Abstract
This study examines the adsorption isotherms, kinetics and mechanisms of Pb2+ sorption onto waste cow bone powder (WCBP) surfaces. The concentrations of Pb2+ in the study range from 10 to 90 mg/L. Although the sorption data follow the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm, a detailed examination reveals that surface sorption or complexation and co-precipitation are the most important mechanisms, along with possibly ion exchange and solid diffusion also contributing to the overall sorption process. The co-precipitation of Pb2+ with the calcium hydroxyapatite (Ca-HAP) is implied by significant changes in Ca2+ and PO4 3− concentrations during the metal sorption processes. The Pb2+ sorption onto the WCBP surface by metal complexation with surface functional groups such as ≡ POH. The major metal surface species are likely to be ≡ POPb+. The sorption isotherm results indicated that Pb2+ sorption onto the Langmuir and Freundlich constant q max and K F is 9.52 and 8.18 mg g−1, respectively. Sorption kinetics results indicated that Pb2+ sorption onto WCBP was pseudo-second-order rate constants K 2 was 1.12 g mg−1 h−1. The main mechanism is adsorption or surface complexation (≡POPb+: 61.6%), co-precipitation or ion exchange [Ca3.93 Pb1.07 (PO4)3 (OH): 21.4%] and other precipitation [Pb 50 mg L−1 and natural pH: 17%). Sorption isotherms showed that WCBP has a much higher Pb2+ removal rate in an aqueous solution; the greater capability of WCBP to remove aqueous Pb2+ indicates its potential as another promising way to remediate Pb2+-contaminated media.
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This study was supported by the Korea Ministry of Environment as the GAIA (Geo-Advanced Innovative Action) Project (No. 173-091-003)
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Cha, J., Cui, M., Jang, M. et al. Kinetic and mechanism studies of the adsorption of lead onto waste cow bone powder (WCBP) surfaces. Environ Geochem Health 33 (Suppl 1), 81–89 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-010-9357-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-010-9357-z