Skip to main content
Log in

Cellular mobile — the generation game

  • Published:
BT Technology Journal

Abstract

Cellular mobile is at an important crossroads — with the industry still in the process of attempting a transition from the dominant second generation services of voice and messaging, to data-based services such as music download and gaming. Third generation technology has rolled out slowly in Europe and has yet to make much of an impact on the market. Against this backdrop, the cellular industry is now moving towards defining fourth generation mobile for introduction in 2012–2015. The emergence of new, non-cellular systems, such as WiMAX and WLAN are confusing the timeline and evolution of cellular systems with a heated debate about what constitutes a ‘4G system’. In addition, some people view convergence as the next generation of mobile with less emphasis on raw connection speed and more on access to the same services over a range of access technologies and devices. In this paper we critically examine these and other views of fourth generation mobile (4G) and identify the key technological, standards-related and commercial issues that will drive the evolution of 4G over the next few years.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. GSM World — http://www.gsmworld.com/technology/gsm.shtml

  2. Informa Telecoms and Media: ’Mobile industry outlook’, (2006) — http://shop.informatm.com

  3. Informa Telecoms and Media (including EMC Database, Global Mobile) — http://shop.informatm.com

  4. Pereira J: ’Fourth Generation: Now, it is Personal’, Proceedings of 11th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communication, IEEE, 2, pp 1009–16 (September 2000).

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  5. Clapton A and Groves I: ’Third generation mobile systems’, BT Technol J, 14, No 3, pp 115–122 (July 1996).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Reid G and Aparicio F J: ’SIP mediated services’, BT Technol J, 25, No 2, pp 87–94 (April 2007).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Smyth P P: ’Optical radio — a review of a radical new technology for wireless access infrastructure’, BT Technol J, 21, No 3, pp 22–31 (July 2003).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Hodgkinson T: ’Wireless communications — the fundamentals’, BT Technol J, 25, No 2, pp 11–26 (April 2007).

    Google Scholar 

  9. Mobile Gazette — http://www.mobilegazette.com/3-xseries-06x11x17.htm

  10. Johnston N and Aghvami H: ’Comparing WiMAX and HSPA — a guide to the technology’, BT Technol J, 25, No 2, pp 191–199 (April 2007).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Holma H and Toskala A (Eds): ‘HSDPA/HSUPA for UMTS: High Speed Radio Access for Mobile Communications’, Wiley (2006).

  12. Scrase A: ’3G Long Term Evolution Overview of the Current Status of 3G LTE Standards’, CTO, ETSI Informa 3G LTE Conference, The Café Royal, London, UK (October 2006).

  13. Sprint — http://www2.sprint.com/mr/news_dtl.do?id=12960

  14. Next Generation Mobile Network — http://www.ngmn-cooperation.com

  15. Wisely D: ’What is 4G’, Panel Session on 4G at PIMRC 2000, London.

  16. Wikipedia — http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_retinal_display

  17. Technical Report TR 25.913, Requirements for Evolved UTRA and UTRAN — http://www.3gpp.org

  18. Technical Report TR 25.814, Physical aspects for Evolved UTRA available — http://www.3gpp.org

  19. Cordis (BRAIN) — http://cordis.europa.eu/data/PROJ_FP5/ACTIONeqDndSESSIONeq112422005919ndDOCeq382ndTBLeqEN_PROJ.htm

  20. Abhayawardhana V S, Kocan K and Matthews J: ’Service blending for converged IMS services — a BT Alcatel-Lucent collaboration’, BT Technol J, 25, No 2, pp 211–218 (April 2007).

    Google Scholar 

  21. Roxburgh D et al: ’Reachability in converged IMS services — a BT Alcatel-Lucent collaboration’, BT Technol J, 25, No 2, pp 200–210 (April 2007).

    Google Scholar 

  22. 3G.co.uk — http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/March2006/2772.htm

  23. Wisely D R: ’SIP and conversational Internet’, BT Technol J, 19, No 2, pp 107–118 (April 2001).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Wisely D et al: ’IP for 3G’, Wiley (2001).

  25. FMCA — www.thefmca.com

  26. Choong K N et al ’SIP-based IEEE802.21 media independent handover — a BT Intel collaboration’, BT Technol J, 25, No 2, pp 219–230 (April 2007).

    Google Scholar 

  27. BBC — http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/4271474.stm

  28. Cordis (ARPU) — http://cordis.europa.eu/fetch?CALLER=PROJ_IST&ACTION=D&RCN=53630&DOC=1&CAT=PROJ&QUERY=1152669942082

  29. Heath M, Brydon A, Pow R, Colucci M and Davies G: ’Prospects for the Evolution of 3G and 4G’, Analysis (2006).

Download references

Authors

About this article

Cite this article

Wisely, D. Cellular mobile — the generation game. BT Technol J 25, 27–41 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10550-007-0026-4

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10550-007-0026-4

Keywords

Navigation