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The Powerful Functions of Peptide-Based Bioactive Matrices for Regenerative Medicine

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Abstract

In an effort to develop bioactive matrices for regenerative medicine, peptides have been used widely to promote interactions with cells and elicit desired behaviors in vivo. This paper describes strategies that utilize peptide-based molecules as building blocks to create supramolecular nanostructures that emulate not only the architecture but also the chemistry of the extracellular matrix in mammalian biology. After initiating a desired regenerative response in vivo, the innate biodegradability of these systems allow for the natural biological processes to take over in order to promote formation of a new tissue without leaving a trace of the nonnatural components. These bioactive matrices can either bind or mimic growth factors or other protein ligands to elicit a cellular response, promote specific mechano-biological responses, and also guide the migration of cells with programmed directionality. In vivo applications discussed in this review using peptide-based matrices include the regeneration of axons after spinal cord injury, regeneration of bone, and the formation of blood vessels in ischemic muscle as a therapy in peripheral arterial disease and cardiovascular diseases.

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Acknowledgments

Research performed by the laboratory of the authors described in the review articles was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH): National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) (5R01DE015920–9), Bioengineering Research Partnerships (BRP) (5R01EB003806–09, 5R01HL116577–02), Center of Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence (CCNE) (F5U54CA151880–05), and Project Parent Grant (PPG) (P01HL108795–04), as well as the Dixon Translational Research Grant and the Center for Regenerative Nanomedicine Award at the Simpson Querrey Institute. C.M.R.P. gratefully acknowledges support from a BRP Supplement Award (3R01EB003806–09S1), N.S. from an International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN) Postdoctoral Fellowship and from a Ruth L. Kirschstein NRSA Postdoctoral Fellowship (5F32NS077728-03), and S.S.L. from a Samsung Scholarship Foundation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Simpson Querrey Institute of BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior Street, 11th floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA

    Charles M. Rubert Pérez, Nicholas Stephanopoulos, Shantanu Sur & Samuel I. Stupp

  2. Department of Materials and Science & Engineering, Chemistry, Medicine, and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA

    Sungsoo S. Lee, Christina Newcomb & Samuel I. Stupp

  3. Department of Biology, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA

    Shantanu Sur

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  1. Charles M. Rubert Pérez
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Correspondence to Samuel I. Stupp.

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Associate Editor Rosemarie Hunziker oversaw the review of this article.

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Rubert Pérez, C.M., Stephanopoulos, N., Sur, S. et al. The Powerful Functions of Peptide-Based Bioactive Matrices for Regenerative Medicine. Ann Biomed Eng 43, 501–514 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-014-1166-6

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