflexes to oscillation and steps of the head by a reactive torquet helmet. I. Normal subjects. Acta Otololaryngol. 117:785–795, 1997.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Tabak, S., H. Collewijn, L. J. J. M. Boumans, and J. van der Steen. Gain and delay of human vestibulo-ocular reflexes to oscillation and steps of the head by reactive torque helmet. II Vestibular-deficient Subjects. Acta Otolaryngol. 117:796–809, 1997.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Wall, C. III, and F. O. Black. Algorithms for the clinical analysis of nystagmus eye movements. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 28:638–646, 1981.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Sciences, 33014 University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland

    Martti Juhola

  2. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

    Heikki Aalto & Timo Hirvonen

  3. Department of Computer Sciences, 33014 University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland

    Martti Juhola

Authors
  1. Martti Juhola
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Heikki Aalto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Timo Hirvonen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Juhola, M., Aalto, H. & Hirvonen, T. A Signal Analysis Technique of Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Stimulated with Impulsive Head Movements. Ann Biomed Eng 34, 1213–1225 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-006-9129-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-006-9129-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation