Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Adsorption 2/2016

14.01.2016

Unusual pre-oxidized polyacrylonitrile fibres behaviour against their activation with CO2: carbonization effect

verfasst von: G. Trautwein, M. Plaza-Recobert, J. Alcañiz-Monge

Erschienen in: Adsorption | Ausgabe 2/2016

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

The CF-PAN activation process with CO2 has been analysed. Activation of CF-PAN with CO2 leads to unusual results both, activation percentage evolution over the time and generated porosity development. In the explanation has been highlighted the role of the carbonization step in the CF-PAN activation process. The analysed results point to the fact that part of the released nitrogen-containing compounds during PANOX fibres carbonization are deposited on the CF surface, which affects to carbonized PAN fibres, decreasing actives sites, or acting as inhibitors of the gasification reaction.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Alcañiz-Monge, J., Cazorla-Amorós, D., Linares-Solano, A., Oya, A., Sakamoto, A., Hoshi, K.: Preparation of general purpose carbon fibres from coal tar pitches with low softening point. Carbon 35, 1079–1087 (1997a)CrossRef Alcañiz-Monge, J., Cazorla-Amorós, D., Linares-Solano, A., Oya, A., Sakamoto, A., Hoshi, K.: Preparation of general purpose carbon fibres from coal tar pitches with low softening point. Carbon 35, 1079–1087 (1997a)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Alcañiz-Monge, J., Cazorla-Amorós, D., Linares-Solano, A., Yoshida, S., Oya, A.: Effect of the activating gas on tensile strength and pore structure of pitch-based carbon fibres. Carbon 32, 1277–1283 (1994)CrossRef Alcañiz-Monge, J., Cazorla-Amorós, D., Linares-Solano, A., Yoshida, S., Oya, A.: Effect of the activating gas on tensile strength and pore structure of pitch-based carbon fibres. Carbon 32, 1277–1283 (1994)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Alcañiz-Monge, J., Cazorla-Amorós, D., Linares-Solano, A.: Production of activated carbons: use of CO2 versus H2O as activating agent. A reply to a letter from P. L. Walker Jr. Carbon 35, 1665–1668 (1997b)CrossRef Alcañiz-Monge, J., Cazorla-Amorós, D., Linares-Solano, A.: Production of activated carbons: use of CO2 versus H2O as activating agent. A reply to a letter from P. L. Walker Jr. Carbon 35, 1665–1668 (1997b)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Brunauer, S., Emmett, P.H., Teller, E.: Adsorption of gases in multimolecular layers. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 60, 309 (1938)CrossRef Brunauer, S., Emmett, P.H., Teller, E.: Adsorption of gases in multimolecular layers. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 60, 309 (1938)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Boehm, H.P., Voll, M.: Basische Oberflächenoxide auf Kohlenstoff—I. Adsorption von säuren. Carbon 8, 227 (1970)CrossRef Boehm, H.P., Voll, M.: Basische Oberflächenoxide auf Kohlenstoff—I. Adsorption von säuren. Carbon 8, 227 (1970)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Cazorla-Amorós, D., Alcañiz-Monge, J., Linares-Solano, A.: Characterization of activated carbon fibres by CO2 adsorption. Langmuir 12, 2820 (1996)CrossRef Cazorla-Amorós, D., Alcañiz-Monge, J., Linares-Solano, A.: Characterization of activated carbon fibres by CO2 adsorption. Langmuir 12, 2820 (1996)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Chiang, Y.C., Lee, C.Y., Lee, H.C.: Surface chemistry of polyacrylonitrile- and rayon-based activated carbon fibres after post-heat treatment. Mater. Chem. Phys. 101, 199–210 (2007)CrossRef Chiang, Y.C., Lee, C.Y., Lee, H.C.: Surface chemistry of polyacrylonitrile- and rayon-based activated carbon fibres after post-heat treatment. Mater. Chem. Phys. 101, 199–210 (2007)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Donnet, J.B., Rebouillat, S., Wang, T.K., Peng, J.C.M.: Carbon Fibres, 3rd edn. Marcel Dekker, New York (1998) Donnet, J.B., Rebouillat, S., Wang, T.K., Peng, J.C.M.: Carbon Fibres, 3rd edn. Marcel Dekker, New York (1998)
Zurück zum Zitat Dubinin, M.M.: Chemistry and Physics of Carbon, vol. 2. Marcel Dekker, New York (1966) Dubinin, M.M.: Chemistry and Physics of Carbon, vol. 2. Marcel Dekker, New York (1966)
Zurück zum Zitat Fitzer, E., Frohs, W., Heine, M.: Optimization of stabilization and carbonization treatment of PAN fibres and structural characterization of the resulting carbon fibres. Carbon 24, 387–395 (1986)CrossRef Fitzer, E., Frohs, W., Heine, M.: Optimization of stabilization and carbonization treatment of PAN fibres and structural characterization of the resulting carbon fibres. Carbon 24, 387–395 (1986)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Freeman, J., Gimblett, F.G.R., Sing, K.I.W.: Studies of activated charcoal cloth. V. Modification of pore structure by impregnation with certain transition metal salts and oxo-complexes. Carbon 27, 85–93 (1989)CrossRef Freeman, J., Gimblett, F.G.R., Sing, K.I.W.: Studies of activated charcoal cloth. V. Modification of pore structure by impregnation with certain transition metal salts and oxo-complexes. Carbon 27, 85–93 (1989)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Froment, G.F.: Coke formation in the thermal cracking of hydrocarbons. Rev. Chem. Eng. 6, 293–328 (1990) Froment, G.F.: Coke formation in the thermal cracking of hydrocarbons. Rev. Chem. Eng. 6, 293–328 (1990)
Zurück zum Zitat Jing, M., Wang, C., Wang, Q., Bai, Y., Zhu, B.: Chemical structure evolution and mechanism during pre-carbonization of PAN-based stabilized fibre in the temperature range of 350–600°C. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 92, 1737–1742 (2007)CrossRef Jing, M., Wang, C., Wang, Q., Bai, Y., Zhu, B.: Chemical structure evolution and mechanism during pre-carbonization of PAN-based stabilized fibre in the temperature range of 350–600°C. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 92, 1737–1742 (2007)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ko, T.H., Chiranairadul, P., Lu, C.K., Lin, C.H.: The effects of activation by carbon dioxide on the mechanical properties and structure of PAN-based activated carbon fibres. Carbon 30, 647–655 (1992)CrossRef Ko, T.H., Chiranairadul, P., Lu, C.K., Lin, C.H.: The effects of activation by carbon dioxide on the mechanical properties and structure of PAN-based activated carbon fibres. Carbon 30, 647–655 (1992)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Mang, D., Boehm, H.P., Stanczyk, K., Marsh, H.: Inhibiting effect of incorporated nitrogen on the oxidation of microcrystalline carbons. Carbon 30, 391–398 (1992)CrossRef Mang, D., Boehm, H.P., Stanczyk, K., Marsh, H.: Inhibiting effect of incorporated nitrogen on the oxidation of microcrystalline carbons. Carbon 30, 391–398 (1992)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Mcnair, R.N., Arons, G.N.: Carbon Adsorption Handbook, Cap. 22, 819. Ann Arbor Science Pub., Ann Arbor (1977) Mcnair, R.N., Arons, G.N.: Carbon Adsorption Handbook, Cap. 22, 819. Ann Arbor Science Pub., Ann Arbor (1977)
Zurück zum Zitat Megaritis, A., Messenböck, R.C., Collot, A.G., Zhuo, Y., Dugwell, D.R., Kandiyoti, R.: Internal consistency of coal gasification reactivities determined in bench-scale reactors: effect of pyrolysis conditions on char reactivities under high-pressure CO2. Fuel 77, 1411–1420 (1998)CrossRef Megaritis, A., Messenböck, R.C., Collot, A.G., Zhuo, Y., Dugwell, D.R., Kandiyoti, R.: Internal consistency of coal gasification reactivities determined in bench-scale reactors: effect of pyrolysis conditions on char reactivities under high-pressure CO2. Fuel 77, 1411–1420 (1998)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Messenböck, R.C., Dugwell, D.R., Kandiyoti, R.: CO2 and steam-gasification in a high-pressure wire-mesh reactor: the reactivity of Daw Mill coal and combustion reactivity of its chars. Fuel 78, 781–793 (1999)CrossRef Messenböck, R.C., Dugwell, D.R., Kandiyoti, R.: CO2 and steam-gasification in a high-pressure wire-mesh reactor: the reactivity of Daw Mill coal and combustion reactivity of its chars. Fuel 78, 781–793 (1999)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Mittal, J., Konno, H., Inagaki, M., Bahl, O.P.: Denitrogenation behavior and tensile strength increase during carbonization of stabilized pan fibres. Carbon 36, 1327–1330 (1998)CrossRef Mittal, J., Konno, H., Inagaki, M., Bahl, O.P.: Denitrogenation behavior and tensile strength increase during carbonization of stabilized pan fibres. Carbon 36, 1327–1330 (1998)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Mochida, I., Korai, Y., Shirahama, M., Kawano, S., Hada, T., Seo, Y., Yoshikawa, M., Yasutake, A.: Removal of SOx and NO x over activated carbon fibres. Carbon 38, 227–239 (2000)CrossRef Mochida, I., Korai, Y., Shirahama, M., Kawano, S., Hada, T., Seo, Y., Yoshikawa, M., Yasutake, A.: Removal of SOx and NO x  over activated carbon fibres. Carbon 38, 227–239 (2000)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Park, J., Kim, K.D.: Influence of activation temperature on adsorption characteristics of activated carbon fibre composites. Carbon 39, 1741–1746 (2001)CrossRef Park, J., Kim, K.D.: Influence of activation temperature on adsorption characteristics of activated carbon fibre composites. Carbon 39, 1741–1746 (2001)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Rahaman, M.S.A., Ismail, A.F., Mustafa, A.: A review of heat treatment on polyacrylonitrile fibre. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 92, 1421–1432 (2007)CrossRef Rahaman, M.S.A., Ismail, A.F., Mustafa, A.: A review of heat treatment on polyacrylonitrile fibre. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 92, 1421–1432 (2007)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Raymundo-Piñero, E., Cazorla-Amorós, D., Linares-Solano, A.: The role of different nitrogen functional groups on the removal of SO2 from flue gases by N-doped activated carbon powders and fibres. Carbon 41, 1925–1932 (2003)CrossRef Raymundo-Piñero, E., Cazorla-Amorós, D., Linares-Solano, A.: The role of different nitrogen functional groups on the removal of SO2 from flue gases by N-doped activated carbon powders and fibres. Carbon 41, 1925–1932 (2003)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Raymundo-Piñero, E., Cazorla-Amorós, D., Salinas-Martínez de Lecea, C., Linares-Solano, A.: Factors controling the SO2 removal by porous carbons: relevance of the SO2 oxidation step. Carbon 38, 335–344 (2000)CrossRef Raymundo-Piñero, E., Cazorla-Amorós, D., Salinas-Martínez de Lecea, C., Linares-Solano, A.: Factors controling the SO2 removal by porous carbons: relevance of the SO2 oxidation step. Carbon 38, 335–344 (2000)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ryu, S.K.: Porosity of activated carbon fibre. High Temp. High Press. 22, 345–354 (1990) Ryu, S.K.: Porosity of activated carbon fibre. High Temp. High Press. 22, 345–354 (1990)
Zurück zum Zitat Ryu, S.K., Jin, H.K., Gondy, D., Pusset, N., Ehrburger, P.: Activation of carbon fibres by steam and carbon dioxide. Carbon 31, 841–842 (1993a)CrossRef Ryu, S.K., Jin, H.K., Gondy, D., Pusset, N., Ehrburger, P.: Activation of carbon fibres by steam and carbon dioxide. Carbon 31, 841–842 (1993a)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ryu, S.K., Lee, J.K., Lee, D.W., Pusset, N., Ehrburger, P.: Adsorption Characteristics of Activated Pitch-Based Carbon Fibres. Carbon ‘90, Paris, France, July 16–20 (1990) Ryu, S.K., Lee, J.K., Lee, D.W., Pusset, N., Ehrburger, P.: Adsorption Characteristics of Activated Pitch-Based Carbon Fibres. Carbon ‘90, Paris, France, July 16–20 (1990)
Zurück zum Zitat Ryu, S.K., Ko, K.Y., Rhee, B.S., Ehrburger, P.: Density and Pore Volume of Activated Carbon Fibres. Proceedings of 21st Biennial Conference on Carbon, June 13–18, Buffalo, USA, 623 (1993b) Ryu, S.K., Ko, K.Y., Rhee, B.S., Ehrburger, P.: Density and Pore Volume of Activated Carbon Fibres. Proceedings of 21st Biennial Conference on Carbon, June 13–18, Buffalo, USA, 623 (1993b)
Zurück zum Zitat Scofield, J.H.: Hartree–Slater subshell photoionization cross-sections at 1254 and 1487 eV. J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 8, 129–137 (1976)CrossRef Scofield, J.H.: Hartree–Slater subshell photoionization cross-sections at 1254 and 1487 eV. J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 8, 129–137 (1976)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sing, K.S.W., Everett, D.H., Haul, R.A.W., Moscou, L., Pierotti, R.A., Rouquerol, J., Siemieniewska, T.: Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity. Pure Appl. Chem. 57, 603 (1985)CrossRef Sing, K.S.W., Everett, D.H., Haul, R.A.W., Moscou, L., Pierotti, R.A., Rouquerol, J., Siemieniewska, T.: Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity. Pure Appl. Chem. 57, 603 (1985)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Song, Y., Qiao, W., Yoon, S.H., Mochida, I., Guo, Q., Liu, L.: Removal of formaldehyde at low concentration using various activated carbon fibres. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 106, 2151–2157 (2007)CrossRef Song, Y., Qiao, W., Yoon, S.H., Mochida, I., Guo, Q., Liu, L.: Removal of formaldehyde at low concentration using various activated carbon fibres. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 106, 2151–2157 (2007)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Suzuki, M.: Activated carbon fibre: fundamentals and applications. Carbon 32, 577–586 (1994)CrossRef Suzuki, M.: Activated carbon fibre: fundamentals and applications. Carbon 32, 577–586 (1994)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Tavanai, H., Jalili, R., Morshed, M.: Effects of fibre diameter and CO2 activation temperature on the pore characteristics of polyacrylonitrile based activated carbon nanofibres. Surf. Interface Anal. 41, 814–819 (2009)CrossRef Tavanai, H., Jalili, R., Morshed, M.: Effects of fibre diameter and CO2 activation temperature on the pore characteristics of polyacrylonitrile based activated carbon nanofibres. Surf. Interface Anal. 41, 814–819 (2009)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Vilaplana-Ortego, E., Maciá-Agulló, J.A., Alcañiz-Monge, J., Cazorla-Amorós, D., Linares-Solano, A.: Comparative study of the micropore development on physical activation of carbon fibres from coal tar and petroleum pitches. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 112, 125–132 (2008)CrossRef Vilaplana-Ortego, E., Maciá-Agulló, J.A., Alcañiz-Monge, J., Cazorla-Amorós, D., Linares-Solano, A.: Comparative study of the micropore development on physical activation of carbon fibres from coal tar and petroleum pitches. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 112, 125–132 (2008)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Walker, P.L., Rusinko, F., Austin, L.G.: Gas reactions of carbon. Adv. Catal. 11, 133–221 (1959) Walker, P.L., Rusinko, F., Austin, L.G.: Gas reactions of carbon. Adv. Catal. 11, 133–221 (1959)
Zurück zum Zitat Wang, T., Sherwood, P.M.A.: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies of carbon fibre surfaces. 17. Interfacial interactions between phenolic resin and carbon fibres electrochemically oxidized in nitric acid and phosphoric acid solutions, and their effect on oxidation behavior. Chem. Mater. 6, 788–795 (1994)CrossRef Wang, T., Sherwood, P.M.A.: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies of carbon fibre surfaces. 17. Interfacial interactions between phenolic resin and carbon fibres electrochemically oxidized in nitric acid and phosphoric acid solutions, and their effect on oxidation behavior. Chem. Mater. 6, 788–795 (1994)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Wang, P.H., Yue, Z.R., Liu, J.: Conversion of polyacrylonitrile fibres to activated carbon-fibres—effect of activation. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 60, 923–929 (1996)CrossRef Wang, P.H., Yue, Z.R., Liu, J.: Conversion of polyacrylonitrile fibres to activated carbon-fibres—effect of activation. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 60, 923–929 (1996)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Wangxi, Z., Jie, L., Gang, W.: Evolution of structure and properties of PAN precursors during their conversion to carbon fibres. Carbon 41, 2805–2812 (2003)CrossRef Wangxi, Z., Jie, L., Gang, W.: Evolution of structure and properties of PAN precursors during their conversion to carbon fibres. Carbon 41, 2805–2812 (2003)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Watt, W.: Chemistry and physics of conversion of PAN fibres into high-modulus carbon fibre. In: Watt, W., Perov, B.B. (eds.) Strong Fibre, vol. 1, p. 327. Elsevier Science Publishers, Netherlands (1985) Watt, W.: Chemistry and physics of conversion of PAN fibres into high-modulus carbon fibre. In: Watt, W., Perov, B.B. (eds.) Strong Fibre, vol. 1, p. 327. Elsevier Science Publishers, Netherlands (1985)
Zurück zum Zitat Yusofa, N., Ismail, A.F.: Post spinning and pyrolysis processes of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fibre and activated carbon fibre: a review. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol. 93, 1–13 (2012)CrossRef Yusofa, N., Ismail, A.F.: Post spinning and pyrolysis processes of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fibre and activated carbon fibre: a review. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol. 93, 1–13 (2012)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Zaini, M.A.A., Amano, Y., Machida, M.: Adsorption of heavy metals onto activated carbons derived from polyacrylonitrile fibre. J. Hazard. Mater. 180, 552–560 (2010)CrossRef Zaini, M.A.A., Amano, Y., Machida, M.: Adsorption of heavy metals onto activated carbons derived from polyacrylonitrile fibre. J. Hazard. Mater. 180, 552–560 (2010)CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Unusual pre-oxidized polyacrylonitrile fibres behaviour against their activation with CO2: carbonization effect
verfasst von
G. Trautwein
M. Plaza-Recobert
J. Alcañiz-Monge
Publikationsdatum
14.01.2016
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Adsorption / Ausgabe 2/2016
Print ISSN: 0929-5607
Elektronische ISSN: 1572-8757
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10450-016-9757-1

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2016

Adsorption 2/2016 Zur Ausgabe

    Marktübersichten

    Die im Laufe eines Jahres in der „adhäsion“ veröffentlichten Marktübersichten helfen Anwendern verschiedenster Branchen, sich einen gezielten Überblick über Lieferantenangebote zu verschaffen.