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Hemodynamic Performance and Thrombogenic Properties of a Superhydrophobic Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valve

  • The Pursuit of Engineering the Ideal Heart Valve Replacement or Repair
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Abstract

In this study, we explore how blood-material interactions and hemodynamics are impacted by rendering a clinical quality 25 mm St. Jude Medical Bileaflet mechanical heart valve (BMHV) superhydrophobic (SH) with the aim of reducing thrombo-embolic complications associated with BMHVs. Basic cell adhesion is evaluated to assess blood-material interactions, while hemodynamic performance is analyzed with and without the SH coating. Results show that a SH coating with a receding contact angle (CA) of 160° strikingly eliminates platelet and leukocyte adhesion to the surface. Alternatively, many platelets attach to and activate on pyrolytic carbon (receding CA = 47), the base material for BMHVs. We further show that the performance index increases by 2.5% for coated valve relative to an uncoated valve, with a maximum possible improved performance of 5%. Both valves exhibit instantaneous shear stress below 10 N/m2 and Reynolds Shear Stress below 100 N/m2. Therefore, a SH BMHV has the potential to relax the requirement for antiplatelet and anticoagulant drug regimens typically required for patients receiving MHVs by minimizing blood-material interactions, while having a minimal impact on hemodynamics. We show for the first time that SH-coated surfaces may be a promising direction to minimize thrombotic complications in complex devices such as heart valves.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from National Institutes of Health (NIH) under Award Number R01HL119824 and F32HL129730. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH.

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  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA

    David L. Bark Jr., Hamed Vahabi, Sanli Movafaghi, Brandon Moore, Arun K. Kota, Ketul Popat & Lakshmi P. Dasi

  2. School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA

    David L. Bark Jr., Hieu Bui, Arun K. Kota, Ketul Popat & Lakshmi P. Dasi

  3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dorothy Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, 473 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    Lakshmi P. Dasi

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  1. David L. Bark Jr.
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Bark, D.L., Vahabi, H., Bui, H. et al. Hemodynamic Performance and Thrombogenic Properties of a Superhydrophobic Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valve. Ann Biomed Eng 45, 452–463 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-016-1618-2

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