Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Journal of Business Ethics 2/2012

01.08.2012

An Emotion-Based Model of Salesperson Ethical Behaviors

verfasst von: Raj Agnihotri, Adam Rapp, Prabakar Kothandaraman, Rakesh K. Singh

Erschienen in: Journal of Business Ethics | Ausgabe 2/2012

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Academic research studies examining the ethical attitudes and behaviors of salespeople have produced several frameworks that explore the ethical decision-making processes to which salespeople adhere when faced with ethical dilemmas. Past literature enriches our understanding; however, a critical review of the relevant literature suggests that an emotional route to salesperson ethical decision-making has yet to be explored. Given the fact that individuals’ emotional capacities play an important role in decision-making when faced with an ethical dilemma, there is a need for empirical research in this area. We address this issue by outlining and testing an emotion-based model to study the ethical attitudes and behaviors of salespeople in a relational selling context. Building on the cognitive-affective model proposed by Gaudine and Thorne (J Bus Ethics 31:175–187, 2001), we outline a framework that incorporates higher order prosocial emotions: capacity for concern and capacity for guilt. We include salesperson’s role clarity within the organization as a moderator to examine person–situation interaction.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Aggarwal, P., Castleberry, S. B., Shepherd, C. D., & Ridnour, R. (2005). Salesperson empathy and listening: Impact on relationship outcomes. Journal of Marketing Theory & Practice, 13(3), 16–31. Aggarwal, P., Castleberry, S. B., Shepherd, C. D., & Ridnour, R. (2005). Salesperson empathy and listening: Impact on relationship outcomes. Journal of Marketing Theory & Practice, 13(3), 16–31.
Zurück zum Zitat Agnihotri, R., Rapp, A., & Trainor, K. (2009). Understanding the role of information communication in the buyer-seller exchange process: Antecedents and outcomes. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 24(7/8), 474–486.CrossRef Agnihotri, R., Rapp, A., & Trainor, K. (2009). Understanding the role of information communication in the buyer-seller exchange process: Antecedents and outcomes. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 24(7/8), 474–486.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ahearne, M., Jelinek, R., & Jones, E. (2007). Examining the effect of salesperson service behaviour in a competitive context. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 35(4), 603–616.CrossRef Ahearne, M., Jelinek, R., & Jones, E. (2007). Examining the effect of salesperson service behaviour in a competitive context. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 35(4), 603–616.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications. Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
Zurück zum Zitat Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179–211.CrossRef Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179–211.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Zurück zum Zitat Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (2000). Attitudes and the attitude–behavior relation: Reasoned and automatic processes. In W. Stroebe & M. Hewstone (Eds.), European review of social psychology (pp. 1–33). Chichester: Wiley. Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (2000). Attitudes and the attitude–behavior relation: Reasoned and automatic processes. In W. Stroebe & M. Hewstone (Eds.), European review of social psychology (pp. 1–33). Chichester: Wiley.
Zurück zum Zitat Albanese, P. J. (2002). The personality continuum and consumer behavior. Westport, CT: Greenwood Inc. Albanese, P. J. (2002). The personality continuum and consumer behavior. Westport, CT: Greenwood Inc.
Zurück zum Zitat Anand, V., Ashforth, B. E., & Joshi, M. (2004). Business as usual: The acceptance and perception of corruption in organizations. Academy of Management Executive, 18(2), 39–53.CrossRef Anand, V., Ashforth, B. E., & Joshi, M. (2004). Business as usual: The acceptance and perception of corruption in organizations. Academy of Management Executive, 18(2), 39–53.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bagozzi, R. P. (2006). The role of social and self-conscious emotions in the regulation of business-to-business relationships in salesperson-customer interactions. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 21(7), 453–456.CrossRef Bagozzi, R. P. (2006). The role of social and self-conscious emotions in the regulation of business-to-business relationships in salesperson-customer interactions. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 21(7), 453–456.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bagozzi, R. P., & Moore, D. J. (1994). Public service advertisements: Emotions and empathy guide prosocial behavior. Journal of Marketing, 58(1), 56–70.CrossRef Bagozzi, R. P., & Moore, D. J. (1994). Public service advertisements: Emotions and empathy guide prosocial behavior. Journal of Marketing, 58(1), 56–70.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bagozzi, R. P., Verbeke, W., & Gavino, J. C., Jr. (2003). Culture moderates the self-regulation of shame and its effects on performance: The case of salespersons in the Netherlands and the Philippines. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 219–233.CrossRef Bagozzi, R. P., Verbeke, W., & Gavino, J. C., Jr. (2003). Culture moderates the self-regulation of shame and its effects on performance: The case of salespersons in the Netherlands and the Philippines. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 219–233.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74–94.CrossRef Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74–94.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Baker, T. L., Hunt, T. G., & Andrews, M. C. (2006). Promoting ethical behavior and organizational citizenship behaviors: The influence of corporate ethical values. Journal of Business Research, 59(7), 849–857.CrossRef Baker, T. L., Hunt, T. G., & Andrews, M. C. (2006). Promoting ethical behavior and organizational citizenship behaviors: The influence of corporate ethical values. Journal of Business Research, 59(7), 849–857.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bass, K., Barnett, T., & Brown, G. (1998). The moral philosophy of sales managers and its influence on ethical decision-making. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 18(2), 1–17. Bass, K., Barnett, T., & Brown, G. (1998). The moral philosophy of sales managers and its influence on ethical decision-making. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 18(2), 1–17.
Zurück zum Zitat Batson, C. D. (1987). Prosocial motivation: Is it ever truly altruistic. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 20, 65–122.CrossRef Batson, C. D. (1987). Prosocial motivation: Is it ever truly altruistic. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 20, 65–122.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Batson, C. D., & Shaw, L. L. (1991). Evidence for altruism: Toward a pluralism of prosocial motives. Psychological Inquiry, 2(2), 107.CrossRef Batson, C. D., & Shaw, L. L. (1991). Evidence for altruism: Toward a pluralism of prosocial motives. Psychological Inquiry, 2(2), 107.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Behrman, D. H., & Perreault, W. D., Jr. (1984). A role stress model of the performance and satisfaction of industrial salespersons. Journal of Marketing, 48, 9–21.CrossRef Behrman, D. H., & Perreault, W. D., Jr. (1984). A role stress model of the performance and satisfaction of industrial salespersons. Journal of Marketing, 48, 9–21.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Belschak, F., Verbeke, W., & Bagozzi, R. P. (2006). Coping with social anxiety by salespersons: The role of sale perseverance and task concentration strategies. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 34(3), 403–418.CrossRef Belschak, F., Verbeke, W., & Bagozzi, R. P. (2006). Coping with social anxiety by salespersons: The role of sale perseverance and task concentration strategies. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 34(3), 403–418.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bohrnstedt, G. W., & Marwell, G. (1978). The reliability of products of two random variables. In K. F. Schussler (Ed.), Sociological methodology. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Bohrnstedt, G. W., & Marwell, G. (1978). The reliability of products of two random variables. In K. F. Schussler (Ed.), Sociological methodology. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Zurück zum Zitat Boles, J. S., Wood, J. A., & Johnson, J. (2003). Interrelationships of role conflict, role ambiguity, and work-family conflict with different facets of job satisfaction and the moderating effects of gender. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 23(2), 99–113. Boles, J. S., Wood, J. A., & Johnson, J. (2003). Interrelationships of role conflict, role ambiguity, and work-family conflict with different facets of job satisfaction and the moderating effects of gender. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 23(2), 99–113.
Zurück zum Zitat Callahan, S. (1988). The role of emotion in ethical decision-making. The Hastings Center Report, 18, 9–14. Callahan, S. (1988). The role of emotion in ethical decision-making. The Hastings Center Report, 18, 9–14.
Zurück zum Zitat Caprara, G. V., Barbaranelli, C., Pastorelli, C., Cermak, I., & Rosza, S. (2001). Facing guilt: Role of negative affectivity, need for reparation, and fear of punishment in leading to prosocial behavior and aggression. European Journal of Personality, 15, 219–237.CrossRef Caprara, G. V., Barbaranelli, C., Pastorelli, C., Cermak, I., & Rosza, S. (2001). Facing guilt: Role of negative affectivity, need for reparation, and fear of punishment in leading to prosocial behavior and aggression. European Journal of Personality, 15, 219–237.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Chonko, L. B., & Burnett, J. J. (1983). Measuring the importance of ethical situations as a source of role conflict: A survey of salespeople, sales managers and sales support personnel. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 3, 41–47. Chonko, L. B., & Burnett, J. J. (1983). Measuring the importance of ethical situations as a source of role conflict: A survey of salespeople, sales managers and sales support personnel. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 3, 41–47.
Zurück zum Zitat Christie, P. M. J., Kwon, I. G., Stoeberl, P. A., & Baumhart, R. (2003). A cross-cultural comparison of ethical attitudes of business managers: India, Korea and the United States. Journal of Business Ethics, 46(3), 263–287.CrossRef Christie, P. M. J., Kwon, I. G., Stoeberl, P. A., & Baumhart, R. (2003). A cross-cultural comparison of ethical attitudes of business managers: India, Korea and the United States. Journal of Business Ethics, 46(3), 263–287.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Cialdini, R., Schaller, M., Houlihan, D., Arps, K., Fultz, J., & Beaman, A. (1987). Empathy-based helping: Is it selflessly or selfishly motivated? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(4), 749–758.CrossRef Cialdini, R., Schaller, M., Houlihan, D., Arps, K., Fultz, J., & Beaman, A. (1987). Empathy-based helping: Is it selflessly or selfishly motivated? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(4), 749–758.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Connelly, S., Helton-Fauth, W., & Mumford, M. D. (2004). A managerial in-basket study of the impact of trait emotions on ethical choice. Journal of Business Ethics, 51(3), 245–267.CrossRef Connelly, S., Helton-Fauth, W., & Mumford, M. D. (2004). A managerial in-basket study of the impact of trait emotions on ethical choice. Journal of Business Ethics, 51(3), 245–267.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Cortina, J. M., Chen, G., & Dunlap, W. P. (2001). Testing interaction effects in LISREL: Examination and illustration of available procedures. Organizational Research Methods, 4, 324–360.CrossRef Cortina, J. M., Chen, G., & Dunlap, W. P. (2001). Testing interaction effects in LISREL: Examination and illustration of available procedures. Organizational Research Methods, 4, 324–360.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Crosby, L. A., Evans, K. R., & Cowles, D. (1990). Relationship quality in services selling: An interpersonal influence perspective. Journal of Marketing, 54(3), 68–81.CrossRef Crosby, L. A., Evans, K. R., & Cowles, D. (1990). Relationship quality in services selling: An interpersonal influence perspective. Journal of Marketing, 54(3), 68–81.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Cunningham, M., Steinberg, J., & Grev, R. (1980). Wanting to and having to help: Separate motivations for positive mood and guilt-induced helping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38(2), 181–192.CrossRef Cunningham, M., Steinberg, J., & Grev, R. (1980). Wanting to and having to help: Separate motivations for positive mood and guilt-induced helping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38(2), 181–192.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Dion, P., Easterling, D., & Miller, S. J. (1995). What is really necessary in successful buyer/seller relationships? Industrial Marketing Management, 24(1), 1–9.CrossRef Dion, P., Easterling, D., & Miller, S. J. (1995). What is really necessary in successful buyer/seller relationships? Industrial Marketing Management, 24(1), 1–9.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Dubinsky, A. J., Nataraajan, R., & Huang, W. (2004). The influence of moral philosophy on retail salespeople’s ethical perceptions. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 38(2), 297–319.CrossRef Dubinsky, A. J., Nataraajan, R., & Huang, W. (2004). The influence of moral philosophy on retail salespeople’s ethical perceptions. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 38(2), 297–319.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Eisenberg, N. (2000). Emotion, regulation, and moral development. Annual Review Psychology, 51, 665–697.CrossRef Eisenberg, N. (2000). Emotion, regulation, and moral development. Annual Review Psychology, 51, 665–697.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Fan, X., & Sivo, S. (2005). Sensitivity of fit indices to misspecified structural or measurement model components: Rationale of two-index strategy revisited. Structural Equation Modeling, 12(3), 343–367.CrossRef Fan, X., & Sivo, S. (2005). Sensitivity of fit indices to misspecified structural or measurement model components: Rationale of two-index strategy revisited. Structural Equation Modeling, 12(3), 343–367.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ferrell, O. C., Johnston, M. W., & Ferrell, L. (2007). A framework for personal selling and sales management ethical decision-making. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 27(4), 291–299.CrossRef Ferrell, O. C., Johnston, M. W., & Ferrell, L. (2007). A framework for personal selling and sales management ethical decision-making. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 27(4), 291–299.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitudes, intentions, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitudes, intentions, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Zurück zum Zitat Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 28, 39–50.CrossRef Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 28, 39–50.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Frijda, N. H. (1993). Moods, emotion episodes, and emotions. In M. Lewis & J. M. Haviland (Eds.), Handbook of emotions. New York: Guildford Press. Frijda, N. H. (1993). Moods, emotion episodes, and emotions. In M. Lewis & J. M. Haviland (Eds.), Handbook of emotions. New York: Guildford Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Gaudine, A., & Thorne, L. (2001). Emotion and ethical decision-making in organizations. Journal of Business Ethics, 31(2), 175–187.CrossRef Gaudine, A., & Thorne, L. (2001). Emotion and ethical decision-making in organizations. Journal of Business Ethics, 31(2), 175–187.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Girard, D. (2007). Humanizing ethical decision-making: The contribution of emotions. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Administrative Sciences Association of Canada (Vol. 28, pp. 35–54), Ottawa, Ontario, June 2–5. Girard, D. (2007). Humanizing ethical decision-making: The contribution of emotions. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Administrative Sciences Association of Canada (Vol. 28, pp. 35–54), Ottawa, Ontario, June 2–5.
Zurück zum Zitat Griffith, D. A., & Lusch, R. F. (2007). Getting marketers to invest in firm-specific capital. Journal of Marketing, 71(1), 129–145.CrossRef Griffith, D. A., & Lusch, R. F. (2007). Getting marketers to invest in firm-specific capital. Journal of Marketing, 71(1), 129–145.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hansen, J. D., & Riggle, R. J. (2009). Ethical salesperson behavior in sales relationships. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 29(2), 151–166.CrossRef Hansen, J. D., & Riggle, R. J. (2009). Ethical salesperson behavior in sales relationships. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 29(2), 151–166.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Homburg, C., Wieseke, J., & Bornemann, T. (2009). Implementing the marketing concept at the employee–customer interface: The role of customer need knowledge. Journal of Marketing, 73(4), 64–81.CrossRef Homburg, C., Wieseke, J., & Bornemann, T. (2009). Implementing the marketing concept at the employee–customer interface: The role of customer need knowledge. Journal of Marketing, 73(4), 64–81.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hunt, S. D., & Vitell, S. J. (1986). A general theory of marketing ethics. Journal of Macromarketing, 6, 5–16.CrossRef Hunt, S. D., & Vitell, S. J. (1986). A general theory of marketing ethics. Journal of Macromarketing, 6, 5–16.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hunt, S. D., & Vitell, S. J. (2006). The general theory of marketing ethics: A revision and three questions. Journal of Macromarketing, 26(2), 143–153.CrossRef Hunt, S. D., & Vitell, S. J. (2006). The general theory of marketing ethics: A revision and three questions. Journal of Macromarketing, 26(2), 143–153.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ingram, T. N., LaForge, R. W., & Schwepker, C. H., Jr. (2007). Salesperson ethical decision making: The impact of sales leadership and sales management control strategy. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 27(4), 303–317.CrossRef Ingram, T. N., LaForge, R. W., & Schwepker, C. H., Jr. (2007). Salesperson ethical decision making: The impact of sales leadership and sales management control strategy. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 27(4), 303–317.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Jaramillo, F., Mulki, J. P., & Solomon, P. (2006). The role of ethical climate on salesperson’s role stress, job attitudes, turnover intention, and job performance. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 26, 271–282.CrossRef Jaramillo, F., Mulki, J. P., & Solomon, P. (2006). The role of ethical climate on salesperson’s role stress, job attitudes, turnover intention, and job performance. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 26, 271–282.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Jones, E., Busch, P., & Dacin, P. (2003). Firm market orientation and salesperson customer orientation: Interpersonal and intrapersonal influences on customer service and retention in business-to-business buyer–seller relationships. Journal of Business Research, 56(4), 323–340.CrossRef Jones, E., Busch, P., & Dacin, P. (2003). Firm market orientation and salesperson customer orientation: Interpersonal and intrapersonal influences on customer service and retention in business-to-business buyer–seller relationships. Journal of Business Research, 56(4), 323–340.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Jones, W. H., & Kugler, K. (1993). Interpersonal correlates of the guilt inventory. Journal of Personality Assessment, 61(2), 246.CrossRef Jones, W. H., & Kugler, K. (1993). Interpersonal correlates of the guilt inventory. Journal of Personality Assessment, 61(2), 246.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kligyte, V. (2008). The Influence of emotions and emotion regulation strategies on ethical decision-making. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK. Kligyte, V. (2008). The Influence of emotions and emotion regulation strategies on ethical decision-making. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK.
Zurück zum Zitat Kohlberg, L. (1958). The development of modes of moral thinking and choices in years 10 to 16. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL. Kohlberg, L. (1958). The development of modes of moral thinking and choices in years 10 to 16. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL.
Zurück zum Zitat Kracher, B., Chatterjee, A., & Lundquist, A. R. (2002). Factors related to the cognitive moral development of business students and business professionals in India and the United States: Nationality, education, sex and gender. Journal of Business Ethics, 35(4), 255–268.CrossRef Kracher, B., Chatterjee, A., & Lundquist, A. R. (2002). Factors related to the cognitive moral development of business students and business professionals in India and the United States: Nationality, education, sex and gender. Journal of Business Ethics, 35(4), 255–268.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kraus, S. J. (1995). Attitudes and the prediction of behavior: A meta-analysis of the empirical literature. Personal and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21(1), 58–75.CrossRef Kraus, S. J. (1995). Attitudes and the prediction of behavior: A meta-analysis of the empirical literature. Personal and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21(1), 58–75.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lindsey, L. L., Massi, Y., Kimo, A., & Hill, J. B. (2007). Anticipated guilt as motivation to help unknown others: An examination of empathy as a moderator. Communication Research, 34(4), 468–480.CrossRef Lindsey, L. L., Massi, Y., Kimo, A., & Hill, J. B. (2007). Anticipated guilt as motivation to help unknown others: An examination of empathy as a moderator. Communication Research, 34(4), 468–480.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lurie, Y. (2004). Humanizing business through emotions: On the role of emotions in ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 49(1), 1–11.CrossRef Lurie, Y. (2004). Humanizing business through emotions: On the role of emotions in ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 49(1), 1–11.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat MacKenzie, S. B., Podsakoff, P. M., & Paine, J. B. (1999). Do citizenship behaviours matter more for managers than for salespeople? Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 27(4), 396–410.CrossRef MacKenzie, S. B., Podsakoff, P. M., & Paine, J. B. (1999). Do citizenship behaviours matter more for managers than for salespeople? Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 27(4), 396–410.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Manstead, A. S. R., & Parker, D. (1995). Evaluating and extending the theory of planned behaviour. In W. Stroebe & M. Hewstone (Eds.), European review of social psychology (Vol. 6, pp. 69–96). Chichester: Wiley. Manstead, A. S. R., & Parker, D. (1995). Evaluating and extending the theory of planned behaviour. In W. Stroebe & M. Hewstone (Eds.), European review of social psychology (Vol. 6, pp. 69–96). Chichester: Wiley.
Zurück zum Zitat Marsh, H., Kit-Tai, H., & Wen, Z. (2004). In search of golden rules: Comment on hypothesis-testing approaches to setting cutoff values for fit indexes and dangers in overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler’s (1999) findings. Structural Equation Modeling, 11(3), 320–341.CrossRef Marsh, H., Kit-Tai, H., & Wen, Z. (2004). In search of golden rules: Comment on hypothesis-testing approaches to setting cutoff values for fit indexes and dangers in overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler’s (1999) findings. Structural Equation Modeling, 11(3), 320–341.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat McBane, D. A. (1995). Empathy and the salesperson: A multidimensional perspective. Psychology and Marketing, 12(4), 349–370.CrossRef McBane, D. A. (1995). Empathy and the salesperson: A multidimensional perspective. Psychology and Marketing, 12(4), 349–370.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat McClaren, N. (2000). Ethics in personal selling and sales management: A review of the literature focusing on empirical findings and conceptual foundations. Journal of Business Ethics, 27, 285–303.CrossRef McClaren, N. (2000). Ethics in personal selling and sales management: A review of the literature focusing on empirical findings and conceptual foundations. Journal of Business Ethics, 27, 285–303.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Mencl, J., & May, D. R. (2009). The effects of proximity and empathy on ethical decision- making: An exploratory investigation. Journal of Business Ethics, 85(2), 201–226.CrossRef Mencl, J., & May, D. R. (2009). The effects of proximity and empathy on ethical decision- making: An exploratory investigation. Journal of Business Ethics, 85(2), 201–226.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Mosher, D. L. (1988). Revised Mosher guilt inventory. In C. M. Davis & W. L. Yarber (Eds.), Sexuality-related measures: A compendium. Lake Mills, IA: Graphic Publications. Mosher, D. L. (1988). Revised Mosher guilt inventory. In C. M. Davis & W. L. Yarber (Eds.), Sexuality-related measures: A compendium. Lake Mills, IA: Graphic Publications.
Zurück zum Zitat Mukherjee, A., & Malhotra, N. (2006). Does role clarity explain employee-perceived service quality? A study of antecedents and consequences in call centers. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 17(5), 444–473.CrossRef Mukherjee, A., & Malhotra, N. (2006). Does role clarity explain employee-perceived service quality? A study of antecedents and consequences in call centers. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 17(5), 444–473.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat O’Fallon, M. J., & Butterfield, K. D. (2005). A review of the empirical ethical decision-making literature: 1996–2003. Journal of Business Ethics, 59(4), 375–413.CrossRef O’Fallon, M. J., & Butterfield, K. D. (2005). A review of the empirical ethical decision-making literature: 1996–2003. Journal of Business Ethics, 59(4), 375–413.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Paulssen, M. (2005). Attachment styles in business-to-business relationships. Unpublished working paper, Humboldt University, Berlin. Paulssen, M. (2005). Attachment styles in business-to-business relationships. Unpublished working paper, Humboldt University, Berlin.
Zurück zum Zitat Perugini, M., & Bagozzi, R. P. (2004). The distinction between desires and intentions. European Journal of Social Psychology, 34(1), 69–84.CrossRef Perugini, M., & Bagozzi, R. P. (2004). The distinction between desires and intentions. European Journal of Social Psychology, 34(1), 69–84.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Peterson, R. T., & Limbu, Y. (2009). The convergence of mirroring and empathy: Communications training in business-to-business personal selling persuasion efforts. Journal of Business-to-Business Marketing, 16(3), 193–219.CrossRef Peterson, R. T., & Limbu, Y. (2009). The convergence of mirroring and empathy: Communications training in business-to-business personal selling persuasion efforts. Journal of Business-to-Business Marketing, 16(3), 193–219.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Piers, G., & Singer, M. B. (1971). Shame and guilt. New York: W. W. Norton. Piers, G., & Singer, M. B. (1971). Shame and guilt. New York: W. W. Norton.
Zurück zum Zitat Pizarro, D. A., & Salovey, P. (2002). Being and becoming a good person: The role of emotional intelligence in moral development and behavior. In J. Aronson (Ed.), Improving academic achievement (pp. 247–266). San Diego: Academic Press.CrossRef Pizarro, D. A., & Salovey, P. (2002). Being and becoming a good person: The role of emotional intelligence in moral development and behavior. In J. Aronson (Ed.), Improving academic achievement (pp. 247–266). San Diego: Academic Press.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Paine, J. B., & Bachrach, D. G. (2000). Organizational citizenship behaviours: A critical review of the theoretical and empirical literature and suggestions for future research. Journal of Management, 26(3), 513–563.CrossRef Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Paine, J. B., & Bachrach, D. G. (2000). Organizational citizenship behaviours: A critical review of the theoretical and empirical literature and suggestions for future research. Journal of Management, 26(3), 513–563.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Purani, K., & Sahadev, S. (2008). The moderating role of industrial experience in the job satisfaction, intention to leave relationship: An empirical study among salesmen in india the moderating role of industrial experience in the job satisfaction, intention to leave relationship. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 23(7/8), 475–485.CrossRef Purani, K., & Sahadev, S. (2008). The moderating role of industrial experience in the job satisfaction, intention to leave relationship: An empirical study among salesmen in india the moderating role of industrial experience in the job satisfaction, intention to leave relationship. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 23(7/8), 475–485.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Rest, J. (1983). Morality. In P.H. Mussen (Series Ed.) & J. Flavell, & E. Markman (Vol. Eds.), Handbook of Child Psychology: Vol. 3, Cognitive Development (4th ed., pp. 556–629). New York: Wiley. Rest, J. (1983). Morality. In P.H. Mussen (Series Ed.) & J. Flavell, & E. Markman (Vol. Eds.), Handbook of Child Psychology: Vol. 3, Cognitive Development (4th ed., pp. 556–629). New York: Wiley.
Zurück zum Zitat Rizzo, J. R., House, R. J., & Lirtzman, S. I. (1970). Role conflict and ambiguity in complex organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 15, 150–163.CrossRef Rizzo, J. R., House, R. J., & Lirtzman, S. I. (1970). Role conflict and ambiguity in complex organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 15, 150–163.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Robertson, D. C. (1993). Empiricism in business ethics: Suggested research directions. Journal of Business Ethics, 12(8), 585–600.CrossRef Robertson, D. C. (1993). Empiricism in business ethics: Suggested research directions. Journal of Business Ethics, 12(8), 585–600.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Schwepker, C. H., Jr., Ferrell, O. C., & Ingram, Thomas N. (1997). The influence of ethical climate and ethical conflict on role stress in the sales force. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 25, 99–108.CrossRef Schwepker, C. H., Jr., Ferrell, O. C., & Ingram, Thomas N. (1997). The influence of ethical climate and ethical conflict on role stress in the sales force. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 25, 99–108.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Schwepker, C. H., Jr., & Hartline, M. D. (2005). Managing the ethical climate of customer-contact service employees. Journal of Service Research, 7, 377–397.CrossRef Schwepker, C. H., Jr., & Hartline, M. D. (2005). Managing the ethical climate of customer-contact service employees. Journal of Service Research, 7, 377–397.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Seevers, M. T., Skinner, S. J., & Kelley, S. W. (2007). A social network perspective on sales force ethics. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 27(4), 341–353.CrossRef Seevers, M. T., Skinner, S. J., & Kelley, S. W. (2007). A social network perspective on sales force ethics. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 27(4), 341–353.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Shih, C., & Chen, C. (2006). The effect of organizational ethical culture on marketing manager’s role stress and ethical behavioral intentions. The Journal of American Academy of Business, 8, 89–95. Shih, C., & Chen, C. (2006). The effect of organizational ethical culture on marketing manager’s role stress and ethical behavioral intentions. The Journal of American Academy of Business, 8, 89–95.
Zurück zum Zitat Siguaw, J. A., Brown, G., & Widing, R. E., II (1994). The influence of the market orientation of the firm on sales force behavior and attitudes. Journal of Marketing Research, 31(1), 106–116.CrossRef Siguaw, J. A., Brown, G., & Widing, R. E., II (1994). The influence of the market orientation of the firm on sales force behavior and attitudes. Journal of Marketing Research, 31(1), 106–116.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sims, R. L., & Gegez, A. E. (2004). Attitudes towards business ethics: A five nation comparative study. Journal of Business Ethics, 50(3), 253–265.CrossRef Sims, R. L., & Gegez, A. E. (2004). Attitudes towards business ethics: A five nation comparative study. Journal of Business Ethics, 50(3), 253–265.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Singh, J. (1998). Striking a balance in boundary-spanning positions: An investigation of some unconventional influences of role stressors and job characteristics on job outcomes of salespeople. Journal of Marketing, 62, 69–86.CrossRef Singh, J. (1998). Striking a balance in boundary-spanning positions: An investigation of some unconventional influences of role stressors and job characteristics on job outcomes of salespeople. Journal of Marketing, 62, 69–86.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Singh, J., Verbeke, W., & Rhoads, G. K. (1996). Do organizational practices matter in role stress processes? A study of direct and moderating effects for marketing-oriented boundary spanners. Journal of Marketing, 60, 69–86.CrossRef Singh, J., Verbeke, W., & Rhoads, G. K. (1996). Do organizational practices matter in role stress processes? A study of direct and moderating effects for marketing-oriented boundary spanners. Journal of Marketing, 60, 69–86.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Singhapakdi, A., Sirgy, M. J., Lee, D. J., & Vitell, S. J. (2010). The effects of ethics institutionalization on marketing managers: The mediating role of implicit institutionalization and the moderating role of socialization. Journal of Macromarketing, 30(1), 77–92.CrossRef Singhapakdi, A., Sirgy, M. J., Lee, D. J., & Vitell, S. J. (2010). The effects of ethics institutionalization on marketing managers: The mediating role of implicit institutionalization and the moderating role of socialization. Journal of Macromarketing, 30(1), 77–92.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Singhapakdi, A., Vitell, S. J., & Franke, G. R. (1999). Antecedents, consequences, and mediating effects of perceived moral intensity and personal moral philosophies. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 27(1), 19–28.CrossRef Singhapakdi, A., Vitell, S. J., & Franke, G. R. (1999). Antecedents, consequences, and mediating effects of perceived moral intensity and personal moral philosophies. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 27(1), 19–28.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Smith, A. (2006). Cognitive empathy and emotional empathy in human behaviour and evolution. Psychological Record, 56(1), 3–21. Smith, A. (2006). Cognitive empathy and emotional empathy in human behaviour and evolution. Psychological Record, 56(1), 3–21.
Zurück zum Zitat Spiro, R. L., & Weitz, B. A. (1990). Adaptive selling: Conceptualization, measurement, and nomological validity. Journal of Marketing Research, 27(1), 61–69.CrossRef Spiro, R. L., & Weitz, B. A. (1990). Adaptive selling: Conceptualization, measurement, and nomological validity. Journal of Marketing Research, 27(1), 61–69.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Steenhaut, S., & Kenhove, P. V. (2006). The mediating role of anticipated guilt in consumers’ ethical decision-making. Journal of Business Ethics, 69(3), 269–288.CrossRef Steenhaut, S., & Kenhove, P. V. (2006). The mediating role of anticipated guilt in consumers’ ethical decision-making. Journal of Business Ethics, 69(3), 269–288.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Tansey, R., Brown, G., Hyman, M. R., & Dawson, L. E. (1994). Personal moral philosophies and moral judgments of salespeople. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 14, 59–75. Tansey, R., Brown, G., Hyman, M. R., & Dawson, L. E. (1994). Personal moral philosophies and moral judgments of salespeople. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 14, 59–75.
Zurück zum Zitat Teas, R. K., Wacker, J. G., & Hughes, R. E. (1979). A path analysis of causes and consequences of salespeople’s perceptions of role clarity. Journal of Marketing Research, 16, 355–369.CrossRef Teas, R. K., Wacker, J. G., & Hughes, R. E. (1979). A path analysis of causes and consequences of salespeople’s perceptions of role clarity. Journal of Marketing Research, 16, 355–369.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Treviño, L. K. (1986). Ethical decision-making in organizations: A person–situation interactionist model. Academy of Management Review, 11, 601–617. Treviño, L. K. (1986). Ethical decision-making in organizations: A person–situation interactionist model. Academy of Management Review, 11, 601–617.
Zurück zum Zitat Treviño, L. K., & Weaver, G. R. (2003). Managing ethics in business organizations: Social scientific perspectives. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press. Treviño, L. K., & Weaver, G. R. (2003). Managing ethics in business organizations: Social scientific perspectives. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Treviño, L. K., Weaver, G. R., & Reynolds, S. J. (2006). Behavioral ethics in organizations: A review. Journal of Management, 32(6), 951–990.CrossRef Treviño, L. K., Weaver, G. R., & Reynolds, S. J. (2006). Behavioral ethics in organizations: A review. Journal of Management, 32(6), 951–990.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Valentine, S. (2009). Ethics training, ethical context, and sales and marketing professionals’ satisfaction with supervisors and coworkers. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 29(3), 227–242.CrossRef Valentine, S. (2009). Ethics training, ethical context, and sales and marketing professionals’ satisfaction with supervisors and coworkers. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 29(3), 227–242.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Valentine, S., & Barnett, T. (2007). Perceived organizational ethics and the ethical decisions of sales and marketing personnel. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 27, 375–390.CrossRef Valentine, S., & Barnett, T. (2007). Perceived organizational ethics and the ethical decisions of sales and marketing personnel. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 27, 375–390.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Valentine, S., Godkin, L., & Varca, P. E. (2010). Role conflict, mindfulness, and organizational ethics in an education-based healthcare institution. Journal of Business Ethics, 94(3), 455–469.CrossRef Valentine, S., Godkin, L., & Varca, P. E. (2010). Role conflict, mindfulness, and organizational ethics in an education-based healthcare institution. Journal of Business Ethics, 94(3), 455–469.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Verbeke, W., & Bagozzi, R. P. (2000). Sales call anxiety: Exploring what it means when fear rules a sales encounter. Journal of Marketing, 64(3), 88–101.CrossRef Verbeke, W., & Bagozzi, R. P. (2000). Sales call anxiety: Exploring what it means when fear rules a sales encounter. Journal of Marketing, 64(3), 88–101.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Verbeke, W., & Bagozzi, R. P. (2002). A situational analysis on how salespeople experience and cope with shame and embarrassment. Psychology and Marketing, 19, 714–741.CrossRef Verbeke, W., & Bagozzi, R. P. (2002). A situational analysis on how salespeople experience and cope with shame and embarrassment. Psychology and Marketing, 19, 714–741.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Verbeke, W., & Bagozzi, R. P. (2003). Exploring the role of self- and customer-provoked embarrassment in personal selling. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 20, 233–258.CrossRef Verbeke, W., & Bagozzi, R. P. (2003). Exploring the role of self- and customer-provoked embarrassment in personal selling. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 20, 233–258.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Verbeke, W., Belschak, F., & Bagozzi, R. P. (2004). The adaptive consequences of pride in personal selling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 32, 386–402.CrossRef Verbeke, W., Belschak, F., & Bagozzi, R. P. (2004). The adaptive consequences of pride in personal selling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 32, 386–402.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Vitell, Scott J., Keith, M., & Mathur, M. (2011). Antecedents to the justification of norm violating behavior among business practitioners. Journal of Business Ethics, 101(1), 163–173.CrossRef Vitell, Scott J., Keith, M., & Mathur, M. (2011). Antecedents to the justification of norm violating behavior among business practitioners. Journal of Business Ethics, 101(1), 163–173.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Wadhwa, V. (2009, August 17). Why be an ethical company? They’re stronger and last longer. Business Week Online. Wadhwa, V. (2009, August 17). Why be an ethical company? They’re stronger and last longer. Business Week Online.
Metadaten
Titel
An Emotion-Based Model of Salesperson Ethical Behaviors
verfasst von
Raj Agnihotri
Adam Rapp
Prabakar Kothandaraman
Rakesh K. Singh
Publikationsdatum
01.08.2012
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in
Journal of Business Ethics / Ausgabe 2/2012
Print ISSN: 0167-4544
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-0697
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-1123-3

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2012

Journal of Business Ethics 2/2012 Zur Ausgabe