Skip to main content
Log in

Assessment of European seismic design procedures for steel framed structures

  • Original Research Paper
  • Published:
Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper assesses the fundamental approaches and main procedures adopted in the seismic design of steel frames, with emphasis on the provisions of Eurocode 8. The study covers moment-resisting as well as concentrically-braced frame configurations. Code requirements in terms of design concepts, behaviour factors, ductility considerations and capacity design verifications, are examined. The rationality and clarity of the design principles employed in Eurocode 8, especially those related to the explicit definitions of dissipative and non dissipative zones and associated capacity design criteria, are highlighted. Various requirements that differ notably from the provisions of other seismic codes are also pointed out. More importantly, several issues that can lead to unintentional departure from performance objectives or to impractical solutions, as a consequence of inherent assumptions or possible misinterpretations, are identified and a number of clarifications and modifications suggested. In particular, it is shown that the implications of stability and drift requirements as well as some capacity design checks in moment frames, together with the treatment of post-buckling response and the distribution of inelastic demand in braced frames, are areas that merit careful consideration within the design process.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • AISC (American Institute of Steel Construction) (1999) Load and resistance factor design specification for structural steel buildings. AISC, Chicago, IL

  • AISC (American Institute of Steel Construction Inc.) (2002) Seismic provisions for structural steel buildings. AISC, Chicago, IL

  • AISC (American Institute of Steel Construction Inc.) (2005a) Seismic provisions for structural steel buildings. AISC, Chicago, IL

  • AISC (American Institute of Steel Construction) (2005b) Specification for structural steel buildings, AISC-360-05, AISC, Chicago, IL

  • ANSI/AISC (2005) Prequalified connections for special and intermediate steel moment resisting frames for seismic applications. ANSI/AISC 358, AISC, Chicago, IL

  • ASCE/SEI (2005) Minimum design loads for buildings and other structures, ASCE 7-05, American Society of Civil Engineers/Structural Engineering Institute, Reston, VA

  • Bertero VV, Anderson JC, Krawinkler H (1994) Performance of steel building structures during the Northridge earthquake, UCB/EERC-94/04, University of California, Berkeley, CA

  • Broderick BM, Goggins JM, Elghazouli AY (2005) Cyclic performance of steel and composite bracing members. J Construct Steel Res 61(4): 493–514. doi:10.1016/j.jcsr.2004.09.006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Broderick BM, Elghazouli AY, Goggins JM (2008) Earthquake testing and response analysis of concentrically-braced sub-frames. J Construct Steel Res 64(9): 997–1007. doi:10.1016/j.jcsr.2007.12.014

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Castro JM, Elghazouli AY, Izzuddin BA (2005) Modelling of the panel zone in steel and composite moment frames. Eng Struct 27(1): 129–144. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2004.09.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Castro JM, Davila-Arbona FJ, Elghazouli AY (2008) Seismic design approaches for panel zones in steel moment frames. J Earthq Eng 12(S1): 34–51. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-35783-4

    Google Scholar 

  • Elghazouli AY (1996) Ductility of frames with semi-rigid connections. 11th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Acapulco, Mexico, paper no. 1126

  • Elghazouli AY (2003) Seismic design procedures for concentrically braced frames. Proc Inst Civ Eng Struct Build 156: 381–394

    Google Scholar 

  • Elghazouli AY (2007) Seismic design of steel structures to Eurocode 8. Struct Eng 85(12): 26–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Elghazouli AY, Broderick BM, Goggins J, Mouzakis H, Carydis P, Bouwkamp J, Plumier A (2005) Shake table testing of tubular steel bracing members, Proc Inst Civ Eng Struct Build 158: 229–241

    Google Scholar 

  • Eurocode 3 (2005) Design of steel structures, part 1.1: general rules and rules for buildings, BS-EN1993-1-1-2005, European Committee for Standardization. CEN, Brussels

  • Eurocode 8 (2004) Design of structures for earthquake resistance, part 1: general rules, seismic actions and rules for buildings, EN1998-1-2004, European Committee for Standardization. CEN, Brussels

  • FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency) (2000) Recommended seismic design provisions for new moment frame buildings. FEMA 350, Washington, DC

  • Goel SC, El-Tayem A (1986) Cyclic load behavior of angle X-bracing. J Struct Eng 112(11): 2528–2539. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1986)112:11(2528)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goggins JM, Broderick BM, Elghazouli AY, Lucas AS (2006) Behaviour of tubular steel members under cyclic axial loading. J Construct Steel Res 62: 121–131. doi:10.1016/j.jcsr.2005.04.012

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta A, Krawinkler H (2000) Dynamic P-delta effects for flexible inelastic steel structures. J Struct Eng 126(1): 145–154. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2000)126:1(145)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ikeda K, Mahin SA (1986) Cyclic response of steel braces. J Struct Eng 112(2): 342–361. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1986)112:2(342)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lehman DE, Roeder CW, Herman D, Johnson S, Kotulka B (2008) Improved seismic performance of gusset plate connections. J Struct Eng 134(6): 890–889. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2008)134:6(890)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maison BF, Popov EP (1980) Cyclic response prediction for braced steel frames. J Struct Eng 106(7): 1401–1416

    Google Scholar 

  • Popov EP, Black GR (1981) Steel struts under severe cyclic loadings. J Struct Eng 107(9): 1857–1881

    Google Scholar 

  • Remennikov AM, Walpole WR (1988) A note on compression strength reduction factor for a buckled strut in seismic-resisting braced system. Eng Struct 20(8): 779–782. doi:10.1016/S0141-0296(97)00106-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • SAC (1995) Survey and assessment of damage to buildings affected by the Northridge earthquake of January 17, 1994, SAC95-06, SAC Joint Venture, Sacramento, CA

  • SAC (1996) Experimental investigations of beam-column sub-assemblages, SAC95-09, SAC Joint Venture, Sacramento, CA

  • Sanchez-Ricart L, Plumier A (2008) Parametric study of ductile moment-resisting steel frames: a first step towards Eurocode 8 calibration. Earthq Eng Struct Dynam 37: 1135–1155. doi:10.1002/eqe.809

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • SEAOC (1990) Recommended lateral force requirements and commentary. Structural Engineers Association of California, Sacramento, CA

  • Yoo J, Roeder CW, Lehman DE (2008) Analytical performance simulation of special concentrically braced frames. J Struct Eng 134(6): 881–889. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2008)134:6(881)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Y. Elghazouli.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Elghazouli, A.Y. Assessment of European seismic design procedures for steel framed structures. Bull Earthquake Eng 8, 65–89 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-009-9125-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-009-9125-6

Keywords

Navigation