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Erschienen in: Journal of Business Ethics 2/2013

01.06.2013

Encouraging Whistle Blowing to Improve Corporate Governance? A Malaysian Initiative

verfasst von: Shanthy Rachagan, Kalaithasan Kuppusamy

Erschienen in: Journal of Business Ethics | Ausgabe 2/2013

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Abstract

This article reviews if the introduction of new laws to encourage and protect whistleblowers is sufficient to improve corporate governance in Malaysian public-listed companies. It provides suggestions to formulate internal whistle-blowing policies for companies. It concludes that due to the culture of the people and the taxonomy of Malaysian public-listed companies and companies in other countries in the Asia–Pacific region, having laws to encourage and protect whistleblowers to get rid of corporate wrong-doings is not necessarily the only solution. The article defines whistle blowing and the benefits of encouraging whistleblowers. It proceeds to highlight the issues of concern on whistle blowing. It also deliberates particular issues of whistleblowing in Malaysia by discussing the taxonomy of Malaysian public-listed companies, the strength of the regulators in enforcement, the Malaysian culture, and the Malaysian corporate scandals. The article elaborates on the whistle-blowing laws in Malaysia and concludes by providing alternate ways to encourage whistle blowing in Malaysian companies having in mind the taxonomy of Malaysian companies, enforcement by regulators and the Malaysian culture.

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Fußnoten
1
Drew (2010, p. 13).
 
2
See footnote 1.
 
3
Dorgan (Senator) (2002).
 
4
Drew (2010).
 
5
Nader et al. (1972).
 
6
ILO Thesaurus (2005).
 
7
Pascoe and Rachagan (2005).
 
8
Drew (2003, p. 1).
 
9
Devine (2010).
 
11
Figg (2000).
 
12
Miceli et al. (2008).
 
13
PwC Survey, SmartPros Ltd. (2003).
 
14
See footnote 11.
 
15
IIA (1995).
 
17
Transparency International (2009).
 
18
PricewaterhouseCoopers (2007).
 
19
Thillainathan (1999).
 
20
Claessens et al. (2002).
 
21
Zulkafli et al. (2005).
 
22
Tam and Tan (2007).
 
23
Sourced from shareholdings analysis in annual reports 2006/2007 of respective companies from the Bursa Malaysia website.
 
24
ISI Emerging Markets (2012).
 
25
Sourced from shareholdings analysis in annual reports 2006/2007 of respective companies.
 
26
Rachagan et al. (2011).
 
27
Credit Lyonnais Securities Asia (2001).
 
28
The World Bank Group (2012).
 
29
Pura (1997), The Reporter (2010).
 
31
The Reporter (2010).
 
32
The most recent being against DatukKeramat Holdings Berhad for breach of paragraphs 9.03(1), 9.04(f), and 9.04(l) of the Listing Requirements of Bursa Securities and paragraphs 2.1(d) and 3.2 of Practice Note No. 1/2001 (“PN1/2001”). http://​www.​klse.​com.​my/​website/​mediacentre/​mr/​2006/​20060308c.​htm.
 
33
Credit Lyonnais Securities Asia (CLSA) (2010).
 
34
Pura (1997) (for example, the cases of Renong and Promet Bhd), Edmund and Jomo (2002).
 
35
See footnote 17.
 
36
World Bank (1999).
 
37
See footnote 35.
 
38
Den Hartog (2004, p. 395).
 
39
The literature on culture is obtained from a joint article, Rachagan and Satkunasingham (2008).
 
40
Hofstede (2001, p. 83).
 
41
See footnote 40
 
42
Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner (1997, pp. 102–119).
 
43
Pye (1985, pp. 255–257), Musa (1999, pp. 82–85), Goddard (1997).
 
44
See footnote 40.
 
45
See footnote 38.
 
46
This is illustrated by the board of directors of Petronas and Malaysian Airlines, two of the main government-linked companies.
 
47
Jayaseelan (2010), Shanmugam (2010).
 
48
The Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer of Transmile were charged in the Kuala Lumpur sessions court in July 2007, (Business Times 2007a).
 
49
See footnote 40.
 
50
Triandis (1999, p. 47).
 
51
Triandis (1989).
 
52
See footnote 51.
 
53
Triandis (1988).
 
54
Ho (1976).
 
55
Hofstede (2001, 83 at 227).
 
56
Hofstede (2001, 83 at 227, 235).
 
57
Triandis (1985), Schwartz (1992, p. 1).
 
58
Gelfand et al. (2004, pp. 468–471).
 
59
Hui and Triandis (1986).
 
60
See footnote 59.
 
61
See footnote 42.
 
62
Schein (1992, pp. 126–128).
 
63
See footnote 61.
 
64
See footnote 62.
 
65
See footnote 38.
 
66
Lehmann (2010).
 
67
The Star Business (2007a).
 
68
Business Times (2007b).
 
69
The Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer of Transmile were charged in the Kuala Lumpur sessions court in July 2007, (Business Times 2007a).
 
70
Business Times (2007c).
 
71
Business Times, ‘Firms in the spotlight’, June 11, 2007.
 
72
Business Times (2007d).
 
73
The Star Business (2007b).
 
74
Business Times (2007e).
 
75
Business Times (2007f). This case is presently being heard in the High Court of Malaya.
 
76
See footnote 66.
 
77
This can be seen by comparing the number of cases initiated in courts as shown by the ACA Annual Report 2004, May 31, 2007 and the MACC Annual Report 2009, July 13, 2010. http://​www.​sprm.​gov.​my/​ (viewed March 23, 2011).
 
78
The Whistleblower Protection Act 2010 (Act 711) has been duly approved in Parliament on May 6, 2010 and came into force on Wednesday, Dec 15, 2010.
 
79
The Star (2010).
 
80
See footnote 76.
 
81
See footnote 15.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Encouraging Whistle Blowing to Improve Corporate Governance? A Malaysian Initiative
verfasst von
Shanthy Rachagan
Kalaithasan Kuppusamy
Publikationsdatum
01.06.2013
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in
Journal of Business Ethics / Ausgabe 2/2013
Print ISSN: 0167-4544
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-0697
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-012-1402-7

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