Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Cellulose 2/2011

01.04.2011

A precise study on the feasibility of enzyme treatments of a kraft pulp for viscose application

verfasst von: Verena Gehmayr, Gabriele Schild, Herbert Sixta

Erschienen in: Cellulose | Ausgabe 2/2011

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

The development of efficient process steps to convert paper-grade to dissolving pulps was investigated as part of the work programme to improve the process economics. The challenge of pulp refinement comprises the selective removal of hemicelluloses and the precise adjustment of the pulp viscosity, while maintaining the reactivity of the pulp as required for viscose application. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of various enzyme treatments on a commercial oxygen-delignified Eucalyptus globulus paper-grade kraft pulp in the course of a total chlorine free bleaching sequence in combination with refining techniques following the principle of Modified Kraft Cooking (Sixta et al. 2007). The objectives were to assess its applicability as viscose pulp besides the reduction of chemical consumption in alkaline and ozone bleaching steps by means of xylanase pre-treatment and the controlled adjustment of final pulp viscosity utilizing endoglucanase post-treatment. Xylanase pre-treatment combined with cold caustic extraction at reduced alkalinity efficiently removed the hemicelluloses from the pulp and clearly increased the pulp brightness by extensive removal of hexenuronic acid side chains. The xylanase pre-treated pulp showed increased reactivity towards xanthation and high viscose dope quality in terms of particle content. The dependence of cellulose chain scission on the applied endoglucanase concentration was analyzed in detail, and this allowed precise viscosity reduction as well as reactivity increase. The differently treated pulps, with and without xylanase pre-treatment, were of very narrow molecular weight distribution and the quality of the spun fibers were very similar to those viscose fibers from commercial dissolving pulps.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Allison RW, Clark TA (1994) Effect of enzyme pretreatment on ozone bleaching. Tappi J 77:127–134 Allison RW, Clark TA (1994) Effect of enzyme pretreatment on ozone bleaching. Tappi J 77:127–134
Zurück zum Zitat Annergren G, Backlund Å, Richter J, Rydholm S (1965) Continuous prehydrolysis-kraft cooking. Tappi J 48:52–56 Annergren G, Backlund Å, Richter J, Rydholm S (1965) Continuous prehydrolysis-kraft cooking. Tappi J 48:52–56
Zurück zum Zitat Atalla RH (1979) Conformational effects in the hydrolysis of cellulose. In: Brown RD Jr, Jurasek L (eds) Hydrolysis of cellulose: mechanisms of enzymatic and acid catalysis, 1st edn. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, pp 55–69CrossRef Atalla RH (1979) Conformational effects in the hydrolysis of cellulose. In: Brown RD Jr, Jurasek L (eds) Hydrolysis of cellulose: mechanisms of enzymatic and acid catalysis, 1st edn. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, pp 55–69CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ates S, Ni Y, Atik C (2009) Effects of the endoxylanase treatment on fiber characteristics, brightness stability and strength properties of bleached wheat straw pulp. Cellul Chem Technol 43:17–23 Ates S, Ni Y, Atik C (2009) Effects of the endoxylanase treatment on fiber characteristics, brightness stability and strength properties of bleached wheat straw pulp. Cellul Chem Technol 43:17–23
Zurück zum Zitat Bajpai P, Bajpai PK (2001) Development of a process for the production of dissolving kraft pulp using xylanase enzyme. Appita J 54:381–384 Bajpai P, Bajpai PK (2001) Development of a process for the production of dissolving kraft pulp using xylanase enzyme. Appita J 54:381–384
Zurück zum Zitat Bertaud F, Laurent A, Garnier N, Vorion S, Sacon VM, Petit-Conil M (2008) Impact of xylanase pre-treatment of eucalyptus wood chips on kraft pulping and pulp bleachability. In: The 10th EWLP, KTH Stockholm, Sweden, Aug 25–28 Bertaud F, Laurent A, Garnier N, Vorion S, Sacon VM, Petit-Conil M (2008) Impact of xylanase pre-treatment of eucalyptus wood chips on kraft pulping and pulp bleachability. In: The 10th EWLP, KTH Stockholm, Sweden, Aug 25–28
Zurück zum Zitat Bhat MK (2000) Cellulases and related enzymes in biotechnology. Biotechnol Adv 18:355–383CrossRef Bhat MK (2000) Cellulases and related enzymes in biotechnology. Biotechnol Adv 18:355–383CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Brown J, Cheek MC, Jameel H, Joyce TW (1994) Medium-consistency ozone bleaching with enzyme pretreatment. Tappi J 77:105–109 Brown J, Cheek MC, Jameel H, Joyce TW (1994) Medium-consistency ozone bleaching with enzyme pretreatment. Tappi J 77:105–109
Zurück zum Zitat Cao Y, Tan H (2006) Improvement of alkali solubility of cellulose with enzymatic treatment. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 70:176–182CrossRef Cao Y, Tan H (2006) Improvement of alkali solubility of cellulose with enzymatic treatment. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 70:176–182CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat DIN standard (1977) 54355, Bestimmung der Beständigkeit von Zellstoff gegen Natronlauge (Alkaliresistenz) DIN standard (1977) 54355, Bestimmung der Beständigkeit von Zellstoff gegen Natronlauge (Alkaliresistenz)
Zurück zum Zitat DIN standard (1981) 54370, Bestimmung des Glührückstandes DIN standard (1981) 54370, Bestimmung des Glührückstandes
Zurück zum Zitat El-Din NMS, El-Megeid FFA (1994) The effect of cold alkali pretreatment on the reactivity of some cellulosic pulps towards acetylation. Holzforschung 48:496–500CrossRef El-Din NMS, El-Megeid FFA (1994) The effect of cold alkali pretreatment on the reactivity of some cellulosic pulps towards acetylation. Holzforschung 48:496–500CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Engström A-C, Ek M, Henriksson G (2006) Improved accessibility and reactivity of dissolving pulp for the viscose process: pretreatment with monocomponent endoglucanase. Biomacromol 7:2027–2031CrossRef Engström A-C, Ek M, Henriksson G (2006) Improved accessibility and reactivity of dissolving pulp for the viscose process: pretreatment with monocomponent endoglucanase. Biomacromol 7:2027–2031CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gellerstedt G, Li J (1996) An HPLC method for the quantitative determination of hexeneuronic acid groups in chemical pulps. Carbohydr Res 294:41–51 Gellerstedt G, Li J (1996) An HPLC method for the quantitative determination of hexeneuronic acid groups in chemical pulps. Carbohydr Res 294:41–51
Zurück zum Zitat Grassl M, Michal G, Rexer B (1987) Catalytic activity of enzymes. In: Gerhartz W, Yamamoto YS, Kaudy L, Rounsavill JF, Schulz G (eds) Ullmann’s encyclopedia of industrial chemistry, 5th edn edn. Weinheim, New York, pp 352–363 Grassl M, Michal G, Rexer B (1987) Catalytic activity of enzymes. In: Gerhartz W, Yamamoto YS, Kaudy L, Rounsavill JF, Schulz G (eds) Ullmann’s encyclopedia of industrial chemistry, 5th edn edn. Weinheim, New York, pp 352–363
Zurück zum Zitat Henriksson G, Christiernin M, Agnemo R (2005) Monocomponent endoglucanase treatment increases the reactivity of softwood sulphite dissolving pulp. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 32:211–214CrossRef Henriksson G, Christiernin M, Agnemo R (2005) Monocomponent endoglucanase treatment increases the reactivity of softwood sulphite dissolving pulp. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 32:211–214CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hilden L, Väljamäe P, Johansson G (2005) Surface character of pulp fibres studied using endoglucanases. J Biotechnol 118:386–397CrossRef Hilden L, Väljamäe P, Johansson G (2005) Surface character of pulp fibres studied using endoglucanases. J Biotechnol 118:386–397CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hinck JF, Casebier RL, Hamilton JK (1985) Dissolving pulp manufacture. In: Kocurek MJ, Ingruber OV, Al-Wong PE (eds) Sulfite science & technology, 3rd edn. TAPPI, CPPA, Atlanta, pp 213–243 Hinck JF, Casebier RL, Hamilton JK (1985) Dissolving pulp manufacture. In: Kocurek MJ, Ingruber OV, Al-Wong PE (eds) Sulfite science & technology, 3rd edn. TAPPI, CPPA, Atlanta, pp 213–243
Zurück zum Zitat Ibarra D, Köpcke V, Larsson PT, Jääskeläinen A-S, Ek M (2010) Combination of alkaline and enzymatic treatments as a process for upgrading sisal paper-grade pulp to dissolving-grade pulp. Bioresour Technol 101:7416–7423CrossRef Ibarra D, Köpcke V, Larsson PT, Jääskeläinen A-S, Ek M (2010) Combination of alkaline and enzymatic treatments as a process for upgrading sisal paper-grade pulp to dissolving-grade pulp. Bioresour Technol 101:7416–7423CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat ISO standard (2009) 2470-1, Paper, board and pulps—measurement of diffuse blue reflectance factor—Part 1: indoor daylight conditions (ISO brightness) ISO standard (2009) 2470-1, Paper, board and pulps—measurement of diffuse blue reflectance factor—Part 1: indoor daylight conditions (ISO brightness)
Zurück zum Zitat Jackson LS, Heitmann JA Jr, Joyce TW (1998) Production of dissolving pulp from recovered paper using enzymes. Tappi J 81:171–178 Jackson LS, Heitmann JA Jr, Joyce TW (1998) Production of dissolving pulp from recovered paper using enzymes. Tappi J 81:171–178
Zurück zum Zitat Jayme G, Roffael E (1969) Einfluss von Natriumhyroxidlösungen verschiedener Konzentration auf die Feinstruktur und die Reaktivität der Cellulose. Das Papier 23:405–412 Jayme G, Roffael E (1969) Einfluss von Natriumhyroxidlösungen verschiedener Konzentration auf die Feinstruktur und die Reaktivität der Cellulose. Das Papier 23:405–412
Zurück zum Zitat Jayme G, Schenck U (1949) Die Auswirkung verschiedener alkalischer Veredelungsbedingungen auf das Verhalten von Zellstoffen bei der Acetylierung. Das Papier 3:469–476 Jayme G, Schenck U (1949) Die Auswirkung verschiedener alkalischer Veredelungsbedingungen auf das Verhalten von Zellstoffen bei der Acetylierung. Das Papier 3:469–476
Zurück zum Zitat Jeffries TW, Davis M, Rosin B, Landucci LL (1998) Mechanisms for kappa reduction and color removal by xylanases. In: 7th international conference on biotechnology in the pulp and paper industry, Vancouver, Canada, June 16–19 Jeffries TW, Davis M, Rosin B, Landucci LL (1998) Mechanisms for kappa reduction and color removal by xylanases. In: 7th international conference on biotechnology in the pulp and paper industry, Vancouver, Canada, June 16–19
Zurück zum Zitat Jiang Z-H, Van Lierop B, Berry R (2000) Hexenuronic acid groups in pulping and bleaching chemistry. Tappi J 83:167–175 Jiang Z-H, Van Lierop B, Berry R (2000) Hexenuronic acid groups in pulping and bleaching chemistry. Tappi J 83:167–175
Zurück zum Zitat Kleinert TN (1975) Kalt-alkalische Zellstoffreinigung und Celluloseaktivität im Viskoseprozeß. Holzforschung 29:134–135CrossRef Kleinert TN (1975) Kalt-alkalische Zellstoffreinigung und Celluloseaktivität im Viskoseprozeß. Holzforschung 29:134–135CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Köpcke V, Ibarra D, Ek M (2008) Increasing accessibility and reactivity of paper grade pulp by enzymatic treatment for use as dissolving pulp. Nordic Pulp Pap Res J 23:363–368CrossRef Köpcke V, Ibarra D, Ek M (2008) Increasing accessibility and reactivity of paper grade pulp by enzymatic treatment for use as dissolving pulp. Nordic Pulp Pap Res J 23:363–368CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Köpcke V, Ibarra D, Larsson PT, Ek M (2010) Optimization of treatment sequences for the production of dissolving pulp from birch kraft pulp. Nordic Pulp Pap Res J 25:31–38CrossRef Köpcke V, Ibarra D, Larsson PT, Ek M (2010) Optimization of treatment sequences for the production of dissolving pulp from birch kraft pulp. Nordic Pulp Pap Res J 25:31–38CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Krässig HA (1984) Struktur und Reaktivität von Cellulosefasern. Das Papier 38:571–582 Krässig HA (1984) Struktur und Reaktivität von Cellulosefasern. Das Papier 38:571–582
Zurück zum Zitat Krässig HA (1993a) Accessibility in intercrystalline reactions. In: Krässig HA (ed) Cellulose: structure, accessibility and reactivity, 1st edn. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Amsterdam, pp 187–214 Krässig HA (1993a) Accessibility in intercrystalline reactions. In: Krässig HA (ed) Cellulose: structure, accessibility and reactivity, 1st edn. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Amsterdam, pp 187–214
Zurück zum Zitat Krässig HA (1993b) Methods of activation. In: Krässig HA (ed) Cellulose: structure, accessibility and reactivity, 1st edn. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Amsterdam, pp 215–276 Krässig HA (1993b) Methods of activation. In: Krässig HA (ed) Cellulose: structure, accessibility and reactivity, 1st edn. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Amsterdam, pp 215–276
Zurück zum Zitat Krässig HA (1993c) The fiber structure. In: Krässig HA (ed) Cellulose: structure, accessibility and reactivity, 1st edn. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Amsterdam, pp 6–12 Krässig HA (1993c) The fiber structure. In: Krässig HA (ed) Cellulose: structure, accessibility and reactivity, 1st edn. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Amsterdam, pp 6–12
Zurück zum Zitat Kvarnlöf N, Jönnson LJ, Söderlung C-A, Germgard U (2008) Enzyme pretreatment to improve the cellulose reactivity in the viscose process In: The 10th EWLP, KTH Stockholm, Sweden, Aug 25–28 Kvarnlöf N, Jönnson LJ, Söderlung C-A, Germgard U (2008) Enzyme pretreatment to improve the cellulose reactivity in the viscose process In: The 10th EWLP, KTH Stockholm, Sweden, Aug 25–28
Zurück zum Zitat Kyrklund B, Sihtola H (1963) On structural changes in pulp fibres due to cold alkali treatment. Papper och Trä 4:131–134 Kyrklund B, Sihtola H (1963) On structural changes in pulp fibres due to cold alkali treatment. Papper och Trä 4:131–134
Zurück zum Zitat Leschinsky M, Zuckerstätter G, Weber HK, Patt R, Sixta H (2008a) Effect of autohydrolysis of Eucalyptus globulus wood on lignin structure. Part 2: influence of autohydrolysis intensity. Holzforschung 62:653–658CrossRef Leschinsky M, Zuckerstätter G, Weber HK, Patt R, Sixta H (2008a) Effect of autohydrolysis of Eucalyptus globulus wood on lignin structure. Part 2: influence of autohydrolysis intensity. Holzforschung 62:653–658CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Leschinsky M, Zuckerstätter G, Weber HK, Patt R, Sixta H (2008b) Effect of autohydrolysis of Eucalyptus globulus wood on lignin structure. Part 1: comparison of different lignin fractions formed during water prehydrolysis. Holzforschung 62:645–652CrossRef Leschinsky M, Zuckerstätter G, Weber HK, Patt R, Sixta H (2008b) Effect of autohydrolysis of Eucalyptus globulus wood on lignin structure. Part 1: comparison of different lignin fractions formed during water prehydrolysis. Holzforschung 62:645–652CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Li J, Gellerstedt G (1997) The contribution to kappa number from hexeneuronic acid groups in pulp xylan. Carbohydr Res 302:213–218CrossRef Li J, Gellerstedt G (1997) The contribution to kappa number from hexeneuronic acid groups in pulp xylan. Carbohydr Res 302:213–218CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Li J, Gellerstedt G (2002) Oxymercuration-demercuration kappa number: an accurate estimation of the lignin content in chemical pulps. Nordic Pulp Pap Res J 17:410–414CrossRef Li J, Gellerstedt G (2002) Oxymercuration-demercuration kappa number: an accurate estimation of the lignin content in chemical pulps. Nordic Pulp Pap Res J 17:410–414CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Luo M (2009) Enzymatic treatment of pulp for lyocell manufacture. Weyerhaeuser-Company. Patent PCT/US2008/086367 Luo M (2009) Enzymatic treatment of pulp for lyocell manufacture. Weyerhaeuser-Company. Patent PCT/US2008/086367
Zurück zum Zitat Marx-Figini M (1978) Significance of the intrinsic viscosity ratio of unsubstituted and nitrated cellulose in different solvents. Angew Makromol Chemie 72:161–171CrossRef Marx-Figini M (1978) Significance of the intrinsic viscosity ratio of unsubstituted and nitrated cellulose in different solvents. Angew Makromol Chemie 72:161–171CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Medve J, Karlsson J, Lee D, Tjerneld F (1998) Hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose by cellobiohydrolase I and endoglucanase II from Trichoderma reesei: adsorption, sugar production pattern, and synergism of the enzymes. Biotechnol Bioeng 59:621–634CrossRef Medve J, Karlsson J, Lee D, Tjerneld F (1998) Hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose by cellobiohydrolase I and endoglucanase II from Trichoderma reesei: adsorption, sugar production pattern, and synergism of the enzymes. Biotechnol Bioeng 59:621–634CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Oksanen T, Buchert J, Viikari L (1997) The role of hemicelluloses in the hornification of bleached kraft pulps. Holzforschung 51:355–360CrossRef Oksanen T, Buchert J, Viikari L (1997) The role of hemicelluloses in the hornification of bleached kraft pulps. Holzforschung 51:355–360CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Philipp B, Rehder W, Lang H (1965) Zur Carboxylbestimmung in Chemiezellstoffen. Das Papier 19:1–9 Philipp B, Rehder W, Lang H (1965) Zur Carboxylbestimmung in Chemiezellstoffen. Das Papier 19:1–9
Zurück zum Zitat Puls J, Janzon R, Saake B (2006) Comparative removal of hemicelluloses from paper pulps using nitren, cuen, NaOH, and KOH. Lenzinger Berichte 86:63–70 Puls J, Janzon R, Saake B (2006) Comparative removal of hemicelluloses from paper pulps using nitren, cuen, NaOH, and KOH. Lenzinger Berichte 86:63–70
Zurück zum Zitat Rahkamo L, Viikari L, Buchert J, Paakkari T, Suortti T (1998) Enzymatic and alkaline treatments of hardwood dissolving pulp. Cellulose 5:79–88CrossRef Rahkamo L, Viikari L, Buchert J, Paakkari T, Suortti T (1998) Enzymatic and alkaline treatments of hardwood dissolving pulp. Cellulose 5:79–88CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Röder T, Moosbauer J, Fasching M, Bohn A, Fink H-P, Baldinger T, Sixta H (2006) Crystallinity determination of native cellulose—comparison of analytical methods. Lenzinger Berichte 86:85–89 Röder T, Moosbauer J, Fasching M, Bohn A, Fink H-P, Baldinger T, Sixta H (2006) Crystallinity determination of native cellulose—comparison of analytical methods. Lenzinger Berichte 86:85–89
Zurück zum Zitat Roncero MB, Torres AL, Colom JF, Vidal T (2005) The effect of xylanase on lignocellulosic components during the bleaching of wood pulps. Bioresour Technol 96:21–30CrossRef Roncero MB, Torres AL, Colom JF, Vidal T (2005) The effect of xylanase on lignocellulosic components during the bleaching of wood pulps. Bioresour Technol 96:21–30CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ruland W (1961) X-ray determination of crystallinity and diffuse disorder scattering. Acta Crystallogr 14:1180–1185CrossRef Ruland W (1961) X-ray determination of crystallinity and diffuse disorder scattering. Acta Crystallogr 14:1180–1185CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Rydholm SA (1965) Carbohydrate-removing methods. In: Rydholm SA (ed) Pulping processes, 1st edn. Robert E. Krieger Publishing Company Inc., Malabar, pp 992–1024 Rydholm SA (1965) Carbohydrate-removing methods. In: Rydholm SA (ed) Pulping processes, 1st edn. Robert E. Krieger Publishing Company Inc., Malabar, pp 992–1024
Zurück zum Zitat SCAN-CM standard (1999) 15:99, Viscosity in cupriethylenediamine solution SCAN-CM standard (1999) 15:99, Viscosity in cupriethylenediamine solution
Zurück zum Zitat Schelosky N, Röder T, Baldinger T (1999) Molmassenverteilung cellulosischer Produkte mittels Größenausschlußchromatographie in DMAC/LiCl. Das Papier 53:728–738 Schelosky N, Röder T, Baldinger T (1999) Molmassenverteilung cellulosischer Produkte mittels Größenausschlußchromatographie in DMAC/LiCl. Das Papier 53:728–738
Zurück zum Zitat Schild G, Sixta H, Gehmayr V (2010) Production of a novel generation of sulphur-free dissolving pulps In: Zellcheming cellulose-symposium. Wiesbaden, Germany, June 29–30 Schild G, Sixta H, Gehmayr V (2010) Production of a novel generation of sulphur-free dissolving pulps In: Zellcheming cellulose-symposium. Wiesbaden, Germany, June 29–30
Zurück zum Zitat Sears KD, Hinck JF, Sewell CG (1982) Highly reactive wood pulps for cellulose acetate production. J Appl Polym Sci 27:4599–4610CrossRef Sears KD, Hinck JF, Sewell CG (1982) Highly reactive wood pulps for cellulose acetate production. J Appl Polym Sci 27:4599–4610CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Shatalov AA, Pereira H (2008a) Effect of xylanases on peroxide bleachability of eucalypt (E. globulus) kraft pulp. Biochem Eng J 40:19–26CrossRef Shatalov AA, Pereira H (2008a) Effect of xylanases on peroxide bleachability of eucalypt (E. globulus) kraft pulp. Biochem Eng J 40:19–26CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Shatalov AA, Pereira H (2008b) The hexenuronic acid nature of xylanase-assisted direct brightening effect. In: The 10th EWLP, KTH Stockholm, Sweden, Aug 25–28 Shatalov AA, Pereira H (2008b) The hexenuronic acid nature of xylanase-assisted direct brightening effect. In: The 10th EWLP, KTH Stockholm, Sweden, Aug 25–28
Zurück zum Zitat Sixta H (2006a) Pulp properties and applications. In: Sixta H (ed) Handbook of pulp, vol 2, 1st edn. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp 1009–1069CrossRef Sixta H (2006a) Pulp properties and applications. In: Sixta H (ed) Handbook of pulp, vol 2, 1st edn. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp 1009–1069CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sixta H (2006b) Pulp purification. In: Sixta H (ed) Handbook of pulp, vol 2, 1st edn. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp 933–966CrossRef Sixta H (2006b) Pulp purification. In: Sixta H (ed) Handbook of pulp, vol 2, 1st edn. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp 933–966CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sixta H, Schelosky N, Milacher W, Baldinger T, Röder T (2001) Characterization of alkali-soluble pulp fractions by chromatography. In: The 11th ISWPC, Nice, France, June 11–14 Sixta H, Schelosky N, Milacher W, Baldinger T, Röder T (2001) Characterization of alkali-soluble pulp fractions by chromatography. In: The 11th ISWPC, Nice, France, June 11–14
Zurück zum Zitat Sixta H, Potthast A, Krotschek AW (2006) Chemical pulping processes. In: Sixta H (ed) Handbook of pulp, vol 1, 1st edn. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp 109–509CrossRef Sixta H, Potthast A, Krotschek AW (2006) Chemical pulping processes. In: Sixta H (ed) Handbook of pulp, vol 1, 1st edn. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp 109–509CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sixta H, Promberger A, Borgards A, Möslinger R (2007) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Zellstoffes. Lenzing-Aktiengesellschaft. Patent PCT/AT2007/000225 Sixta H, Promberger A, Borgards A, Möslinger R (2007) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Zellstoffes. Lenzing-Aktiengesellschaft. Patent PCT/AT2007/000225
Zurück zum Zitat Spence K, Tucker J, Hart PW (2009) Comparison of various hardwood kraft pulp pre-bleaching techniques. Tappi J April: 10–14 Spence K, Tucker J, Hart PW (2009) Comparison of various hardwood kraft pulp pre-bleaching techniques. Tappi J April: 10–14
Zurück zum Zitat Strey G, Wesley-Smith J, Wolfaardt F (2009) The influence of mannanase and endoglucanase treatment on the fibre stability of spruce CTMP. Holzforschung 63:521–527CrossRef Strey G, Wesley-Smith J, Wolfaardt F (2009) The influence of mannanase and endoglucanase treatment on the fibre stability of spruce CTMP. Holzforschung 63:521–527CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat TAPPI standard (1993a) T 203 om-93, Alpha-, beta and gamma-cellulose in pulp TAPPI standard (1993a) T 203 om-93, Alpha-, beta and gamma-cellulose in pulp
Zurück zum Zitat TAPPI standard (1993b) T 236 cm-85, Kappa number of pulp TAPPI standard (1993b) T 236 cm-85, Kappa number of pulp
Zurück zum Zitat TAPPI standard (2004) T 227 om-04, Freeness of pulp (Canadian standard method) TAPPI standard (2004) T 227 om-04, Freeness of pulp (Canadian standard method)
Zurück zum Zitat Treiber E, Rehnström J, Ameen C, Kolos F (1962) Über eine Laboratoriums-Viskose-Kleinstanlage zur Testung von Chemiefaserzellstoffen. Das Papier 16:85–94 Treiber E, Rehnström J, Ameen C, Kolos F (1962) Über eine Laboratoriums-Viskose-Kleinstanlage zur Testung von Chemiefaserzellstoffen. Das Papier 16:85–94
Zurück zum Zitat Valchev J, Tsekova P (2008) Xylanase post-treatment as a progress in bleaching processes In: The 10th EWLP, KTH Stockholm, Sweden, Aug 25–28 Valchev J, Tsekova P (2008) Xylanase post-treatment as a progress in bleaching processes In: The 10th EWLP, KTH Stockholm, Sweden, Aug 25–28
Zurück zum Zitat Vuorinen T, Fagerstroem P, Buchert J, Tenkanen M, Teleman A (1999) Selective hydrolysis of hexenuronic acid groups and its application in ECF and TCF bleaching of kraft pulps. J Pulp Pap Sci 25:155–162 Vuorinen T, Fagerstroem P, Buchert J, Tenkanen M, Teleman A (1999) Selective hydrolysis of hexenuronic acid groups and its application in ECF and TCF bleaching of kraft pulps. J Pulp Pap Sci 25:155–162
Zurück zum Zitat Wallis AFA, Wearne RH (1990) Chemical cellulose from radiata pine kraft pulp. Appita 43:355–357, 366 Wallis AFA, Wearne RH (1990) Chemical cellulose from radiata pine kraft pulp. Appita 43:355–357, 366
Zurück zum Zitat Wizani W, Krotscheck A, Schuster J, Lackner K (1994) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Viskosezellstoffen. Voestalpine-Industrieanlagen-GmbH, Lenzing-Aktiengesellschaft. Patent PCT/AT93/00183 Wizani W, Krotscheck A, Schuster J, Lackner K (1994) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Viskosezellstoffen. Voestalpine-Industrieanlagen-GmbH, Lenzing-Aktiengesellschaft. Patent PCT/AT93/00183
Zurück zum Zitat Wollboldt RP, Zuckerstätter G, Weber HK, Sixta H (2009) Influence of xylan in E. globulus on accessibility, reactivity and supramolecular structure. In: The 15th ISWFPC, Oslo, Norway, June 15–18 Wollboldt RP, Zuckerstätter G, Weber HK, Sixta H (2009) Influence of xylan in E. globulus on accessibility, reactivity and supramolecular structure. In: The 15th ISWFPC, Oslo, Norway, June 15–18
Zurück zum Zitat Yang JL, Sacon VM, Law SE, Eriksson KE (1993) Bleaching of eucalyptus kraft pulp with the EnZone process. Tappi J 76:91–96 Yang JL, Sacon VM, Law SE, Eriksson KE (1993) Bleaching of eucalyptus kraft pulp with the EnZone process. Tappi J 76:91–96
Zurück zum Zitat Zellcheming (1957) Merkblatt IV/33/57, Bestimmung des Wasserrückhaltevermögens (Quellwertes) von Zellstoffen Zellcheming (1957) Merkblatt IV/33/57, Bestimmung des Wasserrückhaltevermögens (Quellwertes) von Zellstoffen
Metadaten
Titel
A precise study on the feasibility of enzyme treatments of a kraft pulp for viscose application
verfasst von
Verena Gehmayr
Gabriele Schild
Herbert Sixta
Publikationsdatum
01.04.2011
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in
Cellulose / Ausgabe 2/2011
Print ISSN: 0969-0239
Elektronische ISSN: 1572-882X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-010-9483-x

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2011

Cellulose 2/2011 Zur Ausgabe